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1.
Capturing the complexity of water uses and water users within a multi-agent framework 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Thomas Berger Regina Birner Nancy Mccarthy JosÉ DíAz Heidi Wittmer 《Water Resources Management》2007,21(1):129-148
Due to the hydrological and socio-economic complexity of water use within river basins and even sub-basins, it is a considerable
challenge to manage water resources in an efficient, equitable and sustainable way. This paper shows that multi-agent simulation
(MAS) is a promising approach to better understand the complexity of water uses and water users within sub-basins. This approach
is especially suitable to take the collective action into account when simulating the outcome of technical innovation and
policy change. A case study from Chile is used as an example to demonstrate the potential of the MAS framework. Chile has
played a pioneering role in water policy reform by privatizing water rights and promoting trade in such rights, devolving
irrigation management authority to user groups, and privatizing the provision of irrigation infrastructure. The paper describes
the different components of a MAS model developed for four micro-watersheds in the Maule river basin. Preliminary results
of simulation experiments are presented, which show the impacts of technical change and of informal rental markets on household
income and water use efficiency. The paper also discusses how the collective action problems in water markets and in small-scale
and large-scale infrastructure provision can be captured by the MAS model. To promote the use of the MAS approach for planning
purposes, a collaborative research and learning framework has been established, with a recently created multi-stakeholder
platform at the regional level (Comisión Regional de Recursos Hidricos) as the major partner. Finally, the paper discusses
the potentials of using MAS models for water resources management, such as increasing transparency as an aspect of good governance.
The challenges, for example the need to build trust in the model, are discussed as well. 相似文献
2.
Marleen van Rijswick Jurian Edelenbos Petra Hellegers Matthijs Kok Stefan Kuks 《国际水》2013,38(5):725-742
A three-step interdisciplinary method to assess approaches to water shortage, water quality and flood risks is presented. This method, based on water system analysis, economics, law and public administration, seeks to create common understanding based on newly developed concepts and definitions. First, generating content knowledge about the water system and about values, principles and policy discourses. Second, providing an organizational process with sufficient stakeholder involvement, insight into the trade-off between social objectives, and attribution of responsibilities in addition to regulations and agreements. Finally, implementing the agreed service level through adequate infrastructure, enforcement and conflict resolution. 相似文献
3.
Integrated water resources management (IWRM) is becoming increasingly accepted as the most logical and effective means of managing aquatic ecosystems for their sustainable use. Despite efforts to provide practical examples of the application of IWRM, we still lack knowledge on how to best consider and integrate the potentially large quantity of data and information, both scientific and socioeconomic, which must be considered in pursuit of the goal of sustainable water resources. The unique features of (i) an integrating nature; (ii) long water retention time, and (iii) complex response dynamics make the management of lakes and reservoirs particularly difficult to achieve. Although the World Lake Vision has provided substantial management guidance to address some of the complex issues facing lake and reservoir management, additional work directed to analysing the interactions and linkages between the scientific/technical and the socioeconomic components of the sustainability ‘equation’ is needed. This report examines the use of mathematical models as a synthesizing tool in developing and applying management strategies for lakes and reservoirs. The different types of available models, and the criteria that can be used to select the ‘best’ model for a given situation, also are discussed, as is the important role of environmental indicators in the process. A case study focusing on the restoration of Lake Fure in Denmark provides an illustrative example of the application of the approach discussed in this report. 相似文献