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微乳液增敏作用机理探讨:显色剂在微乳液中的分配系数 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
与胶束体系比较,显色剂PNA和CAS在油/水(O/W)微乳液中具有更大的分配系数,这表明O/W微乳液比胶束体系具有更好的增敏作用是因为O/W微乳液对显色剂PAN和CAS具有更好的增溶与富集作用所致。 相似文献
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O/W微乳液中聚吡咯超微粒子的制备 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
选择合适的SDBS/吡咯/H2O三组分O/W微乳液与吡咯单体共存的两相体系,以单体相为单体源,在O/W三组分微乳液中进行了吡咯聚合,所得聚吡咯粒子大小仅为2~3nm,分布较均匀,且具有较好的导电性能. 相似文献
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SDBS/正辛烷/正丁醇/盐水体系中相微乳液微观结构的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用冷冻蚀刻电镜、FT-IR、ESR和NMR方法研究了SDBS/n-C4H9OH/n-C8H18盐水体系中相微乳液微观结构。四种方法均表现随着体系含盐度的增加,中相微乳液微观结构经历了从O/W型到B.C型,再到W/O型的转变。 相似文献
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混合微乳液的增敏作用研究:Cd(Ⅱ)—5—Br—PADAP的分光光度测定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了在O/W混合微乳液SDS-OP/nC4H9OH/n-C7H16/H2O介质中,Cd(Ⅱ)-5-Br-PADAP的显色反应。结果表明显色反应的灵敏度较单一的SDS微乳液,单一的OP的微乳液,混合SDS-OP胶束的介质中,具有更好的增敏作用和稳定性,Cd浓度在0-5μg/100mL范围内符合比尔定律。方法用于废水和环境水样中微量Cd的测定,结果满意。 相似文献
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单体极性对甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丙烯酸丁酯/甲基丙烯酸钠无皂乳液共聚合的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了少量甲基丙烯酸钠(NaMA)存在下单体极性对甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)/丙烯酸丁酯(BA)无皂乳液共聚合的影响.单体极性降低,使粒径减小、聚合速率提高、乳液表面张力和粘度降低、粒子表面电荷密度增大、聚合物分子量提高.MMA/NaMA无皂乳液聚合物只呈现一个玻璃化温度Tg,BA/NaMA无皂乳液聚合物呈现两个Tg,MMA/BA比为2∶1~1∶2的MMA/BA/NaMA无皂乳液聚合物呈现四个Tg,这是由于粒子外面相对富含OSO-3和COO-基聚合物的亚层溶解了较多的水,使BA向粒子中心扩散,MMA向外扩散,造成组成差异和相分离而引起的. 相似文献
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Y. Suezaki 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(4):371-395
A theoretical model to clarify the molecular origin of the mechanical and thermal stabilities of O/W or W/O microemulsion is proposed in which the low concentration of surfactants (emulsifiers) is limited. We assume only a short range interaction between surfactants and a bending stiffness energy which expresses the deformation energy from a preferable monolayer membrane curvature. We have found an interrelation among the interfacial pressure, Δp, of the monolayer due to the adsorption of surfactants in the microemulsion interface, interfacial tensions of oil-water interface and of the microemulsion, and the bending stiffness energy. We conclude that the interfacial tension and the stable form of the microemulsions (O/W type or W/O type) are infuenced largely by the effect of the bending stiffness energy. The interrelationship between the therraodynamical and mechanical stabilities of microemulsions is clarified by the use of our assumption. 相似文献
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制备了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵/正丁醇/正庚烷/水四组分体系的相图。讨论了 体系中助表面活性剂与表面活性剂的质量比k_m对形成微乳状液单相区域大小的影 响。以二茂铁为电活性探针用半微分电分析法测定系列微乳样品的表观扩散系数 D_(app),从表观扩散系数D_(app)随含水量Φ_w的变化确定微乳液的微结构和结构 转变。电导率数据证实了半微分电分析的实验结果。 相似文献
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The diffusion coefficient of methylene blue (MB) is determined by the method of non-probe microelectrode voltammetry in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/n-C5H11OH/H2O lyotropic liquid crystal system. The results obtained show that the diffusion coefficient of MB increases with water and n-pentanol contents in the microemulsions and the lyotropic liquid crystal but decreases with SDS content. The diffusion coefficient of SDS droplet in the microemulsions and the diffusion coefficient of SDS molecule in the lyotropic liquid crystal with MB all are less than those without MB. The magnitude order of the diffusion coefficient of MB is as follows: the coefficient in the oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion is greater than the coefficient in the water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion which is greater than the coefficient in the lamellar liquid crystal (LLC), which is also greater than the coefficient in the Hex. 相似文献
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《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(6):541-549
The hydrolytic kinetics of acetylsalicylic acid in different microemulsion systems have been studied. The results show that the hydrolytic rate is affected by the microemulsion structure and the type of surfactant. The break points of the hydrolytic rate are correspond to the break points in diffusion coefficient and in conductivity that we assign to the W/O, O/W, and bicontinuous structural transitions in the microemulsion single-phase regions. 相似文献
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十二烷基磺酸钠微乳状液结构转变的电化学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
制备了C12H25SO3Na-C4H9OH-C7H16-H2O四组分体系在km=W(C4H9OH)/W(C12H25SO3Na)=2时的拟三元相图。使用二茂铁和铁氰化钾作为电化学探针用循环伏安法测定了起始含油量为21%的无水混合物在滴加水过程中所形成的微太液的扩散系数。从扩散系数随含水量的变化确定微乳液的结构转变。含水量为20%-45%时生成油包水型微液;含水量大于65%时生成水包油型微乳液。当含水量在45%-65%之间时形成的是二连续型微乳液。电导率数据证实了循环伏安法的测定结果。 相似文献
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LIZhong-chun LIUTian-qing GUORong 《高等学校化学研究》2005,21(3):322-325
The electrochemical oxidation of L-cysteine in an SDS/BA/H2O microemulsion system was studied with the methods of ultramicroelectrode cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance. The catalytic efficiency of the microemulsion on the electrochemical oxidation increases with the increase of BA or SDS content, but decreases with the increase of the water content because of the effects of BA, SDS and water on the solubilization of Lcysteine in the microemulsion. Furthermore, the catalytic efficiency of the bicontinuous structure is greater than that of an O/W microemulsion system. The results derived from both the rate constant k^0 and Gibbs free energy △G^≠ accord with those from the catalytic efficiency. 相似文献
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用紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱研究了蒽在不同组成和结构的十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)/苯甲醇(BA)/H20微乳液中的光谱特征,探讨了微乳液组成和结构对蒽光谱特征的影响,阐述了蒽在微乳液中的定位。结果表明,蒽位于O/W微乳液的膜相和油核;在SDS/BA/H2O W/O微乳液中,蒽定位于油连续相。 相似文献