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Zhaokun Ding Yongqiang Liu Jinhua Han Xiaoli Liu Yimin Zheng Weifeng Li Youqing Xu 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2021,123(1):2000207
This study aims to investigate the effect of different dietary lipid levels on the growth performance, fatty acids and their relative enzymes, and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), leptin, and adiponectin genes in juvenile genetic improvement farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). Six groups of the juveniles with 40 d of age in triplicate are fed for 90 d using six iso-nitrogen (34 g/100 g dietary protein) diets with different lipid levels: 0.35 (control), 3.35, 6.35, 9.35, 12.35, and 15.35 g/100 g adjusted by adding fish oil. It is concluded that the greatest effect is found in the diet with 9.35 g/100 g of lipid, which is the optimal dietary lipid in the experiment and can be applied in developing the optimal diet for juvenile GIFT tilapia to promote the development of tilapia aquaculture industry. Practical Applications: It is found that the diets with lipid supplementation can significantly influence the expression of PPARα, leptin, and adiponectin genes of juvenile GIFT tilapia and recognized that dietary lipid supplementation can significantly affect their growth performance, fatty acids, and relative enzymes. The greatest effect is found in the diet with 9.35 g/100 g of lipid, which is the optimal dietary lipid in the experiment. The findings can be applied in developing the optimal diet for juvenile GIFT tilapia, which will promote considerably the development of tilapia aquaculture industry. 相似文献
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Dong Li Qinghui Xiong Jin Peng Bin Hu Wanzhen Li Yizhun Zhu Xiaoyan Shen 《International journal of molecular sciences》2016,17(5)
ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) plays a key role in atherogenesis. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gasotransmitter, has been reported to play an anti-atherosclerotic role. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study we examined whether and how H2S regulates ABCA1 expression. The effect of H2S on ABCA1 expression and lipid metabolism were assessed in vitro by cultured human hepatoma cell line HepG2, and in vivo by ApoE−/− mice with a high-cholesterol diet. NaHS (an exogenous H2S donor) treatment significantly increased the expression of ABCA1, ApoA1, and ApoA2 and ameliorated intracellular lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Depletion of the endogenous H2S generator cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) by small RNA interference (siRNA) significantly decreased the expression of ABCA1 and resulted in the accumulation of lipids in HepG2 cells. In vivo NaHS treatment significantly reduced the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL), diminished atherosclerotic plaque size, and increased hepatic ABCA1 expression in fat-fed ApoE−/− mice. Further study revealed that NaHS upregulated ABCA1 expression by promoting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) nuclear translocation. H2S up-regulates the expression of ABCA1 by promoting the nuclear translocation of PPARα, providing a fundamental mechanism for the anti-atherogenic activity of H2S. H2S may be a promising potential drug candidate for the treatment of atherosclerosis. 相似文献
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Free Fatty Acids Increase Intracellular Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress by Modulating PPARα and SREBP-1c in L-02 Cells 下载免费PDF全文
Excessive fat accumulation and increased oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanisms underlying the development of steatosis are not entirely understood. The present study was undertaken to establish an experimental model of hepatocellular steatosis with a fat overaccumulation profile in which the effects of oxidative stress could be studied in L‐02 cells. We investigated the effects of free fatty acids (FFA) (palmitate:oleate, 1:2) on lipid accumulation and oxidative stress and their possible mechanisms in L‐02 cells. High concentrations of fatty acids significantly induced excessive lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in L‐02 cells, which could only be reversed with 50 μΜ WY14643 (the PPARα agonist). Immunoblotting and qPCR analyses revealed that FFA downregulated the expression of proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPARα), which contributed to the increased activation of sterol regulatory element binding protein‐1c (SREBP‐1c). These results suggest that FFA induce lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in L‐02 cells by upregulating SREBP‐1c expression through the suppression of PPARα. 相似文献
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Dietz M Mohr P Kuhn B Maerki HP Hartman P Ruf A Benz J Grether U Wright MB 《ChemMedChem》2012,7(6):1101-1111
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a family of nuclear hormone receptors that control the expression of genes involved in a variety of physiologic processes, through heterodimerization with retinoid X receptor and complex formation with various cofactors. Drugs or treatment regimens that combine the beneficial effects of PPARα and γ agonism present an attractive therapeutic strategy to reduce cardiovascular risk factors. Aleglitazar is a dual PPARα/γ agonist currently in phase III clinical development for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who recently experienced an acute coronary event. The potency and efficacy of aleglitazar was evaluated in a head-to-head comparison with other PPARα, γ and δ ligands. A comprehensive, 12-concentration dose-response analysis using a cell-based assay showed aleglitazar to be highly potent, with EC(50) values of 5 nM and 9 nM for PPARα and PPARγ, respectively. Cofactor recruitment profiles confirmed that aleglitazar is a potent and balanced activator of PPARα and γ. The efficacy and potency of aleglitazar are discussed in relation to other dual PPARα/γ agonists, in context with the published X-ray crystal structures of both PPARα and γ. 相似文献
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Cristiana Tanase Ana Maria Enciu Elena Codrici Ionela Daniela Popescu Maria Dudau Ana Maria Dobri Sevinci Pop Simona Mihai Ancua-Augustina Gheorghian-Gleanu Mihail Eugen Hinescu 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(2)
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive tumors of the central nervous system, characterized by a wide range of inter- and intratumor heterogeneity. Accumulation of fatty acids (FA) metabolites was associated with a low survival rate in high-grade glioma patients. The diversity of brain lipids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), is greater than in all other organs and several classes of proteins, such as FA transport proteins (FATPs), and FA translocases are considered principal candidates for PUFAs transport through BBB and delivery of PUFAs to brain cells. Among these, the CD36 FA translocase promotes long-chain FA uptake as well as oxidated lipoproteins. Moreover, CD36 binds and recognizes thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), an extracellular matrix protein that was shown to play a multifaceted role in cancer as part of the tumor microenvironment. Effects on tumor cells are mediated by TSP-1 through the interaction with CD36 as well as CD47, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. TSP-1/CD47 interactions have an important role in the modulation of glioma cell invasion and angiogenesis in GBM. Separately, FA, the two membrane receptors CD36, CD47, and their joint ligand TSP-1 all play a part in GBM pathogenesis. The last research has put in light their interconnection/interrelationship in order to exert a cumulative effect in the modulation of the GBM molecular network. 相似文献
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Yuan Zhao Guixin Qin Rui Han Jun Wang Xiaodong Zhang Dandan Liu 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(2):1915-1926
Soybean allergy presents a health threat to humans and animals. The mechanism by which food/feed allergen β-conglycinin injures the intestinal barrier has not been well understood. In this study, the changes of epithelial permeability, integrity, metabolic activity, the tight junction (TJ) distribution and expression induced by β-conglycinin were evaluated using IPEC-J2 model. The results showed a significant decrease of trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) (p < 0.001) and metabolic activity (p < 0.001) and a remarkable increase of alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity (p < 0.001) in a dose-dependent manner. The expression levels of tight junction occludin and ZO-1 were decreased (p < 0.05). The reduced fluorescence of targets and change of cellular morphology were recorded. The tight junction occludin and ZO-1 mRNA expression linearly declined with increasing β-conglycinin (p < 0.001). 相似文献
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Parthiban Siwayanan Zhen Hong Ban Xinchi Zhang Anupreetha Parthiban 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2021,24(3):385-399
α-Sulfo fatty methyl ester sulfonate (α-MES) is one of the anionic surfactants that is currently used commercially in the cleaning industry. Although the fundamental studies on α-MES were initiated as far back as the 1950s, it was only recognized as a class of surfactant in the 1980s. In the initial stage of development, α-MES has been associated with many technical impediments, which created a fear factor for the detergent industry to consider this oleo-based anionic surfactant for commercial production. However, all the technical adversities have been resolved after five decades of continuous active research and development activities. This paper will review the history, chemistry, process development, processing technologies, performance, commercial production, and applications of oleo-based based α-MES with special emphasis on palm oil-based α-MES. The paper also will highlight the challenges and adversities faced by the technology developers and product formulators toward the commercialization of α-MES as an active ingredient in the production of powder and liquid laundry detergents. 相似文献
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Karine Pinel Ccile Heraud Guillaume Morin Karine Dias Annaëlle Marc Linda Beauclair Stphanie Fontagn-Dicharry Karthik Masagounder Martina Klünemann Iban Seiliez Florian Beaumatin 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(6)
The replacement of fishmeal by plant proteins in aquafeeds imposes the use of synthetic methionine (MET) sources to balance the amino acid composition of alternative diets and so to meet the metabolic needs of fish of agronomic interest such as rainbow trout (RT-Oncorhynchus mykiss). Nonetheless, debates still exist to determine if one MET source is more efficiently used than another by fish. To address this question, the use of fish cell lines appeared a convenient strategy, since it allowed to perfectly control cell growing conditions notably by fully depleting MET from the media and studying which MET source is capable to restore cell growth/proliferation and metabolism when supplemented back. Thus, results of cell proliferation assays, Western blots, RT-qPCR and liquid chromatography analyses from two RT liver-derived cell lines revealed a better absorption and metabolization of DL-MET than DL-Methionine Hydroxy Analog (MHA) with the activation of the mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway for DL-MET and the activation of integrated stress response (ISR) pathway for MHA. Altogether, the results clearly allow to conclude that both synthetic MET sources are not biologically equivalent, suggesting similar in vivo effects in RT liver and, therefore, questioning the MHA efficiencies in other RT tissues. 相似文献
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Thounaojam MC Jadeja RN Ramani UV Devkar RV Ramachandran AV 《International journal of molecular sciences》2011,12(7):4661-4677
Sida rhomboidea. Roxb leaf extract (SRLE) is being used by the populace of North-East India to alleviate symptoms of diabetes and obesity. We have previously reported its hypolipidemic and anti-diabetic properties. In this study, we report the effect of SRLE on (i) in vivo modulation of genes controlling high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity and (ii) in vitro 3T3L1 pre-adipocyte differentiation and leptin release. Supplementation with SRLE significantly prevented HFD induced increment in bodyweight, plasma lipids and leptin, visceral adiposity and adipocyte hypertrophy. Also, SRLE supplementation reduced food intake, down regulated PPARγ2, SREBP1c, FAS and LEP expressions and up-regulated CPT-1 in epididymal adipose tissue compared to obese mice. In vitro adipogenesis of 3T3L1 pre-adipocytes was significantly retarded in the presence of SRLE extract. Also decreased triglyceride accumulation, leptin release and glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate dehydrogenase activity along with higher glycerol release without significant alteration of viability of 3T3L1 pre-adipocytes, was recorded. Our findings suggest that prevention of HFD induced visceral adiposity is primarily by down regulation of PPARγ2 and leptin gene expression coupled with attenuation of food intake in C57BL/6J mice. SRLE induced prevention of pre-adipocytes differentiation, and leptin release further substantiated these findings and scientifically validates the potential application of SRLE as a therapeutic agent against obesity. 相似文献
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Hong-Jai Park Hyeon-Soo Park Jae-Ung Lee Alfred L. M. Bothwell Je-Min Choi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2016,17(8)
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has recently been recognized to regulate adaptive immunity through Th17 differentiation, Treg functions, and TFH responses. However, its role in adaptive immunity and autoimmune disease is still not clear, possibly due to sexual differences. Here, we investigated in vitro treatment study with the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone to compare Th1, Th2, and Th17 differentiation in male and female mouse splenic T cells. Pioglitazone treatment significantly inhibited various effector T cell differentiations including Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells from female naïve T cells, but it selectively reduced IL-17 production in male Th17 differentiation. Interestingly, pioglitazone and estradiol (E2) co-treatment of T cells in males inhibited differentiation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, suggesting a mechanism for the greater sensitivity of PPARγ to ligand treatment in the regulation of effector T cell differentiation in females. Collectively, these results demonstrate that PPARγ selectively inhibits Th17 differentiation only in male T cells and modulates Th1, Th2, and Th17 differentiation in female T cells based on different level of estrogen exposure. Accordingly, PPARγ could be an important immune regulator of sexual differences in adaptive immunity. 相似文献
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<Emphasis Type="Italic">Trans</Emphasis> Fatty Acids Suppress TNF-α-Induced Inflammatory Gene Expression in Endothelial (HUVEC) and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells 下载免费PDF全文
Marine S. Da Silva Pierre Julien Jean-François Bilodeau Olivier Barbier Iwona Rudkowska 《Lipids》2017,52(4):315-325
Trans fatty acids (TFA) intake has been linked to cardiovascular diseases and liver diseases; yet the effect of TFA on inflammation remains controversial. Accordingly, the objective of this paper was to determine the in vitro effects of TFA on inflammatory gene expression. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells were treated for 24 h with either trans-vaccenic acid (tVA), trans-palmitoleic acid (tPA) or elaidic acid (EA) at concentrations of 5–150 µM, or with a mixture of tVA and tPA (150/50 µM). All TFA were highly incorporated into cell membranes, as determined by gas chromatography, representing 15–20% of total fatty acids in HUVEC and 3–8% in HepG2 cells. Incorporation of EA, a common industrial TFA, increased the ratio of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD-1), a key enzyme involved in fatty acid metabolism. Ruminant TFA, including tVA, tPA and the mixture of tVA and tPA, significantly reduced the TNF-α-induced gene expression of TNF, VCAM-1 and SOD2 in HUVEC, as well as TNF and IL-8 in HepG2 cells. EA also decreased inflammatory gene expression in HUVEC, but not in HepG2 cells. The inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ did not influence the effects of TFA on gene expression. Overall, physiological and supraphysiological concentrations of TFA, especially tVA and tPA, prevented inflammatory gene expression in vitro. This effect is independent of PPAR-γ activation and may be due to an alteration of fatty acid metabolism in cell membranes caused by the high incorporation of TFA. 相似文献
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Fritsche K 《Lipids》2007,42(11):961-979
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are noted for their ability to diminish inflammatory and immune responses in
vitro and in a variety of animal-based models of autoimmunity and inflammation. Yet, recent systematic reviews suggest that
the evidence for these fatty acids having beneficial effects on inflammation or autoimmunity in humans is equivocal. A possible
explanation for these disappointing and somewhat paradoxical findings emerged from the analyses described in this review.
The available data on the changes in immune cell fatty acid profiles in mice, rats and humans, fed various forms and amounts
of n-3 PUFA are summarized and displayed graphically. The dose–response curves generated provide new insights into the relationship
between dietary n-3 PUFA and immune cell fatty acid profiles. The author suggests that the poor predictive value of most in
vitro as well as many animal trials may, in part, be a consequence of the frequent adoption of experimental conditions that
create differences in immune cell fatty acid profiles that far exceed what is possible in free-living humans through dietary
intervention. Recommendations for improving the preclinical value of future in vitro and animal-based studies with n-3 PUFA
are provided. 相似文献
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Simon Straß Anna Schwamborn Manuel Keppler Natascha Cloos Jamil Guezguez Jan-Hinrich Guse Michael Burnet Prof. Stefan Laufer 《ChemMedChem》2021,16(14):2254-2269
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have a range of effects in metabolism and immune regulation. We have observed that delivery of SCFAs to lysosomes has potent immune regulatory effects, possibly as a surrogate signal for the presence of anaerobic organisms. To better understand the pharmacology of lysosomal SCFA donors, we investigated the distribution and metabolism of propionate and butyrate donors. Each analog ( 1 a and 2 a ) can donate three SCFA equivalents via ester hydrolysis through six intermediate metabolites. The compounds are stabilized by low pH, and stability in cells is usually higher than in medium, but is cell-type specific. Butyrate derivatives were found to be more stable than propionates. Tri-esters were more stable than di- or mono-esters. The donors were surprisingly stable in vivo, and hydrolysis of each position was organ specific. Jejunum and liver caused rapid loss of 4’’ esters. The gut metabolite pattern by i. v. differed from that of p.o. application, suggesting luminal and apical enzyme effects in the gut epithelium. Central organs could de-esterify the 11-position. Levels in lung relative to other organs were higher by p.o. than via i. v., suggesting that delivery route can influence the observed pharmacology and that gut metabolites distribute differently. The donors were largely eliminated by 24 h, following near linear decline in organs. The observed levels and distribution were found to be consistent with pharmacodynamic effects, particularly in the gut. 相似文献
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Dietary supplements of olive oil (OO) or fish oil (FO) during the first (G1: day 1–60) or second half of gestation (G2: day
60 to term, day 115) were offered to pregnant sows. The proportion of fatty acids in milk and plasma were determined by gas
chromatography. When supplements were given during G1, the proportions of oleic acid (OA) and arachidonic acid (AA) in the
plasma were higher in the OO group than in the FO group, whereas docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was higher in the latter group
at day 56 of gestation. These differences in plasma DHA were still apparent at day 7 of lactation. Similarly, DHA was also
higher in the colostrum and milk on days 3 and 21 of lactation and in the plasma of piglets from FO dams compared to the OO
group, whereas AA was lower. When the FO supplement was given during G2, AA was lower and DHA higher in the plasma at day
105 of gestation and at day 7 of lactation compared with the OO group. Likewise, DHA was greater in FO than in OO animals
during lactation in colostrum and in milk on days 3 and 21 of lactation, and in 3-day old suckling piglets plasma, whereas
AA was lower in these animals. Thus, maternal adipose tissue plays an important role in the storage of dietary long-chain
polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) during G1. They are mobilized around parturition for milk synthesis, and an excess of
dietary n-3 LCPUFA decreases the availability of AA in suckling newborns. 相似文献
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Pituitary apoplexy is a clinical syndrome with unknown pathogenesis. Therefore, identifying the underlying mechanisms is of high clinical relevance. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a critical cytokine mediating various hemorrhagic events, but little is known about its involvement in pituitary apoplexy. Here we show that TNF-α may be an important regulator of hemorrhagic transformation in pituitary adenomas. In this study, sixty surgical specimens of hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic human pituitary adenomas were examined. Hemorrhagic pituitary adenomas displayed higher protein and mRNA levels of TNF-α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) compared with those of non-hemorrhagic tumors. Exposure of MMQ pituitary adenoma cells to TNF-α induced VEGF and MMP-9 expression in vitro. Additionally, TNF-α administration caused hemorrhagic transformation and enhanced VEGF and MMP-9 expression in MMQ pituitary adenoma cell xenografts in mice. Blockers of VEGF or MMP-9, either alone or in combination, attenuated but not abrogated TNF-α mediated hemorrhagic transformation in xenografts. This study suggests that TNF-α may play a role in the development of intratumoral hemorrhage in pituitary adenomas via up-regulation of VEGF and MMP-9. 相似文献