浅谈单模光纤和多模光纤

在光纤通信系统中,用于传输信息的光纤按其传输特性又要分为单模光纤和多模光纤,在此我就其传导模式,各自特性及一些重要参量对单模光纤和多模光纤进行简单介绍。 一、光纤的传导模式 我们知道,由于光在不同介质中的传播速度不同,光线经过两个不同介质的交界面时,就产生折射。当光线由光密媒质射向光疏媒质,其折射角将比入射角大。我们适当改变入射角时,会使折射角Qo=     

空间散射光到单模光纤的耦合

空间散射光到光纤的耦合在许多领域都得到广泛的应用。然而,当被测物体较大时,如何有效地将空间散射光有效地耦合到光纤的研究还较少。耦合效率和接收视场是空间散射光耦合到光纤接收装置的两个重要的特性参数。文中通过理论分析和软件仿真,分析了在径向移动、轴线移动和不同入射角的情况下,改写耦合效率的变换,比较了在满足一定的耦合效率时,光纤接收装置的几种透镜耦合方式接收视场的大小。最后,通过实验对仿真内容进行了验证。     

单模光纤与多模光纤的色散

色散是光纤的传输特性之一。由于不同波长光脉冲在光纤中具有不同的传播速度,因此,色散反应了光脉冲沿光纤传播时的展宽。光纤的色散现象对光纤通信极为不利。光纤数字通信传输的是一系列脉冲码,光纤在传输中的脉冲展宽,导致了脉冲与脉冲相重叠现象,即产生了码可干扰,从而形成传输码的失误,造成差错。为避免误码出现,就要拉长脉冲间距,导致传输速率降低,从而减少了通信容量。另一方面,光纤脉冲的展宽程度随着传输距离的增长而越来越严重。因此,为了避免误码,光纤的传输距离也要缩短。光纤的色散可分为：     

半导体激光器与单模光纤的耦合—理论与实验研究

本文介绍半导体激光器与单模光纤耦合的理论与实验研究.采用拉锥光纤,实验测量的高功率大辐射角半导体激光器与单模光纤之间的耦合效率为44％.     

光纤偏移对空间光-单模光纤耦合效率的影响

空间光-单模光纤耦合的关键技术是怎样确保耦合系统中光纤的准确定位。基于电磁场模场匹配理论,讨论了光纤偏移对空间光-单模光纤耦合效率的影响,结果显示耦合效率随着光纤偏移的增大显著下降。采用光纤调整架以及微透镜光纤可以显著改善耦合效率,讨论结果有助于空间光-单模光纤耦合器件的优化设计。     

平端光纤与锥端微透镜光纤的耦合研究

建立了平端光纤与锥端微透镜光纤对耦合的理论模型,得到耦合系数的计算公式.用研磨技术制作了几种不同锥角的光纤,并对它们进行耦合试验,得到最大耦合效率.实验表明实验结果与理论计算结果是一致的.     

大芯径多模石英光纤端面耦合技术研究

对大芯径多模光纤端面耦合技术进行了研究，实验测量了光纤端面间的横向偏离、轴向偏离及光纤轴夹角对耦合效率的影响，其中光纤端面间的横向偏离对耦合效率影响较大，这些实验结果对大芯径多模光纤端面间的连接或熔接以及提高耦合效率具有一定意义。     

星地链路空间光至单模光纤耦合效率补偿特性研究

在入射光瞳面处针对星地激光链路中空间光至单模光纤耦合效率补偿特性进行了研究,依据星地下行链路特点,对星地下行链路光纤耦合效率模型进行分析。在此基础上,利用基于单模光纤后向传输模场为加权函数的加权孔径正交多项式,建立光纤耦合接收系统波前相位模式补偿理论模型,运用该理论模型,通过数值模拟对波前相位进行模式补偿,给出波前相位模式补偿下平均光纤耦合效率与接收孔径尺寸和相位补偿项数的变化关系,以及典型接收孔径下采取一定项数的波前相位补偿后光纤耦合效率概率分布,为基于光纤耦合接收方式的星地激光通信链路波前补偿系统设计提供一定理论参考。     

激光成像系统中高耦合效率单模光纤耦合器设计

在三维激光成像系统中,其性能表现绝大部分决定于器件接收背反射光能幅度的大小,以及耦合器中空间光到光纤纤芯的光耦合效率的高低.为了增加耦合器中激光能量到纤芯内的耦合效率,提出了一种新型非球面透镜到锥形光纤头的耦合器的设计,得到了该耦合器中耦合效率的解析表达式.通过优化耦合透镜的倒相对孔径,对应波长为1 310 nm和1 ...     

Low-loss coupling of multiple fiber arrays to single-mode waveguides

A method for obtaining permanent low-loss couping between arrys of single-mode fiber and Ti:LiNbO3waveguides is described. The technique, based on the use of silicon chip V-grooves, simplifies the coupling problem by simultaneously aligning the entire array and by providing a large surface area for a higher integrity adhesive bond. Atlambda = 1.3 mum, we measure an average 1.9-dB coupling loss (exclusive of propagation loss) for the assembled array. The average excess loss due to the fiber array is 0.8 dB. We present an analysis of the effect of various types of array misalignment on coupling efficiency. Angular alignment and array periodicity are found to be critical. If the fiber and waveguide periodicities are matched exactly, the fibers need only be placed withinpm 1.3mum of their optimum position to maintain coupling efficiencies greater than 90 percent.     

Tapered single-mode optical fiber evanescent coupling

We describe the results of a numerical and experimental investigation of how a point source of radiation couples light to the HE ₁₁ mode of a tapered single-mode fiber. Specifically, we have investigated two different geometries of nonadiabatic, tapered single-mode optical fiber. The motivation for this study is the characterization of a single-mode tapered optical fiber biosensor. In such a device light is collected from fluorescent sources located along the cladding surface of the tapered fiber. Taper-to-taper coupling measurements and fiber mode calculations indicate the device sensitivity decreases exponentially as sources are moved away from the tip of the tapered fiber     

An effective method for coupling single-mode fiber to thin-filmwaveguide

An effective method for coupling optical signals from single-mode fibers to thin-film waveguides is proposed. The authors show that this method provides high coupling efficiency for connecting fibers of different core diameters to thin-film waveguides of different film thicknesses or refractive indexes. The authors summarize the theoretical treatment of the coupler. Examples of couplers designed for SiO₂ -based materials as well as iron garnets are presented. Fabrication of the proposed coupler and its experimental results are described     

单模光纤与单模平面波导端面激励耦合的研究

本文研究了单模光纤与Ti内扩散LiNbO_3单模平面光波导的端面激励耦合问题。测量了它们的场强分布轮廓,给出了两者位置失配影响耦合效率的实验数据。在光纤输出端用光致抗触剂制作一个微透镜,缩小光纤输出的高斯光束束腰尺寸,耦合效率提高了1.47倍,与理论计算值相符。     

用腐蚀熔融法制造单模激光二极管与单模光纤相耦合的半球微透镜

近年来由于单模光纤研究的极大成功，促进了单模光纤通信系统和单模光纤应用技术的迅速发展。单模光纤的实际损耗已降到接近理论值，因此为进一步改善单模光纤传输系统的信噪比，提高激     

Efficient self-aligning multibeam coupling into a single-mode fiber

We present and demonstrate a method for efficient coupling of many beams into a single-mode fiber. Using the phase conjugating property for mutually incoherent beams of the double phase conjugate mirror (DPCM), we achieved coupling for a full 6×6 matrix of beams into a single-mode fiber. In principle, this number of input channels can be increased manyfold beyond the 36 used in our experiment. Of the phase conjugate generated by the DPCM in the direction of the fiber, over 97% (Fresnel corrected) entered the fiber, thus giving a highly accurate coupling. The DPCM transmission efficiency itself was measured at 40% (Fresnel corrected), thus giving an overall coupling efficiency of 39%. By optimizing the DPCM parameters, a significantly higher overall coupling could be achieved. An additional advantage of this method is that the DPCM will reconfigure if there are small changes in the system, thus making the system very robust. This multichannel coupling method can be of importance in the coupling of the output beams of a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) into a single-mode fiber where each channel may carry independently modulated information. This technique can be further generalized to a bidirectional multisingle-mode fiber interconnection system, of which a basic 3×2 system is demonstrated     

High efficiency single-mode fibre to Ti:LiNbO3 waveguide coupling

We have achieved a single-mode fibre to waveguide to fibre total insertion loss as low as 1 dB for a 1 cm-long titanium-diffused lithium niobate waveguide.