基于动态主成分子空间的人脸识别算法

在基于子空间分析的人脸识别中,通常是按照特征值的大小来确认主成分的重要性,并以此为基础构造一个固定的特征子空间.通过人脸图像重建分析,发现固定的特征子空间会给人脸识别带来误差,于是采用多元线性回归分析理论,提出一个动态主成分子空间构造算法.在此基础上,得到了动态PCA(主成分分析)算法和基于Gabor特征的动态PCA算法.由ORL和Georgia Tech人脸数据库上的实验结果表明,该算法不仅减少了主成分数目,而且提高了识别率.     

对步态空时数据的连续特征子空间分析

提出一种基于空时特征提取的人体步态识别算法。连续的特征子空间学习依次提取出步态的时间与空间特征：第一次特征子空间学习对步态的频域数据进行主成分分析,步态数据被转化为周期特征矢量;第二次特征子空间学习对步态数据的周期特征矢量形式进行主成分分析加线性判别分析的联合分析,步态数据被进一步转化为步态特征矢量。步态特征矢量同时包含运动的周期特征以及人体的形态特征,具有很强的识别能力。在USF步态数据库上的实验结果显示,该算法识别率较其他同类算法有明显提升。     

Multidimensional scaling with discrimination coefficients for supervised visualization of high-dimensional data

Visualization techniques for high-dimensional data sets play a pivotal role in exploratory analysis in a wide range of disciplines. A particularly challenging problem represents gene expression data based on microarray technology where the number of features (genes) typically exceeds 20,000, whereas the number of samples is frequently below 200. We investigated class-specific discrimination coefficients for each feature and each pair of classes for an effective nonlinear mapping to lower-dimensional space. We applied the technique to three microarray data sets and compared the projections to two-dimensional space with the results from a conventional multidimensional scaling method, a score plot resulting from principal component analysis, and projections from linear discriminant analysis. In the experiments, we observed that the discrimination coefficients allowed for an improved visualization of high-dimensional genomic data.     

基于低秩子空间投影和Gabor特征的稀疏表示人脸识别算法

目前的人脸识别算法常常忽视训练过程中噪声的影响,特别是在训练数据和待测数据都受到噪声污染的情况下,识别性能会明显下降。针对含有光照变化、伪装、遮挡及表情变化等较大噪声的人脸识别问题,提出了一种基于低秩子空间投影和Gabor特征的稀疏表示人脸识别算法。该算法首先通过低秩矩阵恢复算法得到训练样本的潜在低秩结构和稀疏误差结构;然后利用主成分分析法找到低秩结构的Gabor特征所在低秩子空间的变换矩阵;再通过变换矩阵将所有样本的Gabor特征向量投影到低秩子空间上,在该低秩子空间上使用稀疏表示分类算法进行最终的分类识别。在Extend Yale B和AR数据库上的实验表明,新算法具有较高的识别率和较强的抗干扰能力。     

三维数据场形状特征的一种可视化方法

提出了一种三维数据形状特征的可视化方法,首先讨论数据场中牲的定义,特征的属性以及有关特征可化方法研究中存在的问题,提出对多时间片序列数据场进行特征跟踪的方法,其次给出三维数据场特征抽取的方法,并提出一种三维边界特征的表示方法,所抽取的特征用三维曲面来绘制,用主分量分析法估计特征点处理的法向,通过构造一个规则的距离场绘制三维特征边界曲面,最后讨论算法的实现与存在的问题。     

Optimal Feature Extraction Using Greedy Approach for Random Image Components and Subspace Approach in Face Recognition

An innovative and uniform framework based on a combination of Gabor wavelets with principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) is presented in this paper. In this framework, features are extracted from the optimal random image components using greedy approach. These feature vectors are then projected to subspaces for dimensionality reduction which is used for solving linear problems. The design of Gabor filters, PCA and MDA are crucial processes used for facial feature extraction. The FERET, ORL and YALE face databases are used to generate the results. Experiments show that optimal random image component selection (ORICS) plus MDA outperforms ORICS and subspace projection approach such as ORICS plus PCA. Our method achieves 96.25%, 99.44% and 100% recognition accuracy on the FERET, ORL and YALE databases for 30% training respectively. This is a considerably improved performance compared with other standard methodologies described in the literature.     

基于Gabor滤波和KPCA的人脸识别方法

尽管核主分量分析能够有效地提取非线性特征,并成功地应用于人脸识别,但是抽取对光照、表情不敏感的特征仍然是亟待解决的问题。该文提出了一种结合Gabor特征和核主分量分析的人脸识别方法。首先通过Gabor滤波器对人脸图像滤波,并通过实验分析了Gabor滤波器参数的选择,然后采用核主分量分析的方法降低Gabor特征的维数．最后采用最近邻分类器进行识别。由于采用了Gabor滤波,该方法对光照、表情具有鲁棒性,在ORL人脸库上的实验结果表强,该方法在识别性能上优于核主分量分析方法。     

A cloud-based monitoring system via face recognition using Gabor and CS-LBP features

Face detection and recognition is an important topic in security. Currently, ubiquitous monitoring has received a large amount of attention. This paper proposes a cloud-based ubiquitous monitoring system via face recognition. It consists of a monitoring client module for face detection and recognition and a cloud storage module for data visualization. In the monitoring client module, the center-symmetric local Gabor binary pattern feature extraction method is proposed for face recognition, which combines improved multi-scale Gabor and center-symmetric local binary pattern (CS-LBP) features. This method maintains crucial local features, reduces the Gabor filter complexity, and adds rotational invariance and more precise texture information. A large number of experiments on the ORL, Yale-B, and Yale databases show that the proposed method obtains significantly better recognition rates than the LBP, CS-LBP, and Scale Gabor methods. Furthermore, we propose a Web browser-based data visualization that renders the geographic locations of the face detection and recognition results.     

Gabor 滤波器和ICA支持的无监督纹理分割

纹理分割已经取得了很大的进展,但仍然缺乏一个轻便的解决方案,建立了一个无监督纹理分割框架,其核心是将Gabor滤波器所提取的特征视为统计量,用独立分量分析(ICA)整合特征,并用独立分量作为新的纹理特征,避开了Gabor滤波器参数选择的难题,实验结果表明,ICA比主分量分析更利于纹理特征重整,采用该方法对大多数自然纹理能够得到满意的分割结果。     

Content-based image retrieval methods

Creation of a content-based image retrieval system implies solving a number of difficult problems, including analysis of low-level image features and construction of feature vectors, multidimensional indexing, design of user interface, and data visualization. Quality of a retrieval system depends, first of all, on the feature vectors used, which describe image content. The paper presents a survey of common feature extraction and representation techniques and metrics of the corresponding feature spaces. Color, texture, and shape features are considered. A detailed classification of the currently known features’ representations is given. Experimental results on efficiency comparison of various methods for representing and comparing image content as applied to the retrieval and classification tasks are presented.     

A retrieval system to analyse dermatological lesions using feature ortho-normalisation

An information retrieval system is proposed as an assistance tool for diagnosing the skin lesion using Content-Based Image Retrieval approach. Efficiency of the retrieval system is deliberated in terms of the most relevant retrieval of images from database. The proposed diagnostic assistive model retrieves the skin lesion images and its disease category, case history, symptoms and treatment plan. This retrieval process is made from a dermatology database by the way of visual features in the input image such as shape, texture and colour. The author’s proposed principal component analysis (PCA) feature projection technique is to discriminate the features by projecting them onto a feature subspace. While projecting the features onto a feature subspace features are normalised orthogonally. So the proposed methodology is used to improve the classification by the way of discriminate the features, in-turn it focus the retrieval of comprehensive reference sources, so that the diagnosis accuracy of the dermatologists are also improved. Receiver-operating characteristic curve is used to analyse the proposed computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) method, while analysis we attained high contribution to detect the skin lesions. Totally 1450 images are experimented and the system produced the 99.09% specificity, 96.69% sensitivity and 98.3% accuracy. When compared with other works this system of assessment shows high retrieval and diagnosis concert.     

Log-Gabor小波和分数阶多项式KPCA的火焰图像状态识别

目的 为了进一步提高锅炉燃烧火焰图像状态识别的性能,提出了一种基于Log-Gabor小波和分数阶多项式核主成分分析(KPCA)的火焰图像状态识别方法。方法 首先利用Log-Gabor滤波器组对火焰图像进行滤波,提取滤波后图像的均值和标准差,并构成纹理特征向量。然后使用分数阶KPCA方法对纹理特征向量进行降维,并将降维后的纹理特征向量输入支持向量机进行分类。结果 本文与基于Log-Gabor小波特征提取以及2种基于Gabor小波特征提取的方法相比,本文方法的分类识别正确率更高,分类精度为76%。同时,第1主分量方差比重与核函数参数d之间满足递增关系。本文方法能够准确地提取火焰图像纹理特征。结论 本文提出一种对锅炉燃烧火焰图像进行状态识别的方法,对提取的火焰图像纹理特征向量进行降维并进行分类,可以获得较高的分类精度。实验结果表明,本文方法分类精度较高,运行时间较短,具有良好的实时性。     

基于主成分分析和K-means聚类的平行坐标可视化技术研究

为了解决多维数据的维数过高、数据量过大带来的平行坐标可视化图形线条密集交叠以及数据规律特征不易获取的问题,提出基于主成分分析和K-means聚类的平行坐标（PCAKP,principal component analysis and k-means clustering parallel coordinate）可视化方法。该方法首先对多维数据采用主成分分析方法进行降维处理,其次对降维后的数据采用K-means聚类处理,最后对聚类得到的数据采用平行坐标可视化技术进行可视化展示。以统计局网站发布的数据为测试数据,对PCAKP可视化方法进行测试,与传统平行坐标可视化图形进行对比,验证了PCAKP可视化方法的实用性和有效性。     

一种基于Gabor小波和2DPCA的掌纹识别改进算法

提出一种改进的基于Gabor小波变换和二维主分量分析2DPCA(2-Dimensional Principal component analysis)的掌纹识别。2DPCA克服了传统Gabor小波变换后直接进行主分量分析PCA(Principal component analysis)遇到的维数灾难问题,并且将PCA与Fisher线性判别FLD(Fisher Linear Discriminate)结合起来,利用了以前仅用于降维的PCA特征和FLD特征相融合进行掌纹识别。基于PolyU掌纹库的实验结果表明,该方法不仅有更高的识别率,而且维数更低。     

Modulated Hebb-Oja learning Rule-a method for principal subspace analysis

This paper presents analysis of the recently proposed modulated Hebb-Oja (MHO) method that performs linear mapping to a lower-dimensional subspace. Principal component subspace is the method that will be analyzed. Comparing to some other well-known methods for yielding principal component subspace (e.g., Oja's Subspace Learning Algorithm), the proposed method has one feature that could be seen as desirable from the biological point of view-synaptic efficacy learning rule does not need the explicit information about the value of the other efficacies to make individual efficacy modification. Also, the simplicity of the "neural circuits" that perform global computations and a fact that their number does not depend on the number of input and output neurons, could be seen as good features of the proposed method.     

NBSOM: The naive Bayes self-organizing map

The naive Bayes model has proven to be a simple yet effective model, which is very popular for pattern recognition applications such as data classification and clustering. This paper explores the possibility of using this model for multidimensional data visualization. To achieve this, a new learning algorithm called naive Bayes self-organizing map (NBSOM) is proposed to enable the naive Bayes model to perform topographic mappings. The training is carried out by means of an online expectation maximization algorithm with a self-organizing principle. The proposed method is compared with principal component analysis, self-organizing maps, and generative topographic mapping on two benchmark data sets and a real-world image processing application. Overall, the results show the effectiveness of NBSOM for multidimensional data visualization.     

二维Gabor特征与三维NP-3DHOG特征融合的人脸识别算法

基于二维图像的人脸识别算法提取人脸纹理特征进行识别,但是光照、表情、人脸姿态等会对其产生不利影响。三维人脸特征能更精确地描述人脸的几何结构,并且不易受化妆和光照的影响,但只采用三维人脸数据进行人脸识别又缺少人脸纹理信息,因此文中将二维人脸特征与三维人脸特征相融合进行人脸识别。采用基于Gabor变换的二维特征与基于新的分块策略的三维梯度直方图特征相融合的算法进行人脸识别。首先,提取二维人脸的Gabor特征;然后,提取三维人脸基于新的分块策略的三维梯度直方图特征,旨在提取人脸的可辨别性特征;接下来,对二维人脸特征与三维人脸特征分别使用线性判别分析子空间算法进行训练,并使用加法原则融合两种特征的相似度矩阵;最后,输出识别结果。     

基于Gabor小波变换和最佳鉴别特征的掌纹识别

提出了一种提取掌纹图像特征的方法,该方法的实现过程如下：首先,计算掌纹图像上均布离散位置的二维Gabor小波变换系数的幅值,将其作为掌纹图像的原始特征;其次,利用主分量分析实现Gabor小波特征的降维;最后,通过线性判别分析提取最有利于分类的最佳鉴别特征。实验结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于Gabor滤波特征和支持向量机的人脸检测

人脸检测是人脸识别与图像及视频检索的一项重要任务。论文提出了一种基于Gabor滤波特征和支持向量机的正面人脸检测方法。算法首先利用了Gabor滤波器的良好的空间位置与方向的选择特性,采用了四种方向的Gabor滤波器提取人脸样本图像特征并用PCA方法对特征降维,然后用已降维的特征训练支持向量机分类器。最后应用SVM分类检测人脸。实验结果证明该方法行是十分有效的。