口腔黏膜脱落细胞数量对口腔癌风险指数预测准确性的影响

目的 探讨不同口腔黏膜脱落细胞数量对预测口腔癌风险指数准确性的影响，为口腔黏膜脱落细胞检查刷取样本的标准提供依据。方法 纳入口腔白斑患者、口腔癌患者各12例，正常对照组12例，刷取病损或正常部位口腔黏膜脱落细胞，Feulgen染色，获取DNA指数，随机抽取500、1000、2000、4000、6000、8000、10000个细胞，每例样本重复随机抽取7次，分别计算口腔癌风险指数。结果 正常对照组中，各组口腔癌风险指数均在0.1附近，无统计学差异。口腔白斑组中，有8例样本细胞数量对口腔癌风险指数结果没有影响，4例样本出现轻度影响。12例样本中500～8000个细胞数各组的口腔癌风险指数与10000个细胞数组比较，均无统计学差异。在口腔癌组中，细胞数量对口腔癌风险指数影响较大，具有显著统计学差异（P <0.01），其中4000、6000及8000个细胞数组口腔癌风险指数与变异系数10000个细胞数组比较没有统计学差异。结论 口腔白斑伴异常增生样本，脱落细胞数量对口腔癌风险指数有一定影响。对于口腔癌样本，至少需要刷取4000个脱落细胞才能获得准确的口腔癌风险指数。     

老年口腔癌患者合并系统性疾病的治疗体会

目的：探讨老年口腔癌患者合并系统性疾病的特点及治疗体会。方法：收集本院口腔颁而外科经冶的老年口腔患者59例，对其合并系统性疾病及围手术期处理，进行回顾性分析。结果：经围手术期处理后，58例患者安全渡过围手术期，完成口腔癌的手术治疗。结论：积极处理纠正老年口腔癌患者的合并症，提高手术耐受力，加强术后的监测和护理，合并系统性疾病老年口腔痛患者可取得满意的治疗效果。     

光动力治疗口腔黏膜癌及癌前病变的临床进展

口腔癌是发生在口腔的恶性肿瘤之总称,严重影响人类生命和生活,发病率高,致残率和病死率高.许多口腔癌由癌前病变发展而来,最常见的是口腔黏膜白斑、扁平苔藓等.目前针对口腔癌一线治疗方案分为:手术切除、放射线治疗、化学治疗以及联合治疗.特别是高龄口腔癌症患者,传统治疗尚有一定的局限性和毒副作用.针对癌前病变常用药物和手术治疗...     

汉语普通话腭裂语音数据库的搭建与应用

目的 收集腭裂患者语音样本,统一进行归类标注、分级、整理后建立汉语普通话腭裂语音数据库,对于高鼻音乃至腭裂语音的诊断、临床教学、腭裂专业语音师的规范培训以及腭裂语音相关的科研工作建立基础。方法 收集2016年5月—2018年3月四川大学华西口腔医院语音治疗中心的患者与志愿者共768人,按照汉语普通话标准评估材料,收集语音样本,对所有的语音样本进行切分和按照高鼻音等级分类,整理后放入四川大学华西口腔医院唇腭裂生物信息数据库平台。结果 数据库纳入被采集者共768人,其中儿童456人（男227,女229）,成人312人（其中男178,女134）,正常共鸣369人,轻度高鼻音155人,中度高鼻音102人,重度高鼻音142人。包括64 512个词语、24 576个音素、7 680个数字,完成汉语普通话语音高鼻音数据库的搭建。结论 本研究首次建立了针对汉语普通话腭裂高鼻音数据库,已经为多项语音信号研究提供了源数据,并投入临床教学,未来对于汉语普通话腭裂患者的诊断教学以及相关科研活动有着重要的帮助和指导作用。     

前臂皮瓣与胸大肌皮瓣在口腔癌手术缺损修复中的应用

目的:观察前臂皮瓣和胸大肌皮瓣修复口腔癌手术缺损的治疗效果。方法:30例口腔癌患者在常规联合根治术后,随机分为A、B组,每组15例。A组采用前臂桡侧皮瓣游离移植同期修复口腔癌术后口腔颌面部缺损,B组采用胸大肌皮瓣同期修复口腔癌术后口腔颌面部组织缺损;对比两组的修复效果。结果:A组13例(86.67%)前臂皮瓣顺利成活,B组皮瓣成活率100%。A组中有6例患者虎口感觉消失、4例患者供区颜色极深或极浅;B组中有4例女性患者术后两侧乳房不对称。结论:前臂皮瓣和胸大肌皮瓣修复口腔癌手术缺损均具有较高的成功率,两种皮瓣均适用于口腔癌手术缺损修复。     

额部岛状瓣在老年口腔癌术后缺损修复重建中的应用

目的:探讨额部岛状瓣在老年口腔癌术后缺损修复重建中的应用价值.方法:对13例老年口腔癌患者施行根治性手术,同期用额部岛状瓣行术后缺损重建.其中,8例额瓣经颧弓下进入口腔,5例经颧弓外侧转移进入口腔,分别修复颊部、舌部、磨牙后区和口底黏膜区组织缺损,重建口腔功能.结果:13例皮瓣均全部成活,修复区形态及功能良好.前额部供区缺损游离移植皮片全部成活,但植皮区皮肤移动度稍差,术后1年皮片色泽接近正常,额部畸形不明显.随访6个月～2a,未见复发和转移.结论:额部岛状瓣适合于老年口腔癌术后组织缺损的修复重建,尤其是面积较大的组织缺损.     

4种评分系统判断口腔癌患者术后气管切开需求的准确性评价

目的:比较Kruse评分、Cameron评分、CASST评分、TRACHY评分判断口腔癌患者术后气管切开需求的效能.方法:回顾性分析2017年12月—2021年7月南京医科大学第一附属医院口腔颌面外科收治的口腔癌患者的临床资料.将临床资料转换为各评分系统得分,根据推荐阈值进行计算评估.绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),...     

576例口腔癌患者的流行病危险因素研究

目的:研究口腔癌发病危险因素。方法:利用第四军医大学口腔医院临床数据库中口腔癌患者的基本信息,针对性别、年龄、吸烟嗜好、生活环境、病理和早晚期等因素进行统计分析。结果:在2007～2009年来口腔医院就诊的576例患者中,发现农村患者的平均年龄明显小于城市患者;鳞癌患者的吸烟比例远高于腺癌患者;晚期患者的吸烟比例高于早期患者。结论:吸烟嗜好和老年是口腔鳞癌发病的风险因素。     

FACT-H&N用于口腔鳞癌患者生存质量测量的效果评价

目的:分析FACT-H&N第4 版用于口腔鳞癌患者生存质量(quality of life, QOL)测量的效果.方法:采用FACT-H&N对97 例确诊为口腔鳞癌的连续患者进行QOL的测量,分析量表的信度、效度和反映度.结果:量表5 个领域的内部一致性系数为0.51～0.81,分半信度为0.83;36 个条目可提取9 个因子,累计方差贡献率为60.5%;量表能敏感的区分已知的2 组口腔癌患者术前QOL的差异及口腔癌患者QOL随时间的变化.结论:FACT-H&N用于国人口腔癌患者生存质量的测量具有较好的信度、效度和反应度,其构建结构合理,值得在临床上推广使用.     

口腔癌患者的口腔健康保健

口腔癌及其治疗会影响患者的口腔健康，使其易罹患龋齿、口腔机会感染、放射性口炎等疾病。因此，口腔癌患者应该注重口腔健康，采取相应的措施防治相关疾病。本文就口腔癌患者预防和治疗龋齿、口腔机会感染和放射性口炎的研究进展作一综述。     

早期系统化康复训练在口腔癌术后游离皮瓣修复患者中应用效果的meta分析

目的:系统评价早期系统化康复训练在口腔癌根治伴游离皮瓣修复术后患者中的应用效果。方法:计算机检索Cochrane Library、Web of Science、PubMed、Embase等英文数据库以及中国知网、维普和万方等中文数据库,获取国内外关于早期系统化康复训练在口腔癌根治术后患者中应用的随机对照试验。由2名研究者按照纳入和排除标准筛选文献并提取资料,参考Cochrane Handbook 5.1质量评价标准进行文献质量评价,使用Review Manager 5.3软件进行meta分析。结果:共纳入12篇符合标准的文献,meta分析结果显示,试验组术后2周洼田饮水试验评分显著低于对照组[SMD=-1.22,95%CI（-1.55,-0.90）,Z=7.41,P<0.001],试验组术后语言清晰度有效率显著优于对照组[RR=1.44,95%CI（1.16,1.78）,Z=3.33,P<0.001],试验组术后3个月、6个月语音清晰度评分显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义[MD=13.01,95%CI（6.78,19.24）,Z=4.09,P<0.001;MD=7.90,95%CI（3.19,12.61）,Z=3.29,P<0.01]。结论:早期系统化康复训练有助于口腔癌切除伴游离皮瓣修复术后患者吞咽功能和语音功能的恢复。     

SPEECH EVALUATION WITH AND WITHOUT PALATAL OBTURATOR IN PATIENTS SUBMITTED TO MAXILLECTOMY

Most patients who have undergone resection of the maxillae due to benign or malignant tumors in the palatomaxillary region present with speech and swallowing disorders. Coupling of the oral and nasal cavities increases nasal resonance, resulting in hypernasality and unintelligible speech. Prosthodontic rehabilitation of maxillary resections with effective separation of the oral and nasal cavities can improve speech and esthetics, and assist the psychosocial adjustment of the patient as well. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the palatal obturator prosthesis on speech intelligibility and resonance of 23 patients with age ranging from 18 to 83 years (Mean = 49.5 years), who had undergone inframedial-structural maxillectomy. The patients were requested to count from 1 to 20, to repeat 21 words and to spontaneously speak for 15 seconds, once with and again without the prosthesis, for tape recording purposes. The resonance and speech intelligibility were judged by 5 speech language pathologists from the tape recordings samples. The results have shown that the majority of patients (82.6%) significantly improved their speech intelligibility, and 16 patients (69.9%) exhibited a significant hypernasality reduction with the obturator in place. The results of this study indicated that maxillary obturator prosthesis was efficient to improve the speech intelligibility and resonance in patients who had undergone maxillectomy.     

Malignant oral tumors in iran: ten-year analysis on patient and tumor characteristics of 1042 patients in Tehran

This study analyzed characteristics of oral cancer patients from Tehran, Iran, and their tumors. Data came from the patient records of 30 major hospitals in Tehran. Patients (n = 1042), diagnosed with invasive oral cancer in 1993-2003, were classified by primary tumor site according to ICD-10 (C00-C10). Data were analyzed separately for lip, oral cavity and salivary gland tumors. Statistical evaluation included chi and t-test. Of all cases, 59% were male. Age for all cases ranged from 6-103 years, mean age was 58.8 years (SD 16; median 62); 89% were older than 40. Tumor site breakdown was 65% oral cavity, 21% major salivary glands and 14% lip. A clear gender difference (P < 0.001) appeared regarding the primary tumor sites: women dominated in oral cavity cancers and men in lip cancers. The most common cancer site was the tongue (32%), accounting for 50% of the oral cavity cancers. Histologically, 88% of all oral cavity and lip cancers were squamous cell carcinomas, 10% of those were in age /= age 65. At the time of diagnosis, 59% of oral cavity cancers and 29% of lip cancers were at stage III or IV (P < 0.001). The results emphasize an urgent need for a national program focusing on early detection of oral cancers, including educational information addressed to oral health professionals.     

Role of structures in the masticator space in selecting patients with resectable T4b oral cancer: findings from a survival analysis

Oral squamous cell cancers involving the masticatory space are staged as unresectable cancers and their treatment is difficult. Curative treatment with extensive surgery followed by adjuvant therapy is one of the treatment options. In this retrospective study, the survival of 123 patients (93 with T4a cancers, 30 with T4b cancers), treated during the period August 2009 to August 2015, was evaluated. The majority had bucco-alveolar cancers (62.6%), were male (61.8%), and were tobacco users (76.4%). The select group of T4b oral cancer patients were treated with surgery, which included infratemporal fossa clearance in all 30 patients, followed by adjuvant therapy. The masseter was the most commonly involved masticatory muscle, and 24 patients had fewer than three involved structures. Free margins were obtained in 90.2% of cases; 41.5% of cases were node-positive. One hundred and four patients (84.6%) completed adjuvant treatment. The median follow-up was 42 months. For node-negative patients with T4a and T4b cancers, the 5-year overall survival was 59% and 50.2%, respectively (P =  0.62), and 5-year disease-free survival was 64.6% and 53.5%, respectively (P =  0.01). In conclusion, the select group of patients with T4b oral cancers and less than three masticatory space structures involved had comparable outcomes to those with T4a cancers after treatment with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy.     

Effects of high-frequency speech therapy on speech-related quality of life and objective speech intelligibility of oral cancer patients

To analyze objective and subjective progression of speech intelligibility in oral cancer patients undergoing high-frequency speech therapy during early rehabilitation.Oral cancer patients in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany, participated in the study from March 2016 to November 2017. Speech intelligibility was analyzed preoperatively (t1), post radiation (t2), and post speech therapy (t3). Objective measures were the Munich Intelligibility Profile (Online) and the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment-2 (FDA-2). Subjective measures were the Speech Handicap Index (SHI), the speech subscale of the EORTC QLQ-C30&HN35, and the WHO-5 Index II.For nine patients with complete data, progression analyses showed a non-existent-to-low intelligibility impairment at t1 (means/SDs: e.g. FDA-2: 8.96/0.11, SHI: 17.5/15.15), increasing towards t2 (means/SDs/p-values for difference from t1: e.g. FDA-2: 7.40/0.80/0.000, SHI: 21.7/14.24/0.213), and then decreasing towards t3, without ever reaching the initial level (means/SDs/p-values for difference from t1: e.g. FDA-2: 8.22/0.60/0.005, SHI: 23.5/15.85/0.481). The objective changes in intelligibility were significant; the subjective changes were not.Overall, the ability to speak intelligibly after oral cancer treatment follows a typical pattern. Therefore, high-frequency speech therapy in the early rehabilitation phase might be recommendable. It might help patients to adapt to their situation after surgery, and facilitates compensating for possible functional deficits.     

Effect of articulatory rehabilitation after oral cancer surgery on higher brain activation

The present study aimed to verify the importance of postoperative articulatory rehabilitation in patients with oral cancer and to clarify the neurological changes underlying articulatory functional recovery. A longitudinal assessment of oral function and accompanying brain activity was performed using non-invasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We assessed 13 patients with cancers of the tongue and oral floor before and after ablative surgery. Articulatory function was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively using a conversation intelligibility test and the Assessment of Motor Speech for Dysarthria test. Patients also performed a verbal task during fMRI scans. The assessments were then repeated after the patients had undergone 4–6 months of articulatory rehabilitation therapy. Compared to pretreatment levels, articulatory rehabilitation resulted in a significant increase in activation in the supplementary motor cortex, thalamus, and cingulate cortex. The present study offers a quantitative assessment of the effects of speech rehabilitation by investigating changes in brain activation sites.     

Epstein-Barr virus in tobacco-induced oral cancers and oral lesions in patients from India

D'Costa J, Saranath D, Sanghvi V, Mehta AR: Epstein-Barr virus in tobacco-induced oral cancers and oral lesions in patients from India. J Oral Pathol Med 1998; 27: 78–82. © Munksgaard, 1998.
We examined 103 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), 100 oral lesions consisting primarily of leukoplakia (82 cases), and 76 clinically normal mucosa specimens from the contralateral site in the oral cavity of individuals with oral lesions, for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify a 239 bp fragment of the BamHIL region of the EBV genome, followed by Southern blot hybridization with EBV oligonucleotide probe to increase further the specificity and sensitivity of the assay system. Since EBV seropositivity is frequent in populations, we also examined the peripheral blood cells (PBC) from 141 patients (50 oral cancer patients, 91 patients with oral lesions) for the presence of EBV We detected EBV in 25 of 103 (25%) OSCC, 13 of 100 (13%) oral lesions, 3 of 76 (4%) clinically normal mucosa samples and 10 of 141 (7%) PBC. Our results indicate that EBV may contribute as one of the multiple factors in oral cancers, in a certain proportion of Indian patients.     

Presence of human papilloma virus,herpes simplex virus and Epstein–Barr virus DNA in oral biopsies from Sudanese patients with regard to toombak use

J Oral Pathol Med (2010) 39 : 599–604 Using PCR/DNA sequencing, we investigated the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA in brush biopsies obtained from 150 users of Sudanese snuff (toombak) and 25 non‐users of toombak in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue samples obtained from 31 patients with oral dysplasias (25 toombak users and 6 non‐users), and from 217 patients with oral cancers (145 toombak users and 72 non‐users). In the brush tissue samples from toombak users, HPV was detected in 60 (40%), HSV in 44 (29%) and EBV in 97 (65%) of the samples. The corresponding figures for the 25 samples from non‐users were 17 (68%) positive for HPV, 6 (24%) positive for HSV and 21 (84%) for EBV. The formalin‐fixed samples with oral dysplasias were all negative for HPV. In the 145 oral cancer samples from toombak users, HPV was detected in 39 (27%), HSV in 15 (10%) and EBV in 53 (37%) of the samples. The corresponding figures for the samples from non‐users were 15 (21%) positive for HPV, 5 (7%) for HSV and 16 (22%) for EBV. These findings illustrate that prevalence of HSV, HPV and EBV infections are common and may influence oral health and cancer development. It is not obvious that cancer risk is increased in infected toombak users. These observations warrant further studies involving toombak‐associated oral lesions, to uncover the possible mechanisms of these viral infections in the development of oral cancer, and the influence of toombak on these viruses.