High toughness alumina ceramics with elongated grains developed from seeds

Alumina ceramics have been used in a wide variety of engineering fields because of their excellent mechanical and electric properties as well as relatively low cost of manufacture. Now such alumina ceramics with flexural strength as high as 700—1000 MPa and Weibole mode of 40 have been prepared by using pure and ultra-fine powder[1,2]. However, the fracture toughness of the materials is very low, typically around 3 MPa·m1/2. Therefore, much effort has been made on the improvement of fractu…     

氧化铝透气陶瓷及透气性研究

研究添加造孔剂法和干压成型法制备氧化铝多孔透气陶瓷。以氧化铝为原料,分别用淀粉、蔗糖、蛋清作为造孔剂,用聚乙烯醇做粘结剂,在1700℃下烧结制得以开孔为主的氧化铝多孔透气陶瓷。通过抗弯曲强度测试检测样品的力学性能;利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)表征其物相成分、显微结构,对透气性进行测试。实验结果表明:试样的抗压强度随造孔剂的增多而减小;抗弯曲强度不随造孔剂的增多而增大,但是造孔剂含量过大时作用相反;烧结后试样的主要成分是α-Al2O3。用淀粉(10%)做造孔剂制得的样品具有较好的力学性能且气孔分布均匀.     

片状氧化铝粉体的控制合成及表征

研究了碳酸氢铵和硝酸铝在添加剂氟化铵作用下沉淀法合成片状氧化铝粉体,讨论了片状氧化铝粉体的形成机理.通过XRD,SEM对产物进行表征.结果表明氟化铵有效控制了氧化铝颗粒的大小和形貌,改善了氧化铝的结晶.适量加入氟化铵可以获得分布均匀、分散性良好,粒径3-8 μm,厚度0.2-0.3 μm的正六边形片状氧化铝粉体.     

烧结温度和成分对Al_2O_3-TiC复合材料力学性能影响

以α-Al2O3粉、TiC粉为原料,采用热压烧结工艺制备了Al2O3-TiC复合材料,系统研究了烧结温度以及成分对Al2O3-TiC复合材料的组织结构和力学性能的影响规律.结果表明:α-Al2O3与TiC间没有发生化学反应,两相间具有很好的化学相容性.TiC的引入有利于提高Al2O3-TiC复合材料的力学性能.1 600℃热压烧结的Al2O3-20%TiC复合材料具有最佳的力学性能,其抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别达到509.45 MPa和5.27 MPa·m1/2,复合材料的断裂方式主要是沿晶断裂,同时伴有穿晶断裂.     

Microstructure evolution and phase transformation of traditional cast and spray-formed hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloys induced by heat treatment

Microstructural evolution and phase transformation induced by different heat treatments of the hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloy, Al-25Si-5Fe-3Cu (wt%, signed as 3C), fabricated by traditional cast (TC) and spray forming (SF) processes, were investigated by dif-ferential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results show that Al7Cu2Fe phase can be formed and transformed in TC- and SF-3C alloys between 802-813 K. and 800-815 K, respectively. The transformation fromβ-Al5FeSi toδ-Al4FeSi2 phase via peritectic reaction can occur at around 858-870 K. and 876-890 K in TC- and SF-3C alloys, respectively. The starting precipitation temperature ofδ-Al4FeSi2 phase as the dominant Fe-bearing phase in the TC-3C alloy is 997 K and the exothermic peak about the peritectic transformation ofδ-Al4FeSi2→β-Al5FeSi is not detected in the present DSC experiments. Also, the mechanisms of the microstructural evolution and phase transformation are discussed.     

结合剂对Al2O3-SiC—C质铁沟浇注料性能的影响

研究了铝酸钙水泥、铝酸钙水泥／SiO2微粉、α—Al2O3微粉以及α—Al2O3微粉／SiO2微粉4种结合剂对Al2O3一SiC-C质浇注料性能的影响。结果表明,加入α—Al2O3微粉结合剂的材料性能最好,可以获得性能良好的铁沟浇注料。     

Al2O3／Zn合金复合材料凝固组织的扫描电镜观察

利用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）观察了铸造Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ｚｎ合金复合材料的凝固组织，研究了复合材料凝固组织的一般特征．研究结果表明，复合材料的组织致密，纤维分布均匀，基体晶粒细小；在复合材料的凝固过程中，氧化铝纤维可作为Ｚｎ合金共晶体非自发形核的衬底，纤维／基体界面上的硅在共晶体的共生生长过程中起了领先相作用，导致了复合材料的共晶转变是由铝硅共晶转变和锌铝共晶转变两部分组成．     

Si_3N_4的结构状态对放电等离子烧结制备Sialon陶瓷的影响

以纳米非晶-Si3N4、微米α-Si3N4、微米AlN、纳米Al2O3和纳米Y2O3为初始原料,采用放电等离子烧结工艺制备了Sialon陶瓷。通过调整配方中Si3N4对应原料的种类,研究了不同结构的Si3N4对合成Sialon陶瓷的影响。通过XRD和SEM对试样的物相和显微结构进行了表征,同时测试了试样的体积密度、抗弯强度、断裂韧性和维氏硬度。实验结果表明,配方中的Si3N4全部采用α-Si3N4,经SPS烧结后可获得α/β-Sialon陶瓷,当用纳米非晶-Si3N4逐步替换α-Si3N4时,所合成的Sialon陶瓷中的α-Sialon晶相的相对含量减少;当全部采用纳米非晶-Si3N4时,则试样中仅含有β-Sialon相。     

铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜研究

在硅酸盐电解液中采用微弧氧化法在2024铝合金表面形成氧化物陶瓷膜．分别用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪研究了陶瓷膜的组织形貌和相组成．相对致密均匀的膜层主要由α—Al2O3,γ-Al2O3和少量的非晶相物质组成．陶瓷层纳米硬度从内部到外部呈下降趋势．     

氧化铝陶瓷柱状晶组织的形成及性能

通过加入CAS(CaO-Al2O3-SiO2)和MgO两种添加剂,对氧化铝陶瓷柱状晶的形成和性能进行了研究.结果表明,在α-Al2O3粉体中加入0.6wt%CAS添加剂,可以改变氧化铝陶瓷晶体的生长动力学条件,促使晶粒择优在某个方向上生长成柱状晶,长径比最大可达到8:1,氧化铝陶瓷的密度和断裂韧性都有明显提高.当0.8wt%CAS联合0.1wt%MgO使用时,在促进柱状晶生长的同时,能够进一步提高氧化铝陶瓷的致密度,使相对密度最大值达到97.4%.     

Damage Mechanism of Al2O3 Ceramic Coatings Irradiated by CO2 CW Laser

Rules and mechanism of damage in Al2O3 coatings irradiated by CO2 CW laser are studied in order to improve the ability of parts of equipment standing against the high power laser.Al2O3 coatings were sprayed by air plasma spray(APS)on the 45# steel substrate,and then were irradiated by CO2 CW laser from 795 W/cm2 to 31 830 W/cm2.As the output power of the laser is increasing,its porosity is increasing and cracks are appearing and spreading quickly.And also the phase will transform from γ-Al2O3 to α-Al2O3 in the damaged areas.When the energy density is 17 507 W/cm2,the coatings are destroyed completely.The thermal infection field on substrate is rather small.The laser energy is depleted by the phase transformation and cracks in Al2O3 coatings during the laser thermal shock.     

AZ91D镁合金表面等离子喷涂Al_2O_3-TiO_2陶瓷涂层的微观组织及防护性能

采用大气等离子喷涂技术在AZ91D镁合金表面制备Al2O3-TiO2陶瓷涂层。对涂层的显微组织、化学成分、相组成及显微硬度进行表征,并对涂层的耐磨损和耐电化学腐蚀防护性能进行研究。结果表明,Al2O3-TiO2陶瓷涂层的组织呈现层状结构,主要组成相为α-Al2O3、γ-Al2O3和金红石TiO2。涂层平均硬度654.2HV,涂层具有良好的抗磨损和抗电化学腐蚀防护性能。     

Direct spray pyrolysis of aluminum chloride solution for alumina preparation

The effects of pyrolysis mode and pyrolysis parameters on Cl content in alumina were investigated, and the alumina products were characterized by XRD, SEM and ASAP. The experimental results indicate that the spray pyrolysis efficiency is higher than that of static pyrolysis process, and the reaction and evaporation process lead to a multi-plot state of the alumina products by spray pyrolysis. Aluminum phase starts to transform into γ-Al2O3 at spray pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, which is about 200 °C lower than that of static pyrolysis process. The primary particle size of γ-Al2O3 product is 27.62 nm, and Cl content in alumina products is 0.38% at 800 °C for 20 min.     

Al2O3/(W, Ti)C纳米复合陶瓷材料的力学性能与强韧化机理

采用纳米和亚微米级的α-Al₂O₃,以及微米级的(W,Ti)C粉体为原料,制备了Al₂O₃/(W,Ti)C纳米复合陶瓷材料.在基体Al₂O₃含有体积分数为11%的纳米Al₂O₃时复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最优,其抗弯强度、断裂韧性和硬度分别为840MPa,6.55MPa·m^1/2和20.1GPa.TEM实验表明,纳米颗粒的加入明显抑止了基体晶粒的长大,形成了典型的骨架结构,材料的断裂方式为沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂的混合.内晶型和晶间型第二相颗粒产生的残余应力场、断裂模式的改变和晶粒细化强化促进了复合材料抗弯强度和断裂韧性的提高.     

Shape memory effect during preparation of alumia ceramic tubes

Pure alumina ceramic tube and 95 alumina ceramic(the ceramic with 95.84% alumina) tube were prepared by using self-prepared alumina micrometer powder without agglomeration as raw material. The ceramic green was shaped by isostatic pressing and sintered at different temperature from 800 to 1 600 ℃ for 2 h. The 95 ceramic tube sintered at 1 550 ℃ for 2 h had mean particle size of 4 μm, bend strength of 437 MPa and volume density of 3.714 g/cm3. Shape memory effect during sintering was observed. XRD results showed that no phase transition occurred during shape memory process, which indicated that shape memory effect was not caused by phase transition. Several probable causes of the alumina ceramic shape memory effect were discussed in this paper.     

Effect of nucleating agents on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glass-ceramics

SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glasses with different nucleating agents were crystallized under special processing schedule. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the glass-ceramics in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and three-point bending method. The results show that ZrO2 is not an effective nucleating agent in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system, while TiO2 is effective for the separation of spinel, and P2O5 facilitates solubility of ZrO2 in glass and crystallization. The main crystalline phases of the glass-ceramics are spinel, anorthite and tetragonal zirconia. With the increase of ZrO2 content in the glass, glass-ceramics show higher bending strength （120 MPa） than others.     

The Effects of Solid Phase Additives on Sintering Properties of Alumina Bioceramic

1　IntroductionAlumina (Al2 O3 )bioceramicsarewidelyusedinclinicforhardtissuesubstitution ,especiallyforfemurballofartificialhipjoint.Al2 O3 materialhasgoodbiocompati bility ,physiologicinertia ,physicalandchemicalstability ,highhardnessandwearability .Butundernormalcondi tions,pureAl2 O3 isdifficulttobepreparedbecausethesinteringtemperatureishigh (generallyat 170 0℃to2 0 0 0℃ )andtheheat pressure ,atmosphereorvacuumareevenrequired .Inordertoreducethesinteringtemperatureandimprovetheproper…     

Pt－Sn－K／Al_2O_3丙烷脱氢催化剂组成的优化

Ｐｔ－Ｓｎ－Ｋ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂用于丙烷催化脱氢具有活性高、选择性好等特点，是目前开发出的最好的小分子烷烃催化脱氢催化剂之一。作者用常规浸渍法在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３上负载Ｐｔ，Ｓｎ和Ｋ等金属元素，制成一系列Ｐｔ－Ｓｎ－Ｋ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂；考察了在常压，６２０℃，进料为丙烷／氢气＝１∶１的混合气，气体体积空速为１５００ｈ－１的条件下，丙烷在这些催化剂上的脱氢反应，根据丙烯收率和选择性及其稳定性得出催化剂中各组分的最佳载量。结果表明：催化剂中适宜的Ｐｔ和Ｓｎ的质量分数分别为０．００４～０．０１０和０．００４～０．０１５，Ｋ的质量分数以不超过０．０２为宜。     

Self-Propagating High-Temperature Reductive Synthesis of TiB_2-Al_2O_3 Composite Powders

TiB2-Al2O3 composite powders were produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(SHS) method with reductive process from B2O3-TiO2-Al system. X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) analyses show the presence of TiB2 and Al2O3 only in the composite powders produced by SHS. The powders are uniform and free-agglomerate. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) observation of microstructure of the composite powders indicate that the interfaces of the TiB2-Al2O3 bond well, without any interfacial reaction products. It is proposed that the good interfacial bonding of the composite powders can be resulted from the TiB2 particles crystallizing and growing on the Al2O3 particles surface with surface defects acting as nucleation centers.     

Al-Si合金Al2O3-ZrO2微弧氧化层生长及性能测试

针对单一Al2O3微弧氧化层不能满足基体Al-Si合金使用要求的问题,采用微弧氧化法在Al-Si合金表面制备了Al2O3-ZrO2复合陶瓷层,研究了涂层的组成、结构及生长过程;测试了涂层的隔热温度.研究结果表明：在Al-Si合金试样表面微弧氧化30 min后,涂层的表面形成＂火山喷射状＂组织形貌,截面由疏松层、致密层、过渡层组成;涂层由-αAl2O3,γ-Al2O3,m-ZrO2和t-ZrO2组成,t-ZrO2为涂层的主晶相,膜层的生长分为匀速生长阶段和缓慢生长阶段;膜层隔热温度可达30℃.