髌骨钻孔减压改善全膝关节置换术后膝前疼痛

目的探讨通过髌骨钻孔减压术改善全膝关节置换术(TKA)后膝前痛的临床疗效。方法将符合标准的113例行TKA的骨关节炎患者按数字法随机分为两组:54例为减压组,TKA术中联合髌骨钻孔减压术;59例为非减压组,仅施行TKA不联合髌骨钻孔减压术。术后观察两组患者切口愈合情况、相关并发症、KSS评分及膝前痛发生率。结果两组患者切口均一期愈合,无严重并发症发生,113例均获满12个月的完整随访。KSS评分:减压组术后明显高于非减压组;术后膝前痛的发生率明显低于非减压组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 TKA术中联合髌骨减压术可以在一定程度上改善膝关节KSS评分及降低术后膝前疼痛的发生率。     

Patella resurfacing in posterior stabilised total knee arthroplasty: a follow-up study in 56 patients

Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains controversial. This study evaluates the results of resurfacing and non-resurfacing of the patella. Fifty-six patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee were enrolled in a prospective randomised clinical trial using a posterior-stabilised TKA. Evaluations were done preoperatively and after 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Disease specific (Knee Society Score or KSS) and functional (patella-related activities) outcomes were measured. Patient satisfaction and anterior knee pain questionnaires were completed. No patients were lost to follow-up. No significant differences were found between groups with regard to the clinical part of the Knee Society score (KSS) not even in obese patients, the ability of performing daily activities involving the patellofemoral joint, and patient satisfaction. Significant differences were found regarding the functional section of the KSS, passive flexion, anterior knee pain and patellar tilt and subluxation. In conclusion, the authors believe that, for the implant studied, patellar resurfacing can be indicated.     

全膝关节置换术中髌骨置换与髌骨成形对膝关节功能的影响

 目的 探讨髌骨置换与髌骨成形对全膝关节置换术后膝关节功能的影响。方法 对2010年8月至11月拟行全膝关节置换术的48例(69膝)膝关节骨关节炎患者进行随机分组,髌骨置换组24例(35膝)、髌骨成形组24例(34膝)。两组患者年龄、体重、身高、体重指数、美国膝关节协会(Knee Society Score,KSS)膝评分及功能评分、髌骨评分的差异均无统计学意义。比较两组术后6周、3个月、6个月、12个月、24个月的KSS膝评分及功能评分、髌骨评分、术后膝前痛发生率及影像学表现。结果 髌骨置换组20例(30膝)与髌骨成形组20例(29膝)获得随访。术后各时点两组KSS膝评分的差异无统计学意义;6个月以后髌骨置换组KSS功能评分高于髌骨成形组,12个月以后髌骨置换组髌骨评分高于髌骨成形组,差异有统计学意义。术后各时点髌骨置换组膝前痛发生率与髌骨成形组的差异有统计学意义。术后24个月髌骨置换组与髌骨成形组术后胫股角(174.25°±0.97°与173.63°±0.48°)、髌韧带比值(1.01±0.09与1.09±0.07)、髌骨倾斜角(4.58°±0.18°与4.41°±0.19°)、髌骨适合角(2.69°±4.15°与2.56°±3.72°)、髌骨移位距离[(1.53±1.34) mm与(1.68±1.23) mm]的差异均无统计学意义。结论 全膝关节置换术中行髌骨置换可以改善膝关节和髌骨功能,降低术后膝前痛的发生率。     

髌骨软骨退变分级对保留髌骨型全膝关节置换术疗效的影响

 目的 探讨髌骨软骨退变Outerbridge分级对保留髌骨型全膝关节置换术疗效的影响。方法 对2007年2月至2010年1月因膝关节退变性骨关节炎行保留髌骨型全膝关节置换术的151例进行回顾性分析。男65例,女86例;年龄56～82岁,平均(65±5.0)岁。随访时间2～5年,平均3.5年。术中对髌骨软骨退变分级的评定采用Outerbridge标准,统计末次随访时不同髌骨软骨退变分级患者的满意度及膝前痛发生情况,视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)>3分判定为有膝前痛;比较不同髌骨软骨退变分级患者的美国膝关节学会评分(Knee Society Scale,KSS)及髌骨评分。结果 OuterbridgeⅠ级18例、Ⅱ级36例、Ⅲ级62例、Ⅳ级35例。膝前痛发生率4.0%(6/151),其中轻度疼痛4例、中度2例。无翻修病例,总体满意率96.7%(146/151)。不同髌骨软骨退变分级患者的满意度(H=5.54,P=0.14)、膝前痛发生率(H=0.56, P=0.91)、KSS膝评分(F=1.95, P=0.12)、功能评分(F=2.11,P=0.10)及髌骨评分(F=1.35, P=0.26)的差异均无统计学意义。结论 不同髌骨软骨退变分级患者行保留髌骨型全膝关节置换术后疗效无差异,对退变性骨关节炎患者行全膝关节置换术时无须置换髌骨。     

膝关节置换术后不同参照点测得关节线与膝关节功能的相关性研究

目的探讨人工全膝关节置换术(TKA)后选择不同参照点测量关节线(JL)变化与膝关节临床功能评估的相关性。 方法回顾性分析于2015年5月至2017年5月在安徽省滁州市皖东人民医院骨科接受TKA手术的患者,分别以腓骨头、股骨内收肌止点、胫骨结节为参照点测量JL变化,评估术前及术后12个月后患者美国膝关节协会(KSS)评分、关节活动度(ROM)及Feller髌骨评分。将不同参照点下JL变化情况与KSS评分变化、ROM变化及Feller髌骨评分变化等资料进行相关性检验。 结果与术前比较,术后患者KSS评分、ROM、Feller髌骨评分均显著增高(P<0.05)。以腓骨头、股骨内收肌止点为参照点测得的JL变化之间呈正相关性(r＝0.874,P<0.01)。术后12个月,以胫骨结节为参照点测得的JL变化,与TKA术后12个月KSS评分变化(r＝－0.521,P<0.01)、髌骨Feller评分变化(r＝－0.493,P<0.01)具有负向相关性。 结论以胫骨结节为参照点测量JL变化,与TKA术后膝关节KSS评分变化、髌骨Feller评分变化呈负相关性;以胫骨结节为参照点测量JL变化能更好地评估TKA术后膝关节临床功能。     

Influence of Patellar Morphology Classified by Wiberg Classification on Knee Joint Function and Patellofemoral Tracking After Total Knee Arthroplasty Without Patellar Resurfacing

BackgroundTo evaluate the influence of patellar morphology on knee joint function and patellofemoral tracking in patients with primary osteoarthritis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) without patellar resurfacing.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of 156 patients with primary osteoarthritis who underwent TKA without patellar resurfacing from April 2018 to July 2019. As per Wiberg classification, patients were divided into Wiberg type I (group A, n = 38), II (group B, n = 88), and III (group C, n = 30) groups. The clinical data, postoperative follow-up data, and radiological data between three groups were compared.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the HSS score and Feller score between the three groups before surgery and at each follow-up point after surgery (P > .05). At the last follow-up, there were no significant differences in the height and relative thickness of the patella between the three groups (P > .05). However, the incidence of anterior knee pain was significantly higher in group C than in the group B (P < .05). The patellar tilt angle was significantly larger in group C than in the groups A and B (both P < .05). The patellar facet angle was significantly larger in group A than in group B and C, which was also significantly larger in group B than in group C (both P < .05).ConclusionPatients with three different morphologic types of the patella both exhibited improved knee joint function after TKA, however, patients with Wiberg type Ⅲ patella were more prone to have poor patellofemoral tracking and anterior knee pain after surgery.     

The Impact of Patellar Resurfacing in Two-Stage Revision of the Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty

Evidence for optimal management of the patellofemoral joint in revision surgery for the infected TKA is limited. We reviewed 69 infected TKAs undergoing two-stage revision. Fifty four patellae were resurfaced, 11 had patelloplasty performed, two were augmented with trabecular metal, one had impaction grafting, and one knee underwent patellectomy. Average follow-up was 4.5 years. The patients that received patellar resurfacing at re-implantation experienced statistically significant improvements in KSS pain score, functional KSS, and patellar score (P < 0.03). One further patient treated with impaction grafting improved significantly in terms of pain and function. Patients treated with patelloplasty, trabecular metal augmentation, or patellectomy did not have significant improvements in clinical or functional outcome. Patient age, use of dynamic vs. static spacer, use of extensor mechanism release, and differences in Charlson index did not seem to statistically affect outcome. We recommend that every effort should be made to minimize patellar bone loss in first stage resection, as inability to resurface the patella at time of reimplantation may adversely affect patient outcome.     

术中关节周围鸡尾酒注射在骨性关节炎患者初次全膝关节置换术后镇痛中的应用

目的探讨术中关节周围注射混合镇痛药物(鸡尾酒)在膝关节骨性关节炎初次全膝关节表面置换术后镇痛中的疗效。方法选取我院关节外科2017年1月～2017年12月收治的60例行单侧表面全膝关节置换术(TKA)的膝关节骨性关节炎患者为研究对象,按照是否注射鸡尾酒分为干预组、对照组,比较两组患者术后48 h、1周、1月、3月、6月的疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分、膝关节活动度(ROM)、美国膝关节协会评分(KSS评分)、患者满意度及不良反应、切口并发症。结果干预组术后48 h、1周的VAS评分低于对照组(P0.05),干预组术后48 h、1周ROM大于对照组(P0.05),干预组术后48 h、1周KSS评分高于对照组(P0.05),干预组术后48 h、1周满意度高于对照组(P0.05)。未发现切口并发症。以上指标在术后1月、3月、6月均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论术中鸡尾酒注射在TKA术后早期镇痛疗效确切,可改善早期功能,改善住院体验,提高患者满意度,促进患者早期康复。     

髌骨软骨破坏程度对保留髌骨的全膝关节置换术疗效的影响

目的 探讨髌骨软骨破坏程度对保留髌骨的全膝关节置换术疗效的影响.方法 2002年1月至2006年5月行全膝关节置换术163例244膝,根据术中观察到的髌骨软骨破坏程度将患者分为轻度、中度、重度软骨破坏三组.所有手术均不置换髌骨.术后随访88例133膝,轻度组42膝,中度组43膝,重度组48膝.采用美国膝关节学会评分(Knee Society Score,KSS)系统(包括膝评分和膝功能评分)和膝前痛评分系统对三组疗效进行评估.结果 随访48～102个月,平均72个月.KSS膝评分和膝功能评分从术前(35.1±5.4)分和(19.2±9.8)分分别提高到(91.7±5.6)分和(83.7±17.5)分.三组KSS膝评分从术前(34.7±6.2)分、(36.5±5.2)分、(35.3±6.2)分分别提高至(92.6±4.5)分、(90.5±6.7)分、(91.9±5.9)分;膝功能评分从术前(14.2±8.6)分、(16.5±7.4)分、(17.0±7.5)分分别提高至(86.6±12.6)分、(82.0±17.2)分、(82.8±21.1)分.三组术后膝评分和膝功能评分的差异均无统计学意义.术后膝前痛的发生率为11.3%(15/133),轻度、中度、重度软骨破坏组分别为11.9%(5/42)、11.6%(5/43)、10.4%(5/48),差异无统计学意义.结论 全膝关节置换术后疗效及膝前痛的发生率与术前髌骨软骨破坏程度无关,髌骨软骨破坏程度不是全膝关节置换术中置换髌骨的可靠依据.

Abstract：

Objective To determine whether there was any correlation between the degree of degenerative changes in the patellar cartilage and the clinical outcome after TKA without patellar resurfacing.Methods A clinical study was performed on 133 knees of 88 patients that underwent TKA without patellar resurfacing from January 2002 to May 2006. According to the degenerative condition of the patellar cartilage,patients was classified as mild group, moderate group, and severe group. Pre- and post-operative evaluations were performed using the knee and function scores of the Knee Society Clinical Rating System (KSS) and Anterior Knee Pain Rating. Results The duration of follow-up was 72 months (range 48-102). The overall knee score of KSS in all patients were improved from 35.1±5.4 preoperatively to 91.7±5.6 postoperatively,and function score of KSS from 19.2±9.8 preoperatively to 83.7±17.5 postoperatively. The mean knee scores of KSS were improved from 34.7±6.2, 36.5±5.2 and 35.3±6.2 preoperatively to 92.6±4.5, 90.5±6.7 and 91.9±5.9 in mild, moderate, and severe group postoperatively, respectively. The mean function scores of KSS were improved from 14.2±8.6, 16.5±7.4 and 17.0±7.5 postoperatively to 86.6±12.6, 82.0±17.2 and 82.8±21.1 in mild, moderate, and severe group postoperatively, respectively. There was no difference among all groups with regard to the postoperative knee scores and function scores of KSS. The prevalence of anterior knee pain was 11.3% in all, and 11.9% in mild group, 11.6% in moderate group and 10.4% in severe group. There was no difference among all groups with regard to the anterior knee pain. Conclusion The clinical outcome and anterior knee pain after TKA without patellar resurfacing was not correlated with the severity of degenerative changes in the patellar cartilage. The degree of degenerative condition of the patellar cartilage is not indication for patellar resurfacing.     

Similar patient-reported outcomes and performance after total knee arthroplasty with or without patellar resurfacing: A randomized study of 74 patients with 6 years of follow-up

Background and purpose — Knee pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is not uncommon. Patellar retention in TKA is one cause of postoperative knee pain, and may lead to secondary addition of a patellar component. Patellar resurfacing in TKA is controversial. Its use ranges from 2% to 90% worldwide. In this randomized study, we compared the outcome after patellar resurfacing and after no resurfacing. Patients and methods — We performed a prospective, randomized study of 74 patients with primary osteoarthritis who underwent a Triathlon CR TKA. The patients were randomized to either patellar resurfacing or no resurfacing. They filled out the VAS pain score and KOOS questionnaires preoperatively, and VAS pain, KOOS, and patient satisfaction 3, 12, and 72 months postoperatively. Physical performance tests were performed preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Results — We found similar scores for VAS pain, patient satisfaction, and KOOS 5 subscales at 3, 12, and 72 months postoperatively in the 2 groups. Physical performance tests 3 months postoperatively were also similar in the 2 groups. No secondary resurfacing was performed in the group with no resurfacing during the first 72 months Interpretation — Patellar resurfacing in primary Triathlon CR TKA is of no advantage regarding pain, physical performance, KOOS 5 subscales, or patient satisfaction compared to no resurfacing. None of the patients were reoperated with secondary addition of a patellar component within 6 years. According to these results, routine patellar resurfacing in primary Triathlon TKA appears to be unnecessary.     

髌骨缩小联合外侧支持带松解对膝关节置换术的疗效影响

目的探讨髌骨缩小联合外侧支持带松解对人工全膝关节置换术后膝前痛发生及膝关节功能疗效的影响。 方法筛选2016年1月至2017年6月广东省第二中医院骨科136例退行性膝骨关节炎拟行初次单侧全膝关节置换术的患者136例(136膝)，剔除同侧髋病及严重内外翻畸形膝，术前按随机分配法分为观察组(术中行髌骨缩小联合外侧支持带松解，68例)和对照组(术中常规去除髌骨边缘硬化骨但不松解外侧支持带，68例)，余手术操作均一致。记录两组患者术前术后膝前痛及并发症发生情况、手术时间、美国特种外科医院(HSS)膝关节评分、髌骨Feller评分、膝前痛评分，并进行术前术后和两组间的比较。拍摄术后膝关节正侧位和Merchant位X(屈膝30°髌骨轴位片)线片，观察髌骨轨迹情况。对计数资料和正态分布的计量资料采用卡方检验或t检验。 结果观察组3例患者失访，2例外伤致胫腓骨骨折；对照组7例患者术中行"无拇指"试验发现需松解外侧支持带，排除研究；两组最终纳入63例和61例。所有患者均获得相同的随访时间。观察组术后膝前疼痛率为4.8%(3/63)，对照组为16.4%(10/61)，观察组优于对照组，差异有统计学意义(t＝6.325，P<0.05)；两组患者手术时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)；术后18个月时两组患者HSS评分、Feller评分、膝前痛评分、膝关节活动度均较术前显著改善(P<0.05)；但观察组在HSS评分、髌骨Feller评分、膝前痛评分方面明显优于对照组(t＝3.125，P<0.05)；两组均未发生髌骨坏死、髌骨骨折、髌骨高压等并发症，比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组和对照组分别有2例和11例发生髌骨轨迹不良，比较差异有统计学意义(t＝11.218，P<0.05)。 结论膝关节置换术中进行髌骨缩小联合外侧支持带松解能明显减少膝前痛及并发症发生，有效改善膝关节功能并较好维持术后髌骨的轨迹，提高TKA手术的整体疗效。     

Unicompartmental versus total knee arthroplasty in the same patient. A comparative study

The purpose of this study was to compare unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and more specifically to evaluate the role of the patella in patient preference between UKA and TKA. A group of 23 patients were chosen, each with a UKA in one knee and a TKA in the opposite knee. As a subset of the group, 13 patients were compared who had not had patellar resurfacing on their TKA side (Group A) versus ten patients who had patellar resurfacing (Group B). Each patient had a UKA and TKA performed during the same hospitalization. Each patient's resurfacing was performed by the same surgical team. Moreover, inpatient care and physical therapy for each patient's respective UKA and TKA were the same. Patient evaluation consisted of chart review, joint registry data, and telephone interviews that focused on patient preference regarding pain, stability, "feel," and ability to climb stairs. The 23 patients studied had an average follow-up period of 81 months (range, 38-153 months). There were 14 men and ten women with an average age of 67 years. Preoperative diagnosis was osteoarthritis in 22 patients and rheumatoid arthritis in one patient. Range of motion (ROM) improved from a preoperative mean of 106 degrees to 123 degrees postoperatively on the UKA side. Mean ROM for the Group A TKAs improved from 104 degrees to 109 degrees, whereas the Group B TKAs remained unchanged at 113 degrees. For patients surveyed in Group A, 31% stated that their UKA knee was their better knee overall, 15% stated that their TKA knee was their better knee overall, and 54% could find no difference.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

全膝关节置换术中髌骨置换与髌骨截骨疗效的病例对照研究

目的：比较人工全膝关节置换术髌骨截骨和髌骨置换的疗效,为临床治疗提供参考.方法：2004年4月至2011年4月行人工全膝关节置换术52例（54膝）,分为髌骨置换组和髌骨截骨组.髌骨置换组24例24膝,其中男13例,女11例,年龄53～78岁;髌骨截骨组28例30膝,男16例,女12例,年龄55～79岁.术后对其进行临床评价,包括膝关节评分（HSS评分系统）,髌骨评分（Feller评分标准）,膝关节活动度（ROM）,患者满意度,髌骨相关并发症.结果：术后随访20～80个月,平均56个月.髌骨置换组HSS评分由术前38.4±8.2提高为末次随访时的91.2±8.6,Feller评分由13.6±6.2提高为25.2±4.2,膝前痛分数由3.9±3.2提高为11.2±3.7,ROM由（78±26）°提高为（108±18）°.髌骨截骨组HSS评分由术前39.5±8.4提高为末次随访时的91.0±8.5,Feller评分由13.4±6.5提高为25.6±4.0,膝前痛分数由3.7±3.1提高为11.3±3.6,ROM由（76±27）°提高为（110±19）°.术后满意度髌骨置换组91％,髌骨截骨组89％;髌骨相关并发症髌骨置换组16.7％,髌骨截骨组10.0％.两组术后HSS评分、Feller评分、膝前痛分数及ROM比较差异无统计学意义,患者满意度比较差异无统计学意义,两组髌骨相关并发症比较差异有统计学意义,髌骨截骨组低于髌骨置换组.结论：全膝关节置换术中髌骨置换与髌骨截骨均能明显改善膝关节功能和减轻疼痛,髌骨相关并发症与髌骨的处理方式有关,但术后膝前痛及患者满意度与髌骨的处理方式无关.     

不同程度屈膝挛缩畸形人工全膝关节置换的早期疗效比较

目的探讨不同程度屈膝挛缩畸形行人工全膝关节置换术(totalkneearthroplasty,TKA)后的早期疗效。方法回顾性分析2000年1月～2003年12月行TKA的65例97膝屈膝挛缩畸形患者资料。其中骨关节炎51例74膝,类风湿关节炎14例23膝。单膝置换33例33膝,双膝同时置换32例64膝。按屈膝挛缩畸形程度不同将患者分成A、B两组,A组屈曲挛缩<20°(0～15°)32例49膝,B组屈曲挛缩≥20°(20～60°)33例48膝。A、B两组膝关节术前屈曲挛缩度数、活动度(rangeofmotion,ROM)、KSS(kneesocietyscore)评分及功能评分分别为10.7±8.0°、104.6±20.0°、29.1±18.0、32.6±20.7和28.2±7.8°、60.8±26.6°、12.1±13.2、26.8±18.1,各指标组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术中均采用Scorpio后稳定型骨水泥固定假体,行初期置换。术后3～4d在同一康复师指导下行CPM及主动功能锻炼。结果患者获随访8个月～3年6个月,平均2年7个月。A、B组术后膝关节屈曲挛缩度数、ROM、KSS评分和功能评分分别为0.4±2.1°、108.6±19.0°、82.1±13.8、72.3±29.1和1.3±3.2°、98.6±16.4°、75.9±8.2、81.4±26.9,组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后患者总满意度为94.6%,无深部感染及再翻修者。结论膝关节屈膝挛缩畸形严重与否对TKA的早期疗效无明显影响;TKA后ROM有“趋中”现象;术后早期行膝关节功能锻炼也是获得功能改善的重要环节之一。     

髌骨置换与否对全膝关节置换术后疗效的影响

目的 探讨膝骨关节炎患者行全膝关节表面置换时髌骨置换与否对术后疗效及并发症发生的影响.方法 对2007年1月至2011年12月之间行人工全膝关节置换术的170例(237膝)骨关节炎患者,按髌骨置换(126膝)和未置换(111膝)分为2组.对术前和末次随访时两组的HSS评分、膝前痛评分、膝关节活动度、最大屈曲度数、屈曲畸形及手术时情况和患者满意度等进行对比分析.结果使用SPSS 17.0统计软件包进行统计学分析.结果 在170例(237膝)OA患者中161例(21 3膝)获得随访,平均随访时间(40.94±8.02)个月,置换组HSS评分由术前的(40.19±8.14)分增加到末次随访时的(87.45±6.00)分(P＜0.05),膝前痛评分由(4.13±1.08)分升高到(19.47±4.04)分(P＜0.05);未置换组HSS评分由(40.00±6.74)分上升到(88.93±4.92)分(P＜0.05),膝前痛评分由(3.58±2.26)分变化到(13.61±3.89)分(P＜0.05);患者满意度置换组为80.91％,未置换组为61.17％(P＜0.05).在HSS评分、膝关节活动度、最大屈曲度数、屈曲畸形等方面两组差异无统计学意义.而在膝前痛评分、患者满意度、手术时间、术中失血量等方面差异有统计学意义.结论 当膝关节骨关节炎患者进行全膝关节置换术时,若术前存在膝关节疼痛严重、患者期望较高、不适合长时间手术,应行髌骨置换.     

全膝关节置换术中髌骨置换与否对早期疗效及膝前痛的影响

 目的 探讨全膝关节置换术中髌骨置换与否对早期疗效及膝前痛发生率的影响。方法 2010年6月至2011年6月拟行全膝关节置换术患者100例,随机分为两组：髌骨置换组43例50膝,髌骨未置换组57例66膝。比较术后6个月、12个月两组患者的西安大略和麦克马斯特大学(West Ontario and McMaster Universities,WOMAC)骨关节炎指数、美国膝关节外科协会(Knee Surgery Society,KSS)膝评分和功能评分、膝前痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)。结果 髌骨置换组与髌骨未置换组患者术后膝前痛VAS评分均较术前明显降低,两组间VAS评分及膝前痛发生率的差异无统计学意义。WOMAC骨关节炎指数6个月分别为28.8±11.2和18.6±7.2、术后12个月分别为20.7±6.2和16.0±5.5,KSS膝评分6个月分别为(87.0±8.3)分和(90.9±7.2)分、术后12个月分别为(84.2±10.6)分和(88.8±9.2)分,KSS功能评分术后6个月分别为(86.6±21.6)分和(84.9±16.5)分、术后12个月分别为(85.2±16.4)分和(91.0±10.0)分,组间差异均无统计学意义。髌骨轴位X线片示髌骨与股骨假体滑车吻合度良好,无不稳及脱位表现。术后1年内无翻修、髌骨表面再置换病例。结论 全膝关节置换术对改善因骨关节炎或类风湿关节炎导致的膝关节疼痛、功能受限有效;髌骨置换与否对术后短期疗效及膝前痛发生率没有影响。     

Functional versus patient-reported outcome of the bicruciate and the standard condylar-stabilizing total knee arthroplasty

Introduction

The purpose of this retrospective comparative analysis in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was to evaluate whether different TKA implant design would influence patient-rated outcomes, functioning, and range of motion (ROM). A secondary purpose of this study was to test for relationships between the patient-rated outcomes and the passive ROM.

Materials and methods

Thirty-one patients who had a primary bicruciate stabilized TKA performed between May 2010 and November 2012 were retrospectively reviewed and compared with a cohort of 30 patients who had condylar-stabilizing TKA during the same period.

Results

No significant differences were observed between the two groups with respect to preoperative demographic characteristics, ROM and radiographic knee alignment. At a mean follow-up of 37 months (SD 7), the Triathlon group had higher mean Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) score in all subscales and a higher Knee Society Score (KSS) score than the Journey group. This difference was statistically significant for the KOOS subscales of pain (p = 0.0099) and activities of daily living (ADL) (p = 0.0003), as well as the KSS score (p = 0.03846). The ROM was significantly higher in the Journey group when compared to the Triathlon group (p = 0.0013). No significant correlation was observed between the ROM and KOOS pain, QOL and ADL subscores and KSS score.

Conclusions

Postoperative knee ROM and patient perception of knee function after primary TKA can be affected by the different prosthetic designs. However, functionality afforded by the bicruciate TKA is not equivalent to patient satisfaction.

Level of evidence

III.

     

Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty: functional outcome differs with different outcome scores: A randomized,double-blind study of 129 knees with 3 years of follow-up

Background and purpose — Recent research on outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has raised the question of the ability of traditional outcome measures to distinguish between treatments. We compared functional outcomes in patients undergoing TKA with and without patellar resurfacing, using the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) as the primary outcome and 3 traditional outcome measures as secondary outcomes.

Patients and methods — 129 knees in 115 patients (mean age 70 (42–82) years; 67 female) were evaluated in this single-center, randomized, double-blind study. Data were recorded preoperatively, at 1 year, and at 3 years, and were assessed using repeated-measures mixed models.

Results — The mean subscores for the KOOS after surgery were statistically significantly in favor of patellar resurfacing: sport/recreation, knee-related quality of life, pain, and symptoms. No statistically significant differences between the groups were observed with the Knee Society clinical rating system, with the Oxford knee score, and with visual analog scale (VAS) for patient satisfaction.

Interpretation — In the present study, the KOOS—but no other outcome measure used—indicated that patellar resurfacing may be beneficial in TKA.     

髌骨合理设计在全膝关节置换中的临床效果

目的探讨髌骨合理设计后重塑在全膝关节置换(TKA)中的临床效果。方法根据股骨假体滑动轨迹及所需置换髌骨的形态,对56例TKA患者(72膝)术中进行髌骨合理设计并重塑,观察患者术后的关节活动度及疼痛情况,用KSS膝关节评分系统评定治疗效果。结果 56例均获得随访,时间6~18个月。仅1例患者膝关节活动度70°,活动较差,但疼痛明显减轻;其余患者屈曲活动度在0°~110°。KSS评分:优69膝,良2膝,中1膝,优良率达到98.6%。结论术中根据股骨假体滑动轨迹对髌骨合理设计并重塑,可以使未进行髌骨置换的TKA患者取得满意的治疗效果。     

术前活动度对人工全膝关节置换术后功能影响的观察

目的回顾性分析患者手术前的活动度对人工全膝关节置换(TKA)术后功能的影响。方法随访2000年1月—2003年12月在我科行TKA的患者65例(97膝),年龄64．8±9．9岁(35～85岁)。其中骨性关节炎55例(81膝),类风湿关节炎10例(16膝)。单膝置换33例,双膝同时置换32例。所有患者按术前膝关节活动度数(ROM)分成两组,≤90°(5°～90°)49膝,>90°(95°～140°)48膝。对两组患者进行疗效(最大屈膝度、活动度、KSS评分及功能评分)对比。所有患者均采用Scorpio后稳定型骨水泥固定的假体,均为初期置换,全部手术由同一组医师完成。术后3 d在同一康复师指导下行患肢CPM及主动功能锻炼至出院。结果平均随访时间29个月(10～44个月)。所有膝关节的活动度从术前的平均84．2°(5°～140°)提高到术后的平均101．6°(40°～140°) (P=0．000);而最大屈膝度数术前的平均103．5°(25°～140°)与术后的平均101．6°(40°～140°)无显著差异(P=0．439);KSS膝关节评分从术前平均19．5分(-24～62分)提高到术后平均78．8分(50～95分)(P=0．000)。所有患者的总满意度为93．8％(61／65)。两个分组比较,ROM≤90°的膝关节ROM及最大屈膝度术后均较术前有提高,而ROM>90°的膝关节平均最大屈膝度术后反而下降。没有翻修及深部感染。结论(1)在影响TKA术后膝关节功能的多种因素中,手术技术是关键因素。(2)在其他因素相同的情况下,术前膝关节的活动度对TKA术后的功能也有很大的影响,术前活动度大的膝关节比那些术前活动度小的膝关节术后能获得更好的功能。