BT20钛合金电子束热处理残余应力计算

利用三维有限元分析软件，模拟了BT20钛合金薄板焊态和焊后电子束局部热处理的实际焊接温度场以及残余应力的分布。结合数值计算，讨论了不同的热处理方式以及热处理工艺参数对焊接接头残余应力分布的影响。结果表明，在钛合金薄板焊缝的背面进行电子束局部热处理，可以显著降低焊缝中心处的残余拉应力。数值计算结果还表明，在其它工艺参数相同的情况下，随着局部热处理加热宽度和加热时间的增加，焊缝及近缝区的纵向残余应力随之降低，同时产生残余应力的范围也随之增大。     

铍环电子束焊接接头残余应力分析

采用大型有限元ＡＤＩＮＡ程序,对电子束焊接接头残余应力分布规律进行了分析。结果表明,在焊缝根部存在较大的接应力容易形成焊缝根部裂纹,但焊缝外表面为压应力,可防止裂纹扩展到焊缝表面。     

厚板钛合金电子束焊接残余应力分布特征

首先对50mm厚TA15钛合金平板分别采用堆焊和对焊两种方法进行电子束焊接,然后采用盲孔法测量了热处理和未热处理情况下焊接试件残余应力的分布情况.测量发现,对接焊和堆焊试件上表面纵向应力在焊缝和热影响区呈现较大的拉应力,且对接焊试件的纵向应力大于堆焊试件;上表面横向残余应力幅值较低,且整体呈现压应力分布.下表面的横纵应力整体上为压应力,且横纵应力的分布和大小非常接近.结果表明,热处理工艺造成各试板的横纵应力趋于一致,整个试板上的应力趋于均匀化,且堆焊试件的均匀化程度更明显.     

电子束热处理对钛合金接头残余应力的影响

采用小孔法,测量了BT20钛合金电子束焊接接头在焊态和电子束局部热处理两种状态下残余应力的分布。结果发现,钛合金电子束焊接接头处以纵向残余应力为主;通过电子束局部热处理,使焊缝处的残余应力峰值降低了约50％;在热处理的过程中,必须采取一定的措施,在改善残余应力的同时尽量避免产生变形。     

电子束焊接GH536合金残余应力分布小孔法测试

航空发动机许多高温合金结构需要采用电子束焊接制造,但目前对其焊后的残余应力分布状况研究较少。针对航空发动机GH536合金材料,采用小孔法对其电子柬焊接试板的残余应力分布趋势进行测试研究,试验结果表明,焊缝区存在较低的应力峰值,且应力分布符合传统规律。研究旨在为航空发动机构件的电子束焊接加工制造积累经验和性能数据。     

35CrMnSi钢平板电子束焊残余应力模拟与实测

研究了35CrMnSi低合金高强钢平板电子束焊残余应力的大小与分布,利用ANSYS软件模拟了35CrMnSi低合金高强钢电子束焊的实际温度场以及焊接接头应力场的变化和残余应力的分布,并与实测值进行了比较.计算结果表明:计算与实测的35CrMnSi钢电子束焊接头残余应力的整体分布趋势和规律基本一致;在焊缝及近缝区,计算的纵向残余应力数值比实测值略大,横向残余应力值与实测值更为接近;在远离焊缝中心的区域,有限元计算数值与实测结果吻合得更好些.     

热处理消除Q235钢焊接残余应力机理的研究

对Q235钢焊接件进行不同工艺条件下的退火热处理,采用盲孔法测定了处理后各试件的焊接残余应力,以此为基础分析了热处理温度及时间对消除Q235钢焊接残余应力的作用效果,研究了热处理消除焊接残余应力的作用机理,得出Q235钢在退火处理过程中屈服强度的降低及蠕变后的应力松弛在不同温度下决定了残余应力降低的效果.     

BT20钛合金电子束焊接残余应力三维有限元数值模拟

研究钛合金电子束焊接构件残余应力的大小和分布，了解残余应力的形成机理，具有十分重要的理论和实际意义。作者利用ANSYS程序模拟了BT20钛合金电子束焊态和焊后电子束局部热处理的实际焊接温度场以及焊接接头应力场的变化和残余应力的分布。计算结果表明，钛合金薄板焊缝中心残余拉应力的峰值达到焊缝金属屈服强度σn的60％-70％；焊后电子束局部热处理可以降低焊缝中心处的拉伸残余应力值，降低约50％左右；用所建模型计算得到的数值结果规律与实测的残余应力值基本一致。     

数值计算模拟工艺参数对电子束焊接残余应力的影响

电子束焊接残余应力的实测需要花费大量成本,因此采用数值模拟其焊接残余应力的大小和分布具有重要意义.利用三维有限元分析程序,建立了TC4钛合金板电子束焊接温度场和残余应力场的有限元分析模型,着重分析了高压和中压两种工艺参数对其接头焊接残余应力的影响.旨在探讨不同工艺参数对电子束焊接过程的影响规律,从而优化工艺,降低成本.计算结果表明,采用中压参数焊接的电子束焊接接头残余应力的峰值比采用高压参数的接头残余应力峰值高;而且其残余应力分布更集中于焊接接头中段.     

D406A高强钢焊接残余应力测试

采用小孔测试法,对D406A低合金高强钢钨极氩弧焊及不同热处理状态下的残余应力进行了测试研究。结果表明：D406A低合金高强钢钨极氩弧焊在焊缝及其附近会产生约460MPa的残余应力;采用650℃下保温10min的局部热处理是较为合理的工艺,可达到整体去应力退火的效果．而且可以避免焊接工件表面严重脱碳、降低焊接结构强度的危害。     

Electrochemical corrosion behavior of 300M ultra high strength steel in chloride containing environment

The electrochemical corrosion behavior of 300M ultra high strength steel in chloride containing environment was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization technique, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that uniform corrosion occurs on 300M steel during the electrochemical measurements because no anodic passivation phenomenon is observed on polarization curves within the measurement range. The tests also show that 300M steel is highly susceptible to chloride containing solution, which is characterized by corrosion current density increasing with the addition of chlorides, and corrosion potential shifting towards positive direction and corrosion resistance decreasing, positively suggesting that chloride ions speed up the corrosion rate of 300M steel. Meanwhile corrosion products on the 300M steel surface formed during the salt spray test are too loose and porous to effectively slow down the corrosion rate. Additionally, a schematic structure of uniform corrosion mechanism can explain that 300M steel has better property of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance than stainless steels.     

Effects of post-weld heat treatments on the residual stress and mechanical properties of electron beam welded sae 4130 steel plates

The distribution of the residual stresses of electron beam welded SAE 4130 and the effect of stress relief after various post- weld heat treatments (PWHT) were measured using X- ray diffraction. The mechanical properties and microstructure were also examined. Experimental results show that the tensile residual stress increased with the heat input of the electron beam. Most of the residual stresses were relieved by the PWHT at 530 °C for 2 h followed by furnace cooling to 50 °C. The strength of the welds decreased slightly, and the elongation of the welds increased after PWHT.     

Finite element analysis on electron beam brazing temperature and stresses of stainless steel radiator

Based on thermal-elasto-plastic finite element theory, a two-dimensional finite element model for calculating electron beam brazing temperature and residual stress fields of stainless steel radiator are presented. The distributions of temperature and residual stress are studied. The resuhs showed that temperature distribution on brazing surface is rather uniform, ranging from 1 026 ℃ to 1 090 ℃. The residual stresses are varied from initial compressive to tensile , and the variation of residual stress is very little in total zone of brazing surface.     

Residual stress analysis of 7075 aluminum alloy after vacuum electron beam welding

The residual stresses distribution of 7075 aluminum alloy in vacuum electron beam welding joint was numerically simulated using nonlinear finite element method. The result shows that the longitudinal residual stress is tension stress along weld center and the stress peak value appears in the middle of the welded seam; the transversal residual stress is compression stress ; the residual stress in thickness direction is very small.     

Effects of zonal heat treatment on residual stresses and mechanical properties of electron beam welded TC4 alloy plates

Zonal heat treatment(ZHT) was conducted in situ to 14.5 mm-thick TC4 alloy plates by means of defocused electron beam after welding. The effects of ZHT on residual stresses, microstructures and mechanical properties of electron beam welded joints were investigated. Experimental results show residual stresses after welding are mostly relieved through ZHT, and the maximum values of longitudinal tensile stress and transverse compressive stress reduce by 76% and 65%, respectively. The tensile strength and ductility of welded joint after ZHT at slow scanning velocity are improved because of the reduction of residual stress and the microstructural changes of the base and weld metal. ZHT at fast scanning velocity is detrimental to the ductility of welded joint, which is resulted from insufficiently coarsened alpha phase in the fusion zone and the appearance of martensite in the base metal.     

Effects of welding parameters on weld shape and residual stresses in electron beam welded Ti2AlNb alloy joints

In order to estimate the residual stresses in Ti₂AlNb alloy jointed by electron beam welding (EBW), a computational approach based on finite element method was developed. Meanwhile, experiments were carried out to verify the numerical results. The comparison between the simulation results and measurements suggests that the developed computational approach has sufficient accuracy to predict the welding residual stress distributions. The results show that the central area of the fusion zone suffers tensile stresses in three directions. When the other parameters remain unchanged, the focus current has great impact on the weld shape and size, and then affects the residual stress level significantly. Moreover, the thick plate full-penetrated EBW weld suffers near 1000 MPa tensile stress of Z-direction in the center of the fusion zone. The wider weld has lower tensile stress in Z-direction, resulting in lower risk for cracking.     

Microstructure and fatigue crack growth behaviour of electron beam welding in 30CrMnSiNi2A steel

The effects of two post-weld heat treatment processes on the microstructure and fatigue properties of the electron beam welded joints of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel were studied. Electron beam local post-weld heat treatment ( EBLPWHT) , in a vacuum chamber, immediately after welding and a traditional furnace whole post-weld heat treatment (FWPWHT) were accepted. The experimental results show that, after EBLPWHT, the main microstructure of weld is changed from coarse acicular martensite into lath martensite, and base metal is changed from ferrite and perlite into upper bainite and residual austenite, however the microstructures of different zones of joints in FWPWHT conditions are tempered sorbite. The fatigue crack growth rate da/dN of welds and base metal are not obviously changed among EBLPWHT, FWPWHT test and as-welded (AW) test, as the mechanical properties of materials have a certain but not large effect on the da/dN of welded joints. The resistance to near threshold fatigue crack growth data of welded joints can be largely improved by EBLPWHT and it is related to microstructure and crack closure effect.