塑料食品包装材料中有毒有害化学残留物及分析方法

食品包装材料中有毒有害化学物质的迁移是引起食品污染的重要途径之一。本文主要根据近年来发表的有关食品包装材料、卫生检测领域的相关文献为基础,针对塑料食品包装材料中的单体、低聚体、添加剂和污染物等几类有毒有害化学物质的组成、毒性、卫生限量标准及主要检测方法进行了分析,为相关食品包装企业的质量控制技术人员和科研工作者提供参考。     

塑料食品包装材料的卫生安全性分析

食品包装材料中有毒有害化学物质的迁移是引起食品污染的重要途径之一。本文主要根据近年来发表的有关食品包装材料领域的相关文献为基础,针对塑料食品包装材料中的加工助剂、油墨和树脂自身中的有毒有害物质等迁移物产生的危害进行了分析,为塑料食品包装材料的质量控制提供参考。     

食品包装材料中有害物质迁移分析及新型材料的应用

食品包装材料是影响食品安全的重要因素之一,涉及食品生产、贮藏及销售等各个环节,本文主要分析食品包装材料中塑料包装材料、纸质包装材料、陶瓷包装材料及金属包装材料的应用及其有害成分的迁移研究,列举新型材料在食品包装方面的应用,为食品质量与安全的研究提供一定参考。     

陶瓷食品包装材料中铅、镉向真实食品的迁移研究

陶瓷食品包装容器中的有害重金属铅、镉向食品的迁移会造成食品污染进而危害消费者身体健康.本文通过制备含有铅、镉这两种重金属元素的陶瓷样品,使之分别在20℃和40℃的条件下与白酒、黄酒、醋和酸豆角汁这四种真实食品接触一定时间来研究这两种重金属的迁移行为.结果表明:铅、镉迁移量随着温度的升高而增加,并且迁移速率也与温度成正比;铅、镉的迁移量受食品的pH影响,pH越低,迁移量越高;铅的迁移量还与酒精度成反比,酒精度越高,铅的迁移量越少.     

淋膜纸基食包材料中UV固化油墨光引发剂的应用现状及存在的问题

正光引发剂是UV油墨的重要组成部分,广泛应用于食品包装的印刷中。由于部分光引发剂不仅具有致癌性、皮肤和生殖毒性,还会迁移到食品中,已经成为食品中的危险污染物。欧盟、中国等发布了系列法规和标准对其使用和在产品中的含量进行规范。本文介绍了相关光引发剂的应用研究现状和目前所存在的问题。引言食品包装也是食品中不可分割的     

食品接触材料专题征稿函

正食品接触材料是指用于制造食品包装容器和构成食品包装的材料总称,包括纸、塑料、金属、玻璃、陶瓷等原材料以及粘合剂,涂覆材料等各种辅助材料。食品包装是食品的重要组成部分,具有保护食品不受外来生物、化学和物理因素的影响,维持食品质量稳定的特点。为了满足各种食品的包装要求,接触材料必须具备适当的阻隔性、足够的机械强度、化学稳定性、耐高温及光学性能等多种性能。此外,当接触材料直接与食品接触时,有些物质会迁移渗透到食品中,可能导致食品的安全隐患。因此,食品接触材料的安全问题也显得尤为重要。鉴于此,本刊特别策划了"食品接触材料"专题,由广州海关技术中心钟怀宁研究员担任专题主编,主要围绕食品接触材料的制备、性能(机械性能、阻隔性、化学稳定性、抗菌性及其他性能)、接触材料中有害     

“食品包装材料”专题征稿函

正食品包装材料是指用于制造食品包装容器和构成食品包装的材料总称,包括纸、塑料、金属、玻璃、陶瓷等原材料以及粘合剂,涂覆材料等各种辅助材料。食品包装是食品的重要组成部分,具有保护食品不受外来生物、化学和物理因素的影响,维持食品质量稳定的特点。为了满足各种食品的包装要求,食品包装材料必须具备适当的阻隔性、足够的机械强度、化学稳定性、耐高温及光学性能等多种性能。新型食品包装材料还被赋予保鲜、活性和智能等功能。此外,当包装材料直接与食品接触时,有些物质会迁移渗透到食品中,可能导致食品安全隐患。因此,食品包装材料的安全问题也显得尤为重要。     

国内外纸塑复合食品包装材料安全法规的现状

纸塑复合食品包装材料因其便利性而得到广泛应用,但纸、塑料以及印刷油墨、胶粘剂中的小分子化学残留物通常会迁移到食品中,造成食品污染并威胁到消费者的健康。本文论述了美国FDA、欧盟EC及中国的纸塑复合食品包装材料的相关法律法规,重点对法规中规定的需检测的有害物质进行了论述,介绍了FDA规定的间接食品添加剂、"阀值管理"方式、EC规定的重金属迁移量指标以及中国针对塑料、纸和具体产品的相应规定。     

食品接触铝罐食品安全标准体系国内外对比分析研究

食品安全法规标准是我国食品包装行业发展的重要理论依据。本文首先梳理和综述食品接触铝罐安全标准体系现状,通过对比分析中国、ISO、欧盟、美国、日本和韩国等国家或地区的食品接触铝罐标准法规现状,研究国内外食品接触铝罐食品安全法律法规体系差异,总为我国食品接触铝罐及其他金属容器的标准法规体系的完善提供参考和依据。其次,开展国内外食品接触铝罐的食品安全标准指标对比分析,通过对国内外食品接触铝罐的食品安全标准指标如有机污染物、重金属、总迁移量及迁移试验方法的对比分析,为完善我国食品接触铝罐安全标准指标提供依据。最后,在开展上述对比分析研究的基础上,提出了我国食品接触铝罐法规标准的发展建议。本文为食品包装行业了解国内外相关标准法规、理解相关安全指标提供知识信息,为完善我国食品接触铝罐安全标准体系提供参考。     

《食品包装》课程的教学初探

包装作为食品生产过程中的重要环节,对保障流通过程中的食品质量与安全至关重要。食品包装涉及食品科学、包装技术与方法、包装材料与容器、包装标准与法规等相关知识。本课程重点介绍食品特性、食品包装原理、食品包装保质期预测理论与方法、典型食品的包装工艺与质量控制、食品包装安全、包装标准与法规等,并反映当代国际有关食品包装理论与技术等的最新技术成果和发展方向。本课程从食品保质包装理论与方法角度认识食品包装,以进一步提高学生专业理论水平,扩展专业知识领域,为学生从事产品特别是食品包装技术领域的研发打下基础。     

Migration and sorption phenomena in packaged foods

Rapidly developing analytical capabilities and continuously evolving stringent regulations have made food/package interactions a subject of intense research. This article focusses on: (1) the migration of package components such as oligomers and monomers, processing aids, additives, and residual reactants in to packaged foods, and (2) sorption of food components such as flavors, lipids, and moisture into packages. Principles of diffusion and thermodynamics are utilized to describe the mathematics of migration and sorption. Mathematical models are developed from first principles, and their applicability is illustrated using numerical simulations and published data. Simulations indicate that available models are system (polymer‐penetrant) specific. Furthermore, some models best describe the early stages of migration/sorption, whereas others should be used for the late stages of these phenomena. Migration‐ and/or sorption‐related problems with respect to glass, metal, paper‐based and polymeric packaging materials are discussed, and their importance is illustrated using published examples. The effects of migrating and absorbed components on food safety, quality, and the environment are presented for various foods and packaging materials. The impact of currently popular packaging techniques such as microwavable, ovenable, and retortable packaging on migration and sorption are discussed with examples. Analytical techniques for investigating migration and sorption phenomena in food packaging are critically reviewed, with special emphasis on the use and characteristics of food‐simulating liquids (FSLs). Finally, domestic and international regulations concerning migration in packaged foods, and their impact on food packaging is briefly presented.     

纸质食品包装材料的矿物油迁移研究进展

食品中的矿物油污染物是指石油来源的C10~C50烃类化合物, 包括烷烃矿物油(mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons, MOSH)和芳烃矿物油(mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons, MOAH)2大类。近年来的研究表明, 食品中的矿物油污染物主要来源于食品的回收纸包装材料迁移。本文综述了国外近十年来纸质包装材料的矿物油迁移研究情况, 包括纸质包装材料迁移的矿物油分析方法——液相色谱-气相色谱联用法; 矿物油迁移至食品的2种方式: 气态扩散迁移和包装材料接触迁移; 降低矿物油迁移的技术方法, 即食品包装纸质材料的回收工艺, 向包装纸质中添加活性炭等吸附剂以及增加阻隔层以阻挡矿物油的迁移。旨在为相关企业和机构提供数据与技术参考。     

婴配食品中氯丙醇酯的污染状况及检测方法研究进展

氯丙醇酯类污染物对人体具有潜在的危害,目前已被发现普遍存在于精炼植物油、含油脂性食品及动物乳汁及母乳中,其中精炼植物油尤其是精炼棕榈油中的污染水平较高。婴配食品中脂肪的主要来源是精炼植物油及动物脂肪,对于以婴配食品为主要食物来源的婴儿来说,此类污染物的暴露水平较高可能造成潜在的健康危害。目前婴配食品中氯丙醇酯类污染物的研究数据有限,且国内外相关法律法规不足,造成监管及生产环节关注有限。本文以婴配食品为关注点,综合介绍了国内外婴配食品中的氯丙醇酯污染状况及暴露危害、相关法律法规,并简要介绍了婴配食品中常用的氯丙醇酯检测方法,以帮助监管机构、生产企业及检测机构全面了解行业氯丙醇酯污染现状并及时做出改善。     

A study on the migration of organic pollutants from recycled paperboard packaging materials to solid food matrices

Paper and board are widely used as food packaging materials, mainly for disposable products. As public interest in conservation of natural resources has accelerated in the past several years, the use of recycled paper and board has increased. Recycled fiber materials can be used in certain limits as food contact materials. The safety of recycled fiber-based materials for food contact applications is largely dictated by the ability of post-consumer contaminants to be absorbed into recycled materials and later released by the packaging material and trapped on the food. The present work was undertaken with the aim of investigating the physicochemical behavior of selected model contaminants on paper and board, in contact with foodstuffs thus producing a fundamental set of data about their mobility from recycled paper and board into foods. More specifically, the kinetics of migration of selected model contaminants (surrogates) from contaminated recycled paper packaging samples into dry foodstuffs with different fat content was studied using a method based on solvent extraction and GC-FID quantification. Results showed the ability of selected contaminants of various types and various volatilities to potentially transfer to dry foods. The proportion of substances migrated to food was strongly dependent on the nature of the paper samples, fat content of the food, chemical nature and volatility of the migrant. The highest level of migration of organic pollutants was observed for the substrate with the highest fat content. Furthermore, it is shown that contact time and temperature have a significant effect on migration of model contaminants into foods.     

食品包装油墨迁移研究进展

食品安全越来越受到广泛关注,包装材料中油墨引起的食品质量问题频频发生,本文论述国内外包装油墨安全相关的法规及要求,总结国内外油墨迁移研究现状,为今后的食品包装油墨安全提供法律依据和实验指导。     

欧美和我国食品包装材料法规及标准比较分析

随着人们对食品安全重视程度的增加,食品包装作为接触食品的重要组成部分,其安全性以及管理重要性也逐渐被人们所认识。世界各国特别是欧盟和美国等发达国家对于食品包装已经形成了比较成熟的管理机制。本文分别介绍了欧盟、美国和中国关于食品包装材料法律法规、标准的相关规定,并对于欧盟、美国和中国对于食品包装定义、相关规定的差异进行了简要分析,同时简单介绍了欧盟、美国和中国对于食品包装材料不同的管理方法 ,重点分析了我国食品包装材料标准体系现状,并发现其存在的问题。指出我国应加快标准的制修订工作,完善标准体系,建立以风险评估为基础的科学性标准制定程序,同时应该努力实现国际、国内、行业、企业共同合作制定食品包装标准。     

Determination of toluene and other residual solvents in various food packaging materials by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)

Levels of toluene and other residual solvents were evaluated in food packaging materials as a preventive action against hazard occurrence in foods via migration and to confirm food safety. Automated headspace sampling and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS) were used to determine residual solvent levels in the food packaging materials. Correlation coefficients as calibration factors were over 0.999 and relative standard deviations (RSD) of repeatability were below 3.6%. Limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.001 to 0.01 mg/m². The levels of 7 residual solvents including toluene for potential migration from food packaging materials to food samples were below Korean regulatory limits.     

Microbial control by packaging: a review

Since early man first used a variety of natural containers to store and eat foods, significant developments in food packaging materials have provided the means to suppress microbial growth as well as protect foods from external microbial contamination. Throughout this progression, packaging materials have been developed specifically to prevent the deterioration of foods resulting from exposure to air, moisture, or pH changes associated with the food or the surrounding atmosphere. Both flexible and rigid packaging materials, alone or in combination with other preservation methods, have been developed to offer the necessary barrier, inactivation, and containment properties required for successful food packaging. Examples of flexible packaging used to inactivate microorganisms associated with foods include controlled atmosphere, vacuum, modified atmosphere, active, and edible packaging. Additionally, the combination of rigid packaging materials made from metal, glass, or plastic with heat provides the most effective and widely used method for inactivating microorganisms. As with all food products, it is necessary to integrate a HACCP-based program to assure quality throughout the packaging operation. In addition to packaging improvements, other novel technologies include the development of detectors for oxygen levels, bacterial toxins, and microbial growth, or the integration of time-temperature indicators for detection of improper handling or storage.