骨转换标志物PINP和β⁃CTX在帕金森病患者发生骨质疏松中的预测价值

目的：研究骨转换标志物Ⅰ型胶原氨基端前肽（procollagen type Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide,PINP）、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端前肽（β-cross-linked ctelopeptide of type I collagen,β-CTX）在帕金森病（Parkinson’s disease,PD）并发骨质疏松中的预测价值。方法：纳入PD患者105例,根据是否合并骨质疏松分为骨质疏松组和非骨质疏松组,对所有患者检测25（OH）D、甲状旁腺激素、骨钙素、β-CTX、PINP等骨代谢指标,分析各指标与骨质疏松发生之间的关系。结果：①骨质疏松组少动强直型比例、女性比例、PINP、骨钙素、β-CTX水平均高于非骨质疏松组,骨质疏松组25（OH）D水平低于非骨质疏松组,差异均具有统计学意义; ②相关分析结果显示PD患者骨质疏松发生与骨钙素（r=0.28,P=0.005）、β-CTX（r=0.36,P=0.001）、PINP（r=0.40,P＜0.001）均呈正相关,与25（OH）D（r=-0.30,P=0.002）、PINP/β-CTX（r=-0.56,P＜0.001）均呈负相关,差异具有统计学意义;③多因素二元Lo- gistic 回归分析显示,25（OH）D（OR=0.95,95%CI：0.84~0.98,P=0.041）、PINP/β-CTX（OR=0.90,95%CI：0.83~0.98,P=0.017）是 PD病合并骨质疏松的独立危险因素;④ROC曲线分析示25（OH）D联合PINP/β-CTX时ROC曲线下面积最大,AUC=0.82,灵敏性=0.80,特异性=0.84,P＜0.001。结论：血清25（OH）D水平及PINP/β-CTX比值与PD患者骨质疏松发生密切相关,在PD患者骨质疏松的发生中具有重要的预测价值,二者联合检测时诊断价值更高。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清25-羟维生素D水平与Th17相关细胞因子表达的关系

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者血清25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]水平与Th17相关细胞因子表达水平的关系。方法收集124例COPD患者和188名对照者,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清25(OH)D、IL-17A、IL-6、IL-21和IL-23水平。结果与对照组相比,COPD患者中血清25(OH)D平均水平显著降低(P=0.007),而血清IL-17A、IL-6、IL-21和IL-23平均水平显著增高(P=0.002、0.005、0.001、0.005)。与稳定期COPD患者相比,急性加重期患者中血清25(OH)D平均水平显著降低(P=0.000),而血清IL-17A、IL-6、IL-21和IL-23平均水平显著增高(P=0.002、0.000、0.001、0.007)。与从未吸烟或已戒烟的COPD患者相比,吸烟患者中血清25(OH)D平均水平显著降低(P=0.000),而血清IL-17A、IL-6、IL-21和IL-23平均水平显著增高(P=0.007、0.003、0.006、0.006)。此外,与未经吸入性糖皮质激素(ICS)治疗的COPD患者相比,经ICS治疗的患者中血清IL-17A、IL-6、IL-21和IL-23的平均水平均显著降低(P=0.004、0.004、0.040、0.010)。线性回归分析显示,COPD患者中血清25(OH)D平均水平与IL-17A (β=-0.164, P=0.002)、IL-23(β=-0.138, P=0.006)、IL-6(β=-0.720, P=0.000)呈负相关。结论COPD患者中血清25(OH)D水平与Th17相关细胞因子表达水平密切相关,并且都能影响患者的临床病理特征。     

社区2型糖尿病患者血尿酸水平与代谢综合征的关系

目的 探讨社区2型糖尿病患者血尿酸水平与代谢综合征的关系。方法 社区1008例2型糖尿病患者纳入本研究,根据血尿酸三分位水平将患者分为3组：T1（n=367）、T2（n=321）和T3（n=320）,比较3组患者的临床特征,分析血尿酸水平与代谢性综合征的关系。结果 3组患者在糖尿病病程、高血压、体重指数、腰臀比、肌酐、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇、空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、空腹C肽、餐后2h C肽、糖基化血红蛋白间的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;3组患者代谢综合征发生率依次升高,分别为34.1%、46.1%和64.7%（P=0.000）;在校正年龄、性别、糖尿病病程、吸烟史和饮酒史等混杂因素后,以低位组作为参考,中位组和高位组患者代谢综合征的危险度分别增加1.580倍（95% CI：1.154~2.164,P=0.000）和3.611倍（95% CI：2.539~5.315,P=0.000）;2型糖尿病患者中血尿酸较高者更易合并4~5个代谢综合征组分;Binary Logistic回归分析结果显示,血尿酸三分位水平与代谢综合征的发生率显著相关（P<0.05）。结论 社区2型糖尿病患者血尿酸水平与代谢综合征密切相关,血尿酸水平增高是2型糖尿病患者代谢综合征发生的一个独立危险因素。     

不同体质指数新诊断男性2型糖尿病患者25-羟维生素D水平及相关性分析

目的 分析新诊断男性2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者体内25-羟维生素D水平的变化,探讨其与体质指数（BMI）、胰岛素抵抗（IR）和胰岛β细胞功能的关系。方法 收集2018年1月至2019年12月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院（安徽省立医院）内分泌科住院新诊断男性T2DM患者84例作为T2DM组,选择同期在医院健康体检中心的男性体检者30例作为对照组。检测血清25（OH） D3、空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹胰岛素水平（FIns）等指标,并于75 g葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）或馒头餐试验后30、60和120 min采集静脉血检测血糖和胰岛素。结果 T2DM组血清25（OH） D₃水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。随着BMI水平增高,25（OH） D₃水平降低,胰岛β细胞功能指数（HOMA-β）呈下降趋势（P<0.05）,胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）呈上升趋势（P<0.05）。T2DM组行馒头餐或OGTT试验后不同时间的血糖、胰岛素、C肽水平差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。随时间的推移各数值均有上升趋势,组别和时间因素对血糖、胰岛素、c肽水平变化有交互作用（P<0.05）。25（OH） D3与BMI、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、HOMA-IR、HOMA-β呈负相关（P<0.05）。结论 低水平25（OH） D3可能与导致T2DM发病的IR及胰岛素敏感性下降有关。     

维生素D与新疆急性脑梗死患者神经功能缺损相关性分析

目的 研究维生素D缺乏对新疆地区急性脑梗死患者神经功能缺损程度的影响。方法 收集自2016年12月~2017年7月收治于新疆医科大学第一附属医院的156例急性脑梗死患者为病例组,同期77例健康体检者为对照组,测定其血清25-羟维生素D水平,并进行NIHSS评分评估神经功能缺损程度;比较急性脑梗死患者及健康体检者血清25-羟维生素D差异,分析血清25-羟维生素D与NIHSS评分及脑梗死面积关系,同时建立多元Logistic回归模型分析其神经功能缺损程度的关系。结果 急性脑梗死患者血清25-羟维生素D水平较健康体检组显著偏低（P<0.01）;NIHSS评分与25（OH） D₃水平呈负相关（P<0.01）;与梗死面积不相关（P>0.05）;Logistic回归分析显示血清25（OH） D₃水平是影响神经功能缺损的独立危险因素（OR=0.94,95%CI：0.91~0.97,P=0.001）。结论 血清25（OH） D₃参与脑梗死的发生、发展,急性脑梗死患者血清25（OH） D₃水平越低,神经功能缺失程度越重,可以作为患者病情严重程度的预测指标之一。     

TYG-BMI在维生素D和非酒精性脂肪肝中的中介作用

目的 分析维生素D水平、甘油三酯葡萄糖-体质指数（triglyceride glucose-body mass index,TYG-BMI）与2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes,T2DM）合并非酒精性脂肪肝（nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD）患者的相关性,探讨TYG-BMI在维生素D缺乏对NAFLD影响中的作用。方法 纳入河北省人民医院内分泌科住院的434例成年T2DM患者为研究对象。收集患者的人口学基本信息和血液指标,NAFLD通过超声诊断。维生素D缺乏定义为25-羟基维生素D［25-hydroxyvitamin D,25（OH）D］<20 ng/mL。采用Spearman相关分析方法,探讨25（OH）D、TYG-BMI和T2DM合并NAFLD危险因素之间的相关性。采用多元逻辑回归分析方法探讨25（OH）D、TYG-BMI与NAFLD之间的联系。采用中介分析方法探索TYG-BMI是否介导25（OH）D和NAFLD之间的联系。结果 ①在所有纳入的T2DM患者中,NAFLD组比无NAFLD组的25（OH）D水平更低［15.89（12.33,19.94） vs. 18.27（14.05,24.63）,P<0.05］,TYG-BMI水平更高［213.59（191.92,237.60） vs. 176.91（159.55,196.86）,P<0.05］,并且男性和女性均有同样的变化趋势（P<0.05）。②按照25（OH）D水平不同分组发现,维生素D缺乏组的NAFLD患病率（60.1%）高于维生素D不足组（45.4%）及维生素D充足组（23.3%）,差异存在统计学意义（P<0.05）。③无论是男性患者还是女性患者,血清25（OH）D水平均与TYG-BMI呈负相关（男：r=-0.215,P<0.001;女：r=-0.271,P<0.001）。④采用logistic回归调整混杂因素后发现维生素D缺乏是T2DM患者发生NAFLD的危险因素（Model 1 OR=2.347,95%CI=1.423~3.871,P=0.001;Model 2 OR=2.478,95%CI=1.472~4.172,P=0.001;Model 3 OR=2.057,95%CI=1.172~3.610,P=0.012）。进一步按性别分亚组进行logistic回归分析,仅在女性中发现维生素D缺乏是T2DM患者发生NAFLD的独立危险因素（Model 1 OR=5.52,95%CI=2.008~15.177,P=0.001;Model 2 OR=5.342,95%CI=1.776-16.061,P=0.003;Model 3 OR=3.734,95%CI=1.108~12.578,P=0.034）。⑤在所有患者、男性患者和女性患者中TYG-BMI与NAFLD患病率均呈正相关（P<0.05）。⑥中介分析发现在所有患者或女性患者中,TYG-BMI部分介导了25（OH）D对NAFLD患病率的间接影响（中介百分比：所有患者58.66%,女性患者38.07%）,而男性没有。结论 仅在女性T2DM患者中,维生素D缺乏与T2DM合并NAFLD发病率增加相关。其中维生素D缺乏导致T2DM合并NAFLD发生率增加的原因部分由TYG-BMI介导。     

妊娠糖尿病患者血清Betatrophin、Omentin-1水平与糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗的相关性

目的 探讨妊娠糖尿病（GDM）患者血清Betatrophin、脂肪组织中网膜素１（Omentin-1）水平变化特点,分析其与糖脂代谢和胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法 选择2019年5月—2020年8月承德市中心医院妇产科接诊的179例孕妇。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测所有孕妇妊娠10～14周血清Betatrophin、Omentin-1水平。所有孕妇妊娠24～26周进行口服葡萄糖糖耐量试验（OGTT）,其中,119例被诊断为GDM（GDM组）,60例血糖水平正常的孕妇为对照组。检测两组孕妇的总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）及糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平。采用稳态模型计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）。分析Betatrophin、Omentin-1与GDM患者糖脂代谢指标的相关性。多元线性逐步回归分析GDM患者HOMA-IR的影响因素。结果 GDM组孕前体重指数（BMI）、FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR、HbA1c、TC、LDL-C、Betatrophin水平高于对照组（P <0.05）,Omentin-1水平低于对照组（P <0.05）。相关性分析结果显示GDM患者血清Betatrophin与TG（r_s =0464）、HOMA-IR（r =0.610）、LDL-C（r =0.512）呈正相关（均P <0.05）,Omentin-1水平与孕前BMI（r_s =-0.304）、LDL-C（r =-0.543）、FBG（r =-0.475）、FINS（r =-0.435）、HOMA-IR（r =-0.576）呈负相关（均P <0.05）。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示TG、LDL-C、Betatrophin、Omentin-1是GDM患者HOMA-IR的影响因素（P <0.05）。结论 GDM患者血清Betatrophin水平升高,Omentin-1水平降低,Betatrophin、Omentin-1均与GDM患者糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗有关。     

维生素D缺乏与多囊卵巢综合征发病机制的相关性研究

目的：探讨维生素D（vitamin D,VD）缺乏与多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovarian syndrome,PCOS）发病机制之间的关联。方法：检测34例PCOS患者和30例正常健康女性体内VD水平,并对其临床资料进行相关性分析;构建VD缺乏小鼠模型和 PCOS小鼠模型,分为正常对照组（control,CTR组）、PCOS组、VD缺乏组（VD^-组）、VD缺乏联合PCOS组（VD^- +PCOS组）。观察各组小鼠动情周期及卵巢形态改变;检测小鼠血清性激素指标、糖脂代谢指标;实时定量聚合酶链反应（real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,RT-qPCR）法检测各组小鼠卵巢组织中激素合成酶及性激素受体mRNA表达水平。结果：PCOS女性体内25-羟维生素D［25-hydroxyvitamin D,25（OH）D］水平较正常健康女性明显降低［（16.49 ± 6.50）ng/mL vs.（20.08 ± 5.28）ng/mL, P=0.019］。PCOS组血清中黄体生成素（luteinizing hormone,LH）、睾酮（testosterone,TT）、黄体生成素与卵泡刺激素（follicular- stimulating hormone,FSH）比值即LH/FSH比值、游离雄激素指数（free androgen index,FAI）水平均明显高于对照组,性激素结合蛋白（sex hormone binding globulin,SHBG）水平明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。相关性分析结果显示,总样本人群血清25（OH）D水平与LH（r=-0.271,P < 0.05）、LH/FSH 比值（r=-0.314,P < 0.05）、TT（r=-0.276,P < 0.05）、垂体泌乳素（prolactin,PRL）（r=-0.274,P < 0.05）、FAI（r=-0.312,P < 0.05）均呈负相关,PCOS 患者血清 25（OH）D 水平与PRL存在负相关（r=-0.404,P < 0.05）。VD缺乏使小鼠动情周期发生停滞;与CTR组相比,其余各组小鼠血清中LH水平明显升高 （P < 0.05）;与CTR组相比,VD^-组小鼠卵巢组织中雄激素受体（androgen receptor,AR）mRNA表达上调（P < 0.05）。结论：PCOS 患者存在VD缺乏现象,PCOS患者血清25（OH）D水平与PRL存在负相关关系。VD缺乏扰乱了小鼠正常动情周期并影响性激素水平,VD缺乏可能通过调节性激素受体表达来参与PCOS发生。     

421例住院新生儿血清25羟维生素D水平的临床观察

目的 观察住院新生儿25羟维生素D[25（OH） D]水平,并分析其与临床指标之间的相关性。方法 随机选取421例住院新生儿,ELISA方法检测血清25（OH） D的水平,并用Pearson相关分析探讨25（OH） D水平与临床指标如肝肾功能、电解质及心肌酶谱等的相关性。结果 421例新生儿血清25（OH） D水平为15.31±8.36 ng/m1。早产儿（71例）、ABO溶血症（24例）、新生儿高胆红素血症（215例）、新生儿窒息（14例）、新生儿肺炎（22例）、新生儿湿肺（25例）血清25（OH） D水平分别是13.93±7.60、14.48±8.68、14.84±7.41、16.58±6.56、17.42±9.43、18.71±8.67ng/ml。与早产儿、ABO溶血症、高胆红素血症组相比,正常足月新生儿及新生儿湿肺组血清VitD水平明显升高（P < 0.05）。不同性别、不同出生体重新生儿血清25（OH） D水平无显著性差异。足月儿血清25（OH） D水平较早产儿明显升高。夏秋季出生的新生儿血清25（OH） D水平较春冬季出生的新生儿明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。秋季出生的新生儿总蛋白、球蛋白较春冬季出生的新生儿明显降低,而白蛋白/球蛋白较春冬季出生的新生儿明显升高,血钙在秋季出生的新生儿中最高。新生儿血清25（OH） D水平缺乏或不足比率较高,占73.1%。新生儿血清25（OH） D水平与母体25（OH） D水平高度相关（r=0.365,P=0.000）;与白蛋白、血钙呈正相关（r分别为0.123、0.221,P=0.009、0.000）;与体重、总胆红素呈负相关（r=-0.103、-0.148,P=0.036、0.002）;与胎龄、肾功能、心肌酶、白细胞计数、C反应蛋白无相关性。结论 不同疾病、胎龄、季节出生的新生儿血清25（OH） D水平不同,住院新生儿血清25（OH） D水平缺乏或不足非常普遍,血清25（OH） D水平与母体VitD水平、白蛋白、血钙、体重、总胆红素有一定的相关性。     

成年男性2型糖尿病患者血清游离睾酮水平及其相关因素研究

目的：　探讨男性2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM）患者血清游离睾酮（free testosterone,FT）水平及其相关影响因素。方法：　回顾性分析2018年2月至2019年2月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的18~70岁男性2型糖尿病患者303例,并以年龄1∶1匹配于本院体检的非糖尿病健康男性303例作为对照,比较2组间不同年龄段血清FT水平的差异。根据血清FT水平将T2DM组患者按四分位法分为Q1组、Q2组、Q3组和Q4组,采用Spearman秩相关分析FT水平的相关因素并采用logistic回归分析探讨男性T2DM患者低血清FT水平的影响因素。结果：　男性T2DM患者血清FT水平明显低于同年龄组的健康男性对照,且随年龄增长而降低;Spearman秩相关分析显示,FT与年龄（r=-0.402,P<0.001）、体质指数（body mass index,BMI）（r=0.215,P=0.001）、糖尿病病程（r=-0.121,P=0.035）呈负相关,与总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）（r=0.115,P=0.049）、25-羟维生素D₃[25-hydroxyl vitamin D₃,25-（OH）D₃]（r=0.340,P<0.001）、促甲状腺激素（thyroid-stimulating hormone,TSH）（r=0.231,P=0.025）呈正相关;多元logistic回归分析显示,在校正年龄、城乡分布、糖尿病病程、吸烟史、饮酒史后,高BMI（OR=1.101,95%CI=1.023~1.183,P=0.009）、高糖化血红蛋白（glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c）（OR=1.175,95%CI=1.060~1.302,P=0.002）、低25-（OH）D₃（OR=0.937,95%CI=0.900~0.975,P=0.001）及低TSH（OR=0.838,95%CI=0.710~0.989,P=0.037）是低FT水平的影响因素。结论：　成年男性T2DM患者血清FT水平低于同年龄组健康男性,低FT水平与高BMI、高HbA1c、低25-（OH）D₃及低TSH密切相关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.