茂金属催化剂催化1-癸烯齐聚研究（英文）

考察了1-癸烯和不同结构的茂金属催化剂((η~5-C_5H_5)_2ZrC l_2,A;[μ,μ-(Me_2Si)_2(η~5-C_5H_3)_2][(η~5-C_5H_5)ZrC l_52)]2,B;[(C_6H_5)C(Me)_2(η~5-C_5H_4)]_2ZrC l_2,C;t BuN C(Me)_2(η-C_5H_4)ZrC l_2,D;(η-C_5H_4)C(C_5H_(10))(η~5-C_513H_8)ZrC l_2,E;(η~5-C_5H_4)C(Me)_2(η-C_(13)H_8)ZrC l_2,F;(η_5-C_5H_4)C(C_6H_5)_2(η~5-C_(13)H_8)ZrC l_2,G)/MAO的齐聚反应,并探讨了茂金属F的用量,聚合温度和Al/Zr比对聚合反应和齐聚物性能的影响.实验结果表明,由于其不同的位阻效应和电子效应,不同结构的茂金属对1-癸烯的催化活性和齐聚物组分分布影响显著.其中,Cp_2ZrCl_2,双核硅桥联的茂金属B和大位阻的茂金属C主要合成低粘度的齐聚物(100℃Kv:2~3 cS t,二聚体含量约为60%);限制构型的茂金属D因为有更加开放的配位结构呈现出高的催化活性,齐聚物的粘度也略高(100℃Kv:3~4 cS t);Cs-对称型茂金属E,F,G都有较高的催化活性,合成的齐聚物粘度也较高(100℃Kv20cS t),主要归因于茂金属的特殊结构和聚合机理.GC-MS结果表明茂金属催化1-癸烯合成的齐聚物异构化较少,主要由二聚体到五聚体的混合物组成.茂金属F催化1-癸烯较优的齐聚条件是催化剂用量10μmol,聚合温度80℃,Al/Zr比300∶1.     

串联催化体系制备长链支化聚乙烯

利用两种串联催化体系,Cat.I/Cat.II和Cat.I/Cat.III{Cat.I:[ArNCH-C8H3(CH2)2(C6H5)O]2 ZrBn2;Cat.II:(η5-C5Me4)Si(Me)2NtBuTiCl2;Cat.III:tans-Et(Ind)2ZrCl2)},催化了乙烯聚合,一步法制备出了长链支化聚...     

双组分茂金属催化剂催化乙烯聚合的研究

选择能形成支链的不对称桥联茂金属化合物Me2 C[(Cp) (Ind) ]ZrCl2 和非桥联的不同结构的茂金属化合物二氯二 (烯基取代环戊二烯 )锆如 ( Cp) 2 ZrCl2 ,(Cp) 2 ZrCl2 和 (Cp) 2 ZrCl2 ,以MAO为助催化剂 ,分别组成三组双组分茂金属催化剂的催化体系 ,催化乙烯聚合 .结果表明 ,两类催化剂组成的双组分茂金属催化体系催化乙烯聚合能得到支化的宽分子量分布的聚乙烯 ;聚合温度和改变两种茂金属催化剂的摩尔比对催化活性和分子量有很大影响 .因此可以利用改变双组分茂金属催化剂的摩尔比例和聚合温度来调控聚合物的分子量和分子量分布 .改变两种茂金属催化剂的摩尔比和聚合温度也能使聚合物的结晶度发生改变     

α-二亚胺镍(Ⅱ)催化甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合

以4种不同结构的α-二亚胺镍(Ⅱ)催化剂[(t-Bu)—N CH—CH N—(t-Bu)]NiBr2(C1),[C6H5—N C(Me)—C(Me)N—C6H5]NiBr2(C2),[(2,6-C6H3(Me)2)—N C(Me)—C·(Me)N—(2,6-C6H3(Me)2)]NiBr2(C3)和[(2,6-C6H3(i-Pr)2)—N C(An)—C(An)N—(2,6-C6H3(i-Pr)2)]NiBr2(An=acenaphthyl)(C4),在甲基铝氧烷(MAO)作用下,对甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)进行催化聚合.以C2为模型催化剂系统研究了Al/Ni摩尔比、单体浓度、聚合温度、聚合时间和反应溶剂对催化活性及聚合物分子量的影响.在较适合的聚合条件(催化剂用量为1.6μmol,Al/Ni摩尔比为800,MMA浓度为2.9 mol/L,甲苯为溶剂,聚合温度为60℃,聚合时间为4 h)下,讨论了催化剂结构对催化活性和聚合物分子量的影响.研究发现,催化剂C1~C3催化MMA聚合均得到富含间规结构的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA).催化剂结构中空间位阻增大导致催化活性降低,空间位阻最小的C1催化活性最高[达107.8 kg/(mol Ni·h)];而空间位阻最大的C4催化活性仅为7.8 kg/(mol Ni·h).催化剂结构中给电子效应增加有利于催化活性及聚合物分子量的增加.C2催化活性为62.5 kg/(mol Ni·h),所得聚合物的分子量为5.0×104;而具有较强给电子效应的C3催化活性达到96.9 kg/(mol Ni·h),并得到更高分子量的聚合物(7.6×104).     

四甲基环戊二烯基苯氧基二氯化钛衍生物的合成及催化烯烃聚合研究

4-R1-6-R-2-Me4CpH—PhOH[R1=^tBu,R=^tBu(1);R1=H,R=^tBu(2),Ph(3),Me(4)]经双三甲基硅基化后与TiCl4反应,合成了4种限制几何构型茂金属催化剂4-R1-6-R-2-Me4CpH-PhOTiCl2[R1=^tBu,R=^tBu(5);R1=H,R=^tBu(6),Ph(7),Me(8)]。合成产率有较大提高．这些茂金属化合物经过^tBu3Al和Ph3C^ B(C6F5)4^-活化后对乙烯聚合有很好的催化活性,并生成乙基支化聚乙烯．考察了催化剂结构与活性的关系以及聚合反应条件对催化剂性能的影响。并对聚乙烯样品进行了表征．     

基于两个取代四甲基环戊二烯基配体的金属羰基化合物的合成及晶体结构(英文)

配体[C5Me4HR][R=4-Br Ph(1),(Me C5H3N)CH2(2)]分别与Mo(CO)6,Ru3(CO)12和Fe(CO)5在二甲苯中加热回流,得到了6个双核配合物trans-[η5-C5Me4R]2Mo2(CO)6(3,4),trans-[(η5-C5Me4R)Ru(CO)(μ-CO)]2(5,6)和trans-[η5-(C5Me4R)Fe(CO)(μ-CO)]2(7,8)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对配合物的结构进行了表征,并用X-射线单晶衍射法测定了配合物3,5,6和8的结构。     

还原性的类立方烷型金属有机原子簇[M4(μ^3-Se)4(η-C5H4R)4](M=Mo, R=Pr^i;M=Cr, R=Mc)的合成, 晶体结构和电子性质

H2Se与Cr(η-C5H4Me)2的反应产生了得率高达90%的原子簇化合物[Cr4(μ^3-Se)4(η-C5H4Me)4], 而LiSeH与Mo2(η-C5H4Pr^i)2(μ-Cl)4的反应则产生了其它的簇状化合物[Mo4(μ^3-Se)4(η-C5H4Pr^i)4], 它们都是通过元素分析和H核磁共振谱的研究, X射线单晶体结构分析加强了金属有机原子簇的还原性结构, 循环伏安法数据表明原子簇在溶液中的还原电极电位越低, 其气相第一电离势一般也越小, 光电子谱法研究也表明这些原子簇都具富电子的。     

柄型金属有机化合物(Ⅴ)——锗桥连茚基及取代茚基锆化合物的合成及催化烯烃聚合

锗桥连茚及取代茚配体相继与丁基锂及ZrCl4作用, 生成锗桥连茚基及取代茚基锆化合物Me2Ge(2-R1-4-R2-Ind)2ZrCl2[R1= R2= H(1); R1= Me, R2= H(2); R1= Me, R2= Ph(3)]. 化合物 1-3均为内消旋和外消旋异构体的混合物, 通过多次重结晶得到化合物1和2的纯外消旋异构体及化合物3的内消旋异构体. 由元素分析和 1H NMR 谱表征了化合物的分子结构. 研究了在甲基铝氧烷(MAO)的助催化下, 化合物1-3对乙烯和丙烯聚合的催化性能. 由锗桥连茚基化合物1-3得到的聚乙烯的分子量分布比一般茂金属催化剂略宽. 内消旋和外消旋异构体的混合物(3)由于两个催化活性中心不等同而使得到的聚乙烯的分子量分布相当宽. 外消旋异构体1和2催化丙烯聚合得到高等规聚丙烯.     

含分子内配位Ln←O键的稀土有机化合物催化甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合

 采用含有分子内配位Ln←O键、茂(茚)和环辛四烯(COT)混合配体的稀土有机化合物与三乙基铝体系催化甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的聚合,可以得到高分子量(Mη＞100×103),窄分子量分布(Mw/Mn＜3)的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA). 不同的配体及稀土元素可以影响这类稀土有机化合物的催化聚合活性. 化合物(η5-MeOCH2CH2C5H4)Nd(η8-C8H8)(THF)具有较高的活性(转化率91.0%,Mη=115.2×103). 考察了催化剂和助催化剂浓度,以及聚合温度和时间对(η5-cyclo-C4H7OCH2C9H6)Dy(η8-C8H8)/AlEt3体系催化聚合反应的影响. 结果表明,最佳聚合条件为: n(MMA)∶n(催化剂)∶n(助催化剂)=1?200∶1∶5,θ=60 ℃,t=32 h. 利用核磁共振和凝胶渗透色谱等技术对聚合物进行了表征.     

以硼化物为活化剂制备负载茂金属催化剂催化乙烯/α-烯烃共聚合

本研究以硅胶为载体,以Cp2ZrCl2为主催化剂,分别以甲基铝氧烷（MAO）、三五氟苯基硼（B(C6F5)3）、N,N-二甲基苯铵四(五氟苯基)硼酸盐（[HNMe2Ph][B(C6F5)4]）、三苯碳鎓四(五氟苯基)硼酸盐（[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]）、三五氟苯基硼/三甲基铝（B(C6F5)3/TMA）为活化剂制备了负载茂金属催化剂,考察了它们对乙烯均聚、乙烯/α-烯烃共聚合的影响。实验结果表明,当硼化物用量为5.1?0-4mol/g SiO2,B/Zr在14.10~19.04之间时,负载茂金属催化剂催化烯烃聚合活性达107g/(molZr?h),是相同条件下以MAO为活化剂时活性的511~1090倍,同样达到107g/(molZr?h)的催化活性,硼化物用量仅仅为MAO用量1/16;和B(C6F5)3相比,以[HNMe2Ph][B(C6F5)4]和[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]为活化剂制备的负载茂金属催化剂活性较高,并且以[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]为活化剂制备的负载茂金属催化剂所得共聚物分子量分布最窄,乙烯/1-己烯共聚物中共单体含量最高,为2.97mol%;采用硼化物为活化剂制备的负载茂金属催化剂催化乙烯/1-己烯、乙烯/1-辛烯共聚合所得共聚产物分子量分布较窄,密度在0.91~0.92g/cm3之间,属于mLLDPE范畴。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.