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基因工程是现代生物技术在生物农药研制方面的重要手段之一,其中以苏云金芽芽孢菌(Bt)杀虫蛋白为基础的转基因作物是该类研究的热点。由于转Bt基因作物在抗虫、减少化学污染方面的良好性能,玉米、棉花等转基因作物已在世界范围内商业化。我国转Bt基因作物研究起步晚,但发展迅速。目前已先后批准了甜椒、番茄以及番木瓜3种作物作为商业化生产。与此同时,Bt转基因作物在基因漂移、抗虫性以及生物安全性方面存在争论,需要更多的实验支持和更深入细致的研究。 相似文献
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采用ELISA技术检测转Bt基因水稻中Bt蛋白的含量,判断水稻样品中是否含有转基因成分。利用研磨、酶标、孵育等技术对样品进行前处理。采用阳性质控物浓度等倍稀释方法,建立标准曲线,相关系数为0.997 4。用一系列不同转基因含量的标准基体材料,分析方法的最低检测限,灵敏度达0.1%。通过对我国进入生产性试验的转Bt基因水稻品系TT51-1和科丰6号的测试,表明该方法与普通PCR方法真实性和灵敏度一致,可以广泛应用于转Bt基因水稻及其粗加工产品的转基因成分检测。为转基因生物安全监管和安全性评价提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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应用PCR技术进行转基因水稻检测研究。本文以转基因水稻为材料,以聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法为基础,选择适用于转基因食品安全性检验的核酸检测技术,针对转基因水稻中普遍存在的花椰菜花叶病毒(CaMV35S)启动子、胭脂碱合成酶(NOS)终止子、和转入苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,简写为Bt)基因水稻的CrylAc片段进行PCR检测,建立适合转BT基因水稻的检测方法。该方法简便快速、检测结果与标准及其他文献资料相符。 相似文献
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对转Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac基因稻谷(华恢1号)及其非转基因亲本明恢63在储藏期内对害虫印度谷螟生长发育的影响开展研究。结果表明,转Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac基因稻谷对印度谷螟低龄幼虫(1至3龄幼虫)具有较强的致死作用。温度显著影响印度谷螟各虫态的发育历期和发育速度,以2%转基因稻谷糙米粉饲喂印度谷螟后发育历期显著延长。种群生长发育速率与温度关系的非线性拟合结果显示,印度谷螟发育起点温度为7.40~15.94 ℃,以2%转基因稻谷糙米粉饲喂印度谷螟发育起点温度为4.90~17.36 ℃。以上研究结果在理论上加深对转Bt基因稻谷生态安全的认识,在实践上为科学开发利用转Bt基因水稻提供理论支持。 相似文献
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为研究转苏云金芽胞杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)基因抗虫玉米长期食用对大鼠免疫的影响,以其亲本非转基因玉米饲料及商业饲料为对照,分别采用流式细胞术及液相芯片法检测喂养90 d后亲代及子代刚断乳大鼠外周血、脾脏免疫细胞分型及相关血清细胞因子的表达。结果发现,转Bt基因抗虫玉米饲料组亲代大鼠外周血和脾脏及子代脾脏各淋巴细胞亚群(CD4~+、CD8~+、TCRαβ~+、TCRγδ~+)的细胞数量比例及亲代血清中10种细胞因子表达水平均与非转基因玉米饲料组无显著差异(P0.05);子代外周血B淋巴细胞数量比例显著增高,巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-1α、单核细胞趋化因子-1β、白细胞介素-5表达水平明显降低(P0.05)。结果表明:转Bt基因抗虫玉米暴露90 d对亲代大鼠免疫系统影响不大;对子代刚断乳大鼠的细胞免疫及体液免疫有一定的影响。 相似文献
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Bt蛋白免疫检测技术研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在商用转基因大豆、玉米中,转Bt基因占绝大多数,由于目前越来越多的国家要求对转基因产品实行标签制度,因此转Bt基因成分的快速检测对进口转基因国显得非常重要,本文对Bt蛋白的一种快速检测技术-免疫检测技术的研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
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应用简并PCR方法检测转cry1A基因作物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据不同转基因作物中cry1A基因的保守区序列,建立简并聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)对转cry1A基因作物检测方法。cry1A基因(包括cry1Ab、cry1Ac、cry1Ab/Ac、cry1A.105、mcry1Ac)是抗虫转基因作物中使用频次最高的目的基因,常用作转基因成分筛选检测的靶标。应用Vector NTI Advance 11.5软件将已报道的20余种cry1A基因PCR检测方法中的引物与11 个cry1A基因序列进行比对,结果显示,这些方法的引物序列不能同时与所有cry1A基因序列完全配对,每对引物的错配碱基数均大于3 个,且许多错配发生在引物的3’端,表明这些cry1A基因检测方法理论上仅适用于部分特定的靶标基因。在对MON810、Bt11、Bt176等11 种转基因作物中cry1A基因核苷酸序列进行比对分析基础上,以其5’端的保守核苷酸序列为模板,筛选到1 对简并引物,建立了cry1A基因的简并PCR方法。应用该方法能特异性地检测11种转基因作物中的cry1A基因,检测灵敏度可稳定达到0.1%。该方法为转基因作物中cry1A基因的高效筛选检测提供了一种新的技术手段。 相似文献
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转Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac基因作物可以有效防治害虫。以世界性的储粮害虫印度谷螟Plodia interpunctella (Hübener)为研究对象,借助高通量测序法研究试虫中与Bt毒蛋白密切相关的基因,以期初步揭示转Bt稻谷的杀虫作用机制。结果表明,在对印度谷螟非胁迫种群和转Bt基因大米粉胁迫种群分别进行转录组测序,经De novo组装后共得到37 246个Unigene,其中有23 310个Unigene获得注释。随后,通过比较分析上述两种品系试虫基因表达量,共筛选出34 466条显著差异表达的基因,其中在胁迫品系中有15 741条基因表达量显著上调,另有18 725条基因表达量显著下调。一方面大大扩充了针对该物种的基因信息,另一方面为转基因稻谷抗印度谷螟的相关机理研究提供了新思路。 相似文献
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Bt基因在抗虫转基因作物中广泛应用,是转基因食品筛选检测中最主要的目的基因。本研究依据核苷酸序列分析结果,将在转基因作物中常见的8种Bt基因(cry1Ab、cry1Ac、cry1Ab/Ac、cry1A.105、cry1Ac-M、cry2Ab、cry3A和cry3Bb)划分为cry1A、cry2A、cry3A三个组,并根据每个组的一致性序列设计了可分别检测各组Bt基因的特异性检测引物,其中cry1A组采用了简并引物,经过特异性、灵敏度等测试,建立了针对cry1A组、cry2A组和cry3A组的单一PCR检测方法。此外,通过将这三对检测引物放入同一PCR体系中,还建立了可特异检测上述3组Bt基因的三重PCR方法。结果表明,本研究建立的单一PCR和三重PCR方法均可从各类样品中准确检测出预期Bt基因成分,检测灵敏度达到0.1%。本方法特异性强、灵敏度高,在转基因成分的筛选检测中有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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A collaborative trial study has been conducted for validation of an extraction method and a subsequent real-time PCR for detection
of a transgenic Bt rice line (‘Bt63’) in rice products originating from China. A total of 17 laboratories participated in
the study and each laboratory received 16 coded samples comprising of rice grain flours, rice noodle flours and plasmid DNAs.
Of the accepted results all Bt63-positive rice grain samples (0.1 or 0.05% w/w) and all rice noodle samples prepared from
marketed rice products were detected correctly. The result demonstrates that ‘Bt63’ rice is detectable even at low relative
mass concentrations of 0.05%. The absolute LOD determined with plasmid DNA samples showed to be at least five copies of the
‘Bt63’ target sequence. The data provided in this study show that the method is fit-for-purpose to inspect Chinese rice products
for the presence of EU-unauthorised rice lines carrying the ‘Bt63’ construct. 相似文献
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Detection of genetically modified rice: a construct-specific real-time PCR method based on DNA sequences from transgenic Bt rice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dietrich Mäde Christine Degner Lutz Grohmann 《European Food Research and Technology》2006,224(2):271-278
Genetically modified rice varieties developed in China are close to approval for agricultural cultivation and production. However, so far no method has been reported for specific detection of transgenic varieties of this crop. In the present study, rice seeds assumed to consist of field-tested Bt rice (‘Anti-pest Shanyou 63’ and ‘Anti-pest Jinyou 63’) were used as reference material to determine transgenic DNA sequences. The transition between the cryIA(b) and cryIA(c) fusion gene and the nopaline synthase terminator (nos) sequence was used to develop a construct-specific real-time PCR based detection method. This Bt rice specific detection system was combined with a recently published quantitative real-time PCR method for the rice-specific (Oryza sativa L.) reference gene gos9. The complete PCR assay for detection of transgenic Bt rice was in-house validated and the limit of quantification was found to be below 0.1% Bt rice relative to the rice content. Application of the PCR assay should allow more precise detection of transgenic rice varieties in imported food products which are so far not approved in the EU. 相似文献
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Zhong‐hua Wang Yin Wang Hai‐rui Cui Ying‐wu Xia Illimar Altosaar Qing‐yao Shu 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2002,82(7):738-744
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic (KMD1) and non‐transgenic (KMD1′s parental variety Xiushui 11) rice flours were assessed in a 90 day feeding test with rats. KMD1 contained a synthetic cry1Ab gene from Bt, and selection marker genes nptII and hpt linked in tandem. In the≤64 g kg?1 body weight (BW) dosage range (Bt transgenic rice flour composed 64% of the ingredients of the diet), no adverse effects of Bt rice on rats were observed in terms of animal behaviour, weight gain and feed utilisation rate. Necropsy at the end of the experiment indicated that neither pathological lesions nor histopathological abnormalities were present in organs such as liver, kidneys, intestines and testes of rats in both test and control groups by macroscopic and microscopic pathology. In addition, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in relative organ weights, haemograms and blood indices of rats between test and control groups. Several serum parameters of female rats were found to be significantly different between Bt and non‐Bt diets, but the values of these parameters were still within the normal ranges of values for rats of this age and sex. These results demonstrated that Bt rice flour at a dosage of 64 g kg?1 BW, Bt toxin and NPTII and HPT proteins have no toxic effects on rats. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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为了考察转基因水稻安全性问题,在相同的种植、采样、样品前处理等前提下,以2009年及2010年收获的转基因水稻(YG-1、YG-2)与亲本糙米为材料,测定及分析样品中的主要营养成分(灰分、蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪及淀粉)、微量元素和抗营养因子等。结果表明:除转基因水稻和亲本糙米中的Fe、Mn、Cu含量存在差异外,转基因水稻和亲本糙米中主要营养成分、其他微量元素及抗营养因子均无显著性差异。说明在水稻转基因过程中并未显著改变原亲本的主要营养品质,具有实质等同性。 相似文献
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我国食品安全突发事件应急管理体系研究及环境污染案例分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文首先对我国食品安全应急管理体系研究现状进行综述,并对我国基层食品安全应急管理体系进行调查。再以镉大米事件的应对为例,在问卷调查和实证研究的基础上,对环境污染食品型突发事件的消解式应急处置进行了分析,最后提出完善食品安全应急管理体系的六点建议。 相似文献
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PCR-based quantification of genetically modified Bt maize: single-competitive versus dual-competitive approach 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
C. Hupfer H. Hotzel K. Sachse F. Moreano K.-H. Engel 《European Food Research and Technology》2000,212(1):95-99
Methods for the quantification of transgenic insect-resistant Bt maize by single- and dual-competitive PCR were developed.
The analysis of mixtures of DNA solutions, as well as of maize flours containing defined amounts of Bt maize, demonstrated
the usefulness of single-competitive PCR based on coamplification of the CDPK promoter/cryIA(b) gene region of Bt maize and an internal standard. Upon heat treatment of DNA solutions and maize flour, respectively, the
recovery of the Bt proportion compared to the starting material determined by single-competitive PCR decreased significantly.
This systematic error could be compensated for by using a dual-competitive approach based on PCR quantification of the transgenic
target sequence of Bt maize and of the maize specific invertase gene (ivr1).
Received: 24 January 2000 / Revised version: 25 February 2000 相似文献