基于流式细胞术的保加利亚乳杆菌活性检测方法的应用研究

目的采用流式细胞术对现今售卖模式下的含保加利亚乳杆菌饮料中活性菌进行实时监测。方法利用SYTO~?24与碘化丙锭(propidium iodide,PI)双染色法对发酵乳饮料中的保加利亚乳杆菌的活性检测,并对模拟现有售卖模式下发酵乳制品在其验货或销售等常温保存阶段保加利亚乳杆菌活性的变化进行检测。结果同一样品,流式细胞术检测活性保加利亚乳杆菌结果与平板计数法结果在同一数量级内。在商超验货等常温放置时间在5h内,活性保加利亚乳杆菌的数量级不会有显著性变化(P0.5)。结论该方法能够对保加利亚乳杆菌活性有效检测,且能够缩短单样品的检测时间,适用于商品的快速检测和放行。     

乳酸菌发酵对苦荞芽苗饮料品质和营养成分的影响

为确定较优的乳酸菌发酵菌种,向苦荞芽苗饮料中接种保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌和植物乳杆菌进行发酵,比较发酵过程中饮料感官评分、乳酸菌活菌数、总糖、还原糖、总酸、总蛋白、总黄酮、芦丁、槲皮素、山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷等营养成分的变化。结果表明,乳酸菌能够较好地在苦荞芽苗饮料中生长,植物乳杆菌的发酵活性较其他2种乳酸菌高,且植物乳杆菌和保加利亚乳杆菌混合发酵有一定的协同作用,得到的产品感官评分最高。不同乳酸菌发酵造成饮料液中总糖和还原糖含量下降,发酵48h后总糖含量最多下降了24.8%,还原糖含量最多下降了34.2%。植物乳杆菌在发酵48h产酸量最多,嗜热链球菌产酸能力最弱。饮料液中的蛋白质被乳酸菌作为氮源利用,发酵48h后其总蛋白含量最多降低了58.6%。乳酸发酵对芦丁基本没有影响,但会造成槲皮素和山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷少量分解。     

调配型水果乳饮料生产工艺和设备

调配型水果乳饮料生产工艺和设备谢可伟吕晓玲乳饮料一般可分为三大类型：调配乳饮料、发酵乳和乳酸菌饮料。发酵乳和乳酸菌饮料一般要求有一定数量的活菌存在，如保加利亚乳杆菌等，这些有益菌作用于人体中，对有害菌及有害物质起抑制作用，并能促进营养物质的消化和吸收...     

不同乳酸菌对椰子水饮料的发酵特性研究

以椰子水为原料,利用6株乳酸菌:发酵乳杆菌L20、面包乳杆菌32-2-2、短乳杆菌64-1、植物乳杆菌A33、嗜热链球菌IFFI6038和德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种CICC6045发酵椰子水制备饮料,分析测定发酵椰子水主要成分、抑菌活性和感官评价的变化。试验结果表明,发酵48 h时,面包乳杆菌32-2-2发酵椰子水饮料总酸含量最高,达10.85 g/L;植物乳杆菌A33发酵椰子水饮料pH值最低为3.1;德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种CICC6045发酵椰子水饮料还原糖含量最低为0.03 g/L;植物乳杆菌A33的抑菌谱最广;抑菌活性与pH值和乳酸含量呈显著相关性。植物乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌和德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种发酵椰子水感官评分较高。     

含干酪乳杆菌活性乳酸菌饮料的开发

试验分别以干酪乳杆菌YL 0301、YL 0302和YL 0303为发酵菌株制备活性乳酸菌饮料,比较3株干酪乳杆菌的发酵速度、存活稳定性及对活性乳酸菌饮料感官品质的影响。研究结果显示,3株干酪乳杆菌在发酵乳基料中产酸速率不同,依次为YL 0302YL 0303YL 0301;YL 0301在活性乳酸菌饮料样品中的活菌数变化相对较稳定,存活率受贮藏温度的影响最小,YL 0302和YL 0303的活菌数随贮藏温度的升高而明显减少;YL 0301和YL 0303活性乳酸菌饮料样品在口感、滋味及香气方面评价分数基本一样,且均高于YL 0302活性乳酸菌饮料样品,即相同种类的3株干酪乳杆菌,在发酵速度、产品中存活稳定性、对产品感官品质影响方面均表现出了不同的特性,提示筛选适合于活性乳酸菌饮料产品开发的益生菌,需要考虑到具体菌株的特性。     

自然发酵牦牛酸乳分离植物乳杆菌YS1发酵豆奶的理化特性研究

本研究对一株分离于自然发酵牦牛酸乳的植物乳杆菌YS1进行了理化特性的研究。研究对豆奶的pH值、总酸、总菌数和活性大豆异黄酮含量进行了测定。实验结果显示植物乳杆菌YS1发酵豆奶的pH值和活性大豆异黄酮含量高于保加利亚乳杆菌发酵豆奶,而总酸和总菌数低于保加利亚乳杆菌发酵豆浆。由此可以看出植物乳杆菌YS1发酵豆奶的理化特性优于保加利亚乳杆菌发酵豆奶,是一种高品质的发酵大豆饮料。     

红曲酸奶中乳酸菌变化情况研究

利用超声波浸提法提取红曲中的有效成分,将红曲水提取液与全脂奶粉混合发酵制成新型红曲酸奶。通过荧光原位杂交（FISH）技术跟踪发酵过程中乳酸菌含量的变化,结果表明：红曲酸奶中保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌数量显著高于普通酸奶。发酵2 h时,红曲酸奶中保加利亚乳杆菌与嗜热链球菌菌体数量分别为普通酸奶的2.63和2.24倍;发酵5 h时,发酵接近终点,红曲酸奶中保加利亚乳杆菌与嗜热链球菌菌体数量分别为普通酸奶的2.29和2.75倍。红曲酸奶的保藏期可达15 d,乳酸菌数符合国家标准的要求。     

分段发酵提高酸乳中活菌总数的研究

为提高酸乳中乳酸菌活菌数量,在测定不同温度下嗜酸乳杆菌生长曲线及保加利亚乳杆菌与嗜热链球菌1∶1混菌发酵生长曲线的基础上,采用分段发酵的方式,发酵初期按1%接种量接入嗜酸乳杆菌,待发酵进行4h,嗜酸乳杆菌的数量达到107时,再接入保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌,接种量均为1%。发酵结束后,测得最终活菌数可达109,相比3种菌一次性接种发酵,活菌数量提高了1个数量级。     

乳酸菌发酵冬瓜汁饮料的最佳工艺条件研究

用正交试验法研究乳酸菌发酵冬瓜汁饮料的最佳工艺条件及风味物质对冬瓜汁接种发酵的影响,探讨了不同菌种配比、发酵温度和发酵时间等条件及添加乳糖和红辣椒等风味物质对乳酸菌发酵冬瓜汁饮料的影响。结果表明,乳酸菌发酵冬瓜汁饮料的最佳工艺参数组合为:菌种配比(保加利亚乳杆菌∶植物乳杆菌)为1∶1,发酵温度为35℃,添加1.00%乳糖和1.50%辣椒并发酵2d。     

微生物发酵法制备大豆ACE抑制肽菌种的筛选

以大豆分离蛋白为底物,以血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制率和肽含量为检测指标,选择5株乳酸菌、3株霉菌和1株枯草芽孢杆菌为出发菌种,通过微生物发酵筛选出具有高ACE抑制活性的发酵菌株。结果表明:乳酸菌中具有强ACE抑制活性的菌株为保加利亚乳杆菌,ACE抑制率和肽含量分别为57.93%和3.27mg/mL;霉菌中具有强ACE抑制活性的菌株为米曲霉,ACE抑制率和肽含量分别为41.23%和2.17mg/mL;枯草芽孢杆菌ACE抑制率和肽含量分别为45.02%和2.25mg/mL。综合比较9种菌株的发酵特性,选用保加利亚乳杆菌作为制备大豆抗高血压活性肽优良菌株。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press