18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖PET在淋巴瘤中的应用价值

淋巴瘤的发病率逐年升高,18^F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（18^F—FDG）PET作为一种全身性功能代谢显像手段在淋巴瘤的诊断、分期、治疗方案的选择、疗效的评价及残留肿块性质的判断方面具有重要价值,较常规影像学检查提供更多有价值的信息而得到临床的广泛认可,但仍有一定的假阳性及假阴性。     

氟-18-脱氧葡萄糖PET/CT在胃淋巴瘤的诊断及疗效评价中的应用

目的探讨氟-18-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)PET/CT在胃淋巴瘤的诊断及疗效评价中的价值。资料和方法25例经病理确诊的胃淋巴瘤,男性19例,女性6例,年龄22～79岁;分为3组,Ⅰ组11例,仅在治疗前进行1次PET/CT显像;Ⅱ组5例,治疗前、后多次PET/CT显像;Ⅲ组9例,仅在治疗后进行PET/CT显像。结果将Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组16例胃淋巴瘤患者治疗前的PET/CT影像表现分为4型,6例胃壁弥漫性增厚伴FDG代谢显著增高(Ⅰ型);7例胃壁节段性增厚伴FDG代谢显著增高(Ⅱ型);2例胃壁局限性增厚伴FDG代谢增高(Ⅲ型);1例胃壁多发结节样增厚伴FDG代谢串珠样增高(Ⅳ型)。Ⅱ组5例PET/CT评价疗效,4例达完全缓解,1例达部分缓解。ⅢⅢ组9例中有5例PET/CT显像阴性,1例发现新生肺癌,3例发现淋巴结活性病灶。结论胃淋巴瘤的18F-FDGPET/CT影像以Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型表现为主;18F-FDGPET/CT能较全面、准确地评价胃淋巴瘤的治疗效果。     

18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖PET及PET-CT在淋巴瘤中的临床应用

PET 在淋巴瘤的分期、再分期、疗效评价及预后判断中具有重要价值,PET-CT则集中了PET的功能显像与CT的解剖显像的双重优势,对淋巴瘤病灶的定位、定性诊断的准确性更高.     

18F-FDG PET显像在恶性淋巴瘤中的应用

18F-FDG(18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖)PET显像作为一种功能显像技术,能反映肿瘤组织中的生化变化和代谢状态,对淋巴瘤的准确分期、恶性程度评价、治疗疗效评价、治疗后复发的诊断以及预后估计等方面均具有重要作用.     

18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖PET及PET-CT在淋巴瘤中的临床应用

PET 在淋巴瘤的分期、再分期、疗效评价及预后判断中具有重要价值,PET-CT则集中了PET的功能显像与CT的解剖显像的双重优势,对淋巴瘤病灶的定位、定性诊断的准确性更高.     

氟-18-脱氧葡萄糖联合氟-18-胸腺嘧啶PET/CT在肺癌诊断中的临床应用

目的对比观察氟-18-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)和氟-18-胸腺嘧啶(18F-FLT)PET/CT显像以及两者联合显像对肺癌诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性。资料和方法以规范化操作、随机、前瞻方式收集胸部CT诊断困难的肺部病变38例,分别行18F-FLTPET/CT和18F-FDGPET/CT显像,分析比较18F-FLTPET/CT和18F-FDGPET/CT显像以及两者联合显像这3种检测方案的诊断效率。结果 18F-FDG诊断肺癌的灵敏度为84.6%(22/26),特异度仅为66.7%(8/12),准确性为78.9%(30/38);18F-FLT诊断肺癌的灵敏度仅为69.2%(18/26),特异度为91.7%(11/12),准确性为76.3%(29/38)。双示踪剂联合显像诊断肺癌的灵敏度为96.2%(25/26),特异度为100%(12/12),准确性为97.4%(37/38)。与18F-FDG与18F-FLT单一检查比较,双示踪剂PET/CT显像诊断敏感性比18F-FLT高(P<0.05),特异性比18F-FDG高(P<0.05),准确性比两者均高(P<0.05)18F-FDG的特异性较低,18F-FLT的敏感性较差,两者联合诊断效能最高。[FLTSUV]/[FDGSUV]比值以0.4～0.9为阈,可最大程度区分肺癌和良性病灶。结论 18F-FDG的特异性较低,18F-FLT的敏感性较差,两者联合诊断效能最高。双示踪剂PET/CT联合显像可以克服单一显像的局限性,明显改善肺癌的诊断准确率。     

^18F—FDG PET显像在恶性淋巴瘤中的应用

^18F-FDG（^18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖）PET显像作为一种功能显像技术,能反映肿瘤组织中的生化变化和代谢状态,对淋巴瘤准确分期、恶性程度评价、治疗疗效评价、治疗后复发的诊断以及预后估计等匀具有重要作用。     

18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖PET-CT在淋巴瘤中的应用价值

PET-CT是一种双模式显像方法,可同时获得功能代谢和形态解剖学影像,通过其融合图像显示CT对PET图像的精确定位。^18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（^18F-FDG）是一种葡萄糖类似物,可被淋巴瘤细胞摄取。而^18F-FDGPET-CT在淋巴瘤的诊断、初始分期、治疗后再分期、治疗反应的评价以及制定放疗计划等方面均有较大的优势,也可在很大程度上避免^18F-FDGPET假阳性结果的出现。但PET-CT仅是一种有效的无创伤检查方法,无法替代淋巴瘤的活组织检查。     

18F-脱氧葡萄糖PET/CT显像在卵巢癌术后复发诊断及治疗中的价值

目的 探讨全身18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG) PET/CT显像在卵巢癌术后患者复发诊断和治疗中的价值.资料与方法 46例患者,行全身显像及局部延迟显像;以病灶最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)＞2.5伴密度异常为阳性,检测血清糖类抗原-125 (CA125).10个月内随访.结果 60例次全身显像,阳性48例次,30例次延迟显像SUVmax增加大于20％;CA125升高39例次.34例病灶在腹盆腔内,12例伴有其他部位转移.检查后化疗22例次,再手术12例次,放疗8例次,未治疗13例次.切除26处病灶中,25处肿瘤转移,准确率为96.2％.结论 PET/CT发现卵巢癌术后转移灶主要位于腹盆腔内;手术切除病例,CA125明显降低;多灶性病例行全身化疗或局部放疗;CA125正常病例,显像可提前发现转移病灶.     

18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖PET在体检中的应用价值研究

18^F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（18^F-FDG）PET作为一种现代化的影像技术,已经越来越受到人们的重视。在此主要从PET的发展、恶性病变与良性病变的检出、假阳性与假阴性的情况以及成本效益分析等方面综述18^F-FDG PET在体检中的临床应用。     

18F-FDG和18F-FLT PET-CT在肿瘤非手术治疗早期疗效评价中的应用

早期监测肿瘤在不同治疗方法中的疗效已成为临床上亟待解决的问题.PET可从分子水平上观察细胞生物学行为,尤其是对肿瘤的早期诊断、分期及疗效评价具有较高的特异度.18F-FDG为葡萄糖类代谢显像剂,作为目前应用最为广泛的显像剂,因其本身固有的一些特点表现为对肿瘤的非特异性显像.3'-脱氧-3'-18F-氟胸腺嘧啶(18F-FLT)为核苷酸类代谢显像剂,在细胞增殖显像方面的应用较为广泛.两者在肿瘤监测、分期及疗效评价方面各具特点.该文就PET-CT在肿瘤疗效评价中的应用进行综述,同时探讨两者在监测非手术治疗疗效时何者更具有优势.     

^18F-FDG PET-CT在淋巴瘤分期及疗效评价中的应用研究

目的探讨^18氟-氟代脱氧葡萄糖（^18F-FDG）PET—CT在淋巴瘤分期及疗效评价中的临床应用价值。方法回顾分析28例淋巴瘤患者（HL6例，NHL22例）在治疗前后进行^18F—FDG PET—CT对比检查的结果，并与增强CT及骨髓活检结果进行比较。结果治疗前68处病灶^18F—FDG PET—CT检出67个，检出率为98．5％，其中结内37个全部检出（100％），结外31个检出30个（96．8％）；增强CT则共检出病灶45个（66．2％），其中结内37个检出32个（86．5％），结外31个仅检出13个（41．9％）。6例（21．4％）的分期得到上调并改变了1例（3．6％）的治疗方案。治疗后32处病灶^18F—FDG PET—CT检出29个，检出率为90．6％，其中结内17个检出15个（88．2％），结外15个检出14个（93．3％）；增强CT则共检出病灶18个（56．3％），其中结内17个检出13个（76．5％）．结外15个仅检出5个（33．3％）。治疗后有2例（7．1％）的分期得到上调，8例（28．6％）下调，改变了8例（21．4％）的治疗方案。^18F—FDG PET—CT对淋巴瘤患者治疗前后结内病灶检出率与增强CT相似（P〈0．05），而结外病灶检出率则明显高于增强CT（P〉0．05）。28例中25例^18F—FDG PET—CT与骨髓穿刺结果一致。治疗后^18F—FDG PET—CT对复发的阳性预测值93．8％，阴性预测值为83．3％；增强CT的阳性预测值75％，阴性预测值50％。结论^18F—FDG PET—CT在淋巴瘤分期及疗效评价中具有重要的临床价值．有助于准确分期和残余病变性质的鉴别。     

Clinical usefulness of F-18 FDG PET in lymphoepithelioma-like gastric carcinoma

PurposeLymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is a rare type of gastric cancer. We evaluated the clinical usefulness of F-18 FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in LELC of stomach.Materials and methodsA total of 28 patients (mean age = 59 years) who underwent preoperative F-18 FDG PET/CT were enrolled retrospectively. Nine patients underwent follow-up F-18 FDG PET/CT. Pathologic information was obtained through gastrectomy and the association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was investigated in 26 patients.ResultsPET/CT detected 85.0% (17/20) of advanced gastric cancers (AGC) and 12.5% (1/8) of early gastric cancers (EGC). Most tumors (23/26, 88.5%) were EBV-associated. The maximum standardized uptake value of FDG-avid tumors was 7.5 ± 3.0. The sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT for the presence of lymph node metastasis was 47.8% (11/23) and 100.0% (13/13), respectively. PET/CT also detected a hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma in one patient. The specificity of PET/CT for distant metastasis or second malignancy was 96.3%. Follow-up PET/CT detected malignant lesions in 3 of 9 patients; a liver metastasis, recurrent hepatic sarcomatoid carcinomas and a metachronous cholangiocarcinoma. PET/CT correctly excluded recurrence in the rest of the patients (6/6). The sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT for detecting recurrence or second malignancy was 100% and 100%, respectively.ConclusionF-18 FDG PET/CT would be a useful tool in evaluating distant metastasis or recurrence in patients with gastric LELC.     

18F-FDG PET心肌代谢显像在心肌存活诊断中的应用进展

严重冠状动脉疾病是左心室功能受损的主要原因,治疗效果不佳。许多冠脉造影显示,冠脉严重狭窄者治疗后心功能并无明显改善,仅部分患者从中受益。因此,有效评估心肌存活状态对冠脉血管重建术的选择和疗效预测有重要价值。核素心肌显像作为一种非侵入性检查,在冠心病诊断、危险度分层、缺血评估、预后判断等方面有重要作用,特别是18F-FDG PET心肌代谢显像,能够准确评估心肌的存活状态及比例,对冠心病的转归及治疗后的效果起着非常重要的作用。     

18F-FDG PET in children with lymphomas

Purpose The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the performance of positron emission tomography (PET) with ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) in children with lymphomas, at various stages of their disease.Methods Twenty-eight children (mean age 12.5 years, 14 girls, 14 boys) with Hodgkins disease (HD, n=17) or non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL, n=11) were evaluated. Patients were investigated at initial staging (n=19), early in the course of treatment (n=19), at the end of treatment (n=16) and during long-term follow-up (n=19). A total of 113 whole-body PET studies were performed on dedicated scanners. PET results were compared with the results of conventional methods (CMs) such as physical examination, laboratory studies, chest X-rays, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography and bone scan when available.Results At initial evaluation (group 1), PET changed the disease stage and treatment in 10.5% of the cases. In early evaluation of the response to treatment (group 2), PET failed to predict two relapses and one incomplete response to treatment. In this group, however, PET did not show any false positive results. There were only 4/75 false positive results for PET among patients studied at the end of treatment (group 3, specificity 94%) or during the systematic follow-up (group 4, specificity 95%), as compared with 27/75 for CMs (specificity 54% and 66%, respectively).Conclusion ¹⁸F-FDG-PET is a useful tool for evaluating children with lymphomas. Large prospective studies are needed to appreciate its real impact on patient management.     

The Prognostic Value of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT in the Initial Assessment of Primary Tracheal Malignant Tumor: A Retrospective Study

ObjectiveTo investigate the potential value of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in predicting the survival of patients with primary tracheal malignant tumors.Materials and MethodsAn analysis of FDG PET/CT findings in 37 primary tracheal malignant tumor patients with a median follow-up period of 43.2 months (range, 10.8–143.2 months) was performed. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to assess the associations between quantitative ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameters, other clinic-pathological factors, and overall survival (OS). A risk prognosis model was established according to the independent prognostic factors identified on multivariate analysis. A survival curve determined by the Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess whether the prognosis prediction model could effectively stratify patients with different risks factors.ResultsThe median survival time of the 37 patients with tracheal tumors was 38.0 months, with a 95% confidence interval of 10.8 to 65.2 months. The 3-year, 5-year and 10-year survival rate were 54.1%, 43.2%, and 16.2%, respectively. The metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), maximum standardized uptake value, age, pathological type, extension categories, and lymph node stage were included in multivariate analyses. Multivariate analysis showed MTV (p = 0.011), TLG (p = 0.020), pathological type (p = 0.037), and extension categories (p = 0.038) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Additionally, assessment of the survival curve using the Kaplan-Meier method showed that our prognosis prediction model can effectively stratify patients with different risks factors (p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study shows that ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT can predict the survival of patients with primary tracheal malignant tumors. Patients with an MTV > 5.19, a TLG > 16.94 on PET/CT scans, squamous cell carcinoma, and non-E1 were more likely to have a reduced OS.     

18F-FDG PET用于肿瘤治疗疗效评价的meta分析进展

目前,大部分抗肿瘤治疗只在某些患者亚组中有效,对肿瘤治疗疗效的个体化监测的需求日益突出.传统解剖显像用于肿瘤治疗疗效的评价尚存在一些缺陷,而18F-FDG PET在肿瘤中的临床应用及其meta分析等统计学证据不断增多,该文将对其监测多种肿瘤的治疗疗效的应用情况进行综合性的回顾.基于PET能早期显示肿瘤的代谢特征,比传统解剖显像具有独特的优势,多项meta分析结果显示其用于疗效评价的准确率普遍较高.在某些肿瘤如淋巴瘤中,PET因其较高的灵敏度和特异度,已写入新的国际诊疗指南;而在其他多种肿瘤如非小细胞肺癌、乳腺癌、食管癌、胃食管交界处腺癌、直肠癌、胃肠道间质瘤等中,PET仍存在缺乏临床标准方案、各研究结果间异质性大等问题.此外,PET检查结果中还存在一定的假阳性和假阴性,在临床应用中需分析原因,提高警惕.因此,今后仍需要更多大样本的前瞻性、随机化实验来充分验证PET在肿瘤治疗疗效评价中的地位.     

18F-FDG PET显像在胰腺恶性病变鉴别诊断及转移灶探查中的应用价值

目的研究18F-FDGPET显像在胰腺恶性肿瘤诊断与鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法 40例临床疑为胰腺恶性病变的患者均行18F-FDGPET显像,对显像结果进行目测法及SUV值半定量分析,并结合CT,MRI等影像学检查进行综合诊断,最后诊断根据手术病理或经4个月以上随访证实。结果如果以SUV为2.5作为鉴别诊断胰腺病灶良恶性的阈值,24例证实为胰腺癌患者中18F-FDGPET显像正确诊断22例,16例胰腺良性病变患者18F-FDGPET检出13例,其灵敏度、特异度及准确性分别为91.7%（22/24）,81.3%（13/16）及87.5%（35/40）;而结合CT,MRI等其他检查结果进行综合诊断,其诊断灵敏度、特异度及准确性分别为91.7%（22/24）、87.5%（14/16）及90%（36/40）。恶性病变的SUV平均值为4.6±2.6,良性病变的SUV平均值为2.3±1.5,良恶性病变间SUV平均值差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。在转移灶的检出中,18F-FDGPET显像发现了全部38处转移灶,并发现6处CT,MRI未能发现的远处转移病灶,排除了1例CT认为是胰周转移性淋巴结肿大的病例。结论 18F-FDGPET对鉴别诊断胰腺良恶性肿瘤的灵敏度、特异性较高,尤其在远处转移灶的探查中有较高应用价值。     

PET/CT和PET/MR在黑色素瘤中的临床应用及新进展

黑色素瘤易转移、复发率高,已经成为严重危及人民健康的恶性肿瘤之一,早期诊断和准确分期对预后及远期生存十分关键。18F-FDG PET/CT作为一项集PET与CT于一体的成像模式,被广泛地应用于包括黑色素瘤等在内的恶性肿瘤的诊断、分期及疗效的评估。随着一体化PET/MR成像系统研发的成功,多模态成像技术向前迈进了一大步,实现了真正意义上的数据同步采集。笔者就18F-FDG PET/CT及PET/MR在黑色素瘤分期、复发和疗效评价中的研究现状进行综述,介绍了多模态成像技术在黑色素瘤中的新进展。