响应面法优化无花果-仙人掌果酒的发酵工艺

该试验以无花果、仙人掌果为原料制备果酒,并研究复合果酒的最优发酵工艺。通过单因素试验及响应面试验,探讨了酵母接种量、发酵温度、初始pH值、初始糖度、发酵时间对无花果-仙人掌果酒发酵产酒精量的影响。结果表明,最佳发酵条件为仙人掌果∶无花果=1∶2,酵母接种量0.04%,发酵温度25 ℃,初始pH值3.40,初始糖度20 °Bx,发酵时间7 d,在此优化条件下,制得无花果-仙人掌果酒的酒精度为11.01%vol,感官评分为97分,总花青素含量为50.68 mg/100 mL。果酒鲜艳紫红,酒体清澈,具有浓郁的果香和醇厚的口感。     

枇杷果酒酿造工艺研究

以枇杷鲜果为原料，采用对比试验和正交试验，探讨液态发酵法酿造枇杷果酒的生产工艺。结果表明，该果酒的优化酿造工艺条件为：枇杷果汁糖度调整至20％，果酒酵母接种量0．2％，SO2添加量50mg／L，发酵醪液初始pH为3．6，主发酵温度28℃，主发酵时间12～14d，后发酵温度20～25℃，后发酵时间15～20d，陈酿90d以上，用0．5g／L的皂土进行澄清处理。酿制的枇杷果酒色泽淡黄，清亮透明，枇杷果香馥郁，酒体完整，典型性突出，     

低度石榴果酒的生产工艺

以石榴为原料、酵母为发酵菌种，采用石榴果全汁低温发酵，主发酵温度26～28℃，发酵时间4～5d；后酵温度18～22℃，发酵时间20～25d。酿制出的石榴果酒酒体呈桃红色，清亮透明，香气优雅纯正，酒香浓郁，口感醇正，酒精度低，营养丰富，具有饮用滋补双重作用。（孙悟）     

发酵型无花果果酒加工工艺的研究

以无花果为试验试材,通过单因素试验和正交试验,研究了发酵温度、发酵时间、初始发酵pH以及酵母接种量对无花果酒发酵的影响,优化了无花果酒液态发酵工艺,得出最佳工艺条件为:选择葡萄酒用高活性干酵母酿造,接种量为0.04%(质量分数),pH为3.5,在25℃的恒温培养箱内培养7d,最终测得酒精含量为9.24%。     

运用现代生物技术开发桑椹红酒

桑椹，又名桑果，为多年生木本植物桑树的果实，含有丰富的营养物质。以安琪W-ADY活性干酵母作为发酵菌种；主要工艺参数：果汁升温至90℃保持数分钟，快速冷却至25℃接种；25～28℃发酵，前发酵期7d，后发酵20～25d；下胶温度8～25℃。发酵过程表明。发酵温度对杂醇油含量的影响不大，但发酵汁水分和厌氧条件对杂醇油的生成有很大关系。产品的最终结果符合GB2758-81发酵酒国家标准和Q／CJS03-2003桑果酒企业标准。(孙悟)     

响应面法优化牡蛎多糖低醇无花果酒发酵工艺

以山东荣成青皮无花果为原料,添加牡蛎多糖,制备低醇无花果酒。采用单因素试验及响应面试验设计,探究发酵时间、初始糖度、酵母菌接种量、牡蛎多糖添加量、发酵温度对其酒精度和感官评分的影响,并优化牡蛎多糖低醇无花果酒发酵工艺。结果表明,最佳发酵工艺为：发酵温度25℃,发酵时间7 d,初始糖度17°Bx,pH 3.50,酵母菌接种量0.05%,牡蛎多糖添加量0.3%。在此优化条件下,牡蛎多糖低醇无花果酒酒精度为7.17%vol,牛磺酸含量为482 mg/L,Zn含量为13.3 mg/L,感官评分为94.2分。     

玉米须水芹酒酿造工艺优化

以玉米须与水芹为主要原料,选用酿酒酵母作为发酵菌种,按比例进行混合发酵,考察玉米须水芹酒最佳酿造工艺。以酒精度和感官评分为检测指标,运用单因素试验和Box-Behnken 中心组合试验优化发酵条件,对水芹汁与玉米须汁的体积比、菌种添加量、发酵时间以及发酵温度进行控制,得到最佳的发酵工艺条件为水芹汁∶玉米须汁=1 ∶2（体积比）、菌种添加量0.6%、发酵时间11 d、发酵温度25 ℃。在该条件下得到的玉米须水芹酒呈淡黄色透明状,酒香醇厚,酒体柔和,且具有一定的抗氧化能力。     

生物降酸生产笃斯越桔全汁酒的研究

以笃斯越桔为原料,采用粟酒裂殖酵母降酸生产全汁越桔酒,通过正交实验确定酒精发酵的最佳条件为:发酵温度28℃.发酵时间为5d,酵母添加量0.5%.生物降酸的最佳发酵条件为:粟酒裂殖酵母接种量5%,发酵温度25℃,发酵时间4d.澄清剂的最佳使用量为:明胶200me/L和皂土2000mg/L澄清效果最佳.     

发酵型无花果酒酿造工艺研究

对无花果酒酿造工艺、操作要点进行了研究。结果表明：在糖浓度为20％-22％的无花果清汁中加入60mg/L～90mg／L的SO2，接入5g／L-7g／L葡萄酒活性干酵母，20℃发酵14d；可以使发酵彻底，原酒残糖量低，酒精度最高可达11．2％（v／v）；同时既可以保证酒质，也不会延长发酵时间。     

枇杷果醋及其饮料的研制

以枇杷鲜果为原料，通过对比试验和正交试验，确定生产工艺和枇杷果醋饮料的原料优化配比。结果表明，酿造工艺条件为枇杷果汁糖度调整至14％，接入0．3％酒用活化酵母，酒精发酵温度28℃～32℃，酒精发酵时间约8d；枇杷酒液酒精度调整至7％，接入10％醋酸菌，醋酸发酵温度36℃～38℃，醋酸发酵时间约10d。枇杷果醋饮料调制的优化参数为酸度5．5％的枇杷果醋8．0％，枇杷果汁15％，蜂蜜7．0％，有机酸（柠檬酸：苹果酸=2：1）0．08％，在25MPa压力下均质处理。酿制的枇杷果醋具有食醋清香和枇杷果香，酸味柔和，风味独特：调制的枇杷果醋饮料澄清透明，酸甜爽口，枇杷果香浓郁。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.