奇任醇的抗炎免疫实验研究

目的研究奇任醇的抗炎作用及对免疫系统的影响。方法建立大鼠佐剂性关节炎模型，观察奇任醇对大鼠足肿胀、脾淋巴细胞增殖、T淋巴细胞亚群的影响；观察奇任醇对小鼠耳廓肿胀、大鼠肉芽肿的抗炎作用；通过碳粒廓清、小鼠迟发型变态反应和血清溶血素水平实验，评价奇任醇对小鼠非特异性和特异性免疫功能的影响。结果奇任醇能够抑制佐剂性关节炎大鼠的足肿胀，增强佐剂性关节炎大鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖能力，调节T淋巴细胞亚群比例；抑制小鼠耳廓肿胀和大鼠肉芽肿增生；抑制正常小鼠特异性免疫功能。结论奇任醇可抑制佐剂性关节炎大鼠的原发性与继发性足肿胀，抑制急、慢性炎症反应，调节机体免疫功能。     

三棱丸抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的:研究三棱丸的镇痛和抗炎作用。方法:采用小鼠热板法和扭体法观察镇痛作用;采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性、角叉菜胶诱导大鼠足肿胀、棉球诱导大鼠肉芽组织增生的试验模型观察抗炎作用;并测定角叉菜胶诱导大鼠足肿胀炎性渗出液中前列腺素E2(PGE2)的含量。结果:三棱丸能显著延长小鼠的疼痛反应时间,明显减少小鼠的扭体次数;抑制醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高,减轻小鼠耳肿胀和大鼠足爪肿胀反应;抑制棉球诱导大鼠肉芽组织增生;能明显减少大鼠角叉菜胶性炎症渗出液中PGE2含量。结论:三棱丸具有显著的镇痛和抗炎作用,其机制可能与抑制PGE2产生与释放有关。     

王爪子醇提物的抗炎作用

王爪子醇提物能明显抑制正常及摘除肾上腺大鼠角叉胶性足肿胀，对小鼠蛋清性足肿胀及大鼠巴豆油性气囊肿的渗出及肉芽组织增生均有明显的抑制作用，并能明显降低小鼠皮肤毛细血管通透性，抑制巴豆油所致小鼠耳廊肿胀，抑制醋酸所致的小鼠扭体反应，但不能延长摘除肾上腺大鼠的生存时间，提示其抗炎作用与垂体-肾上腺系统无明显关系，小鼠急性灌胃LD50＞200g生药／kg。     

短毛独活抗风湿性关节炎的药效学研究

目的:研究短毛独活的抗风湿性关节炎作用。方法:采用蛋清致大鼠足肿胀、弗氏完全佐剂诱发大鼠关节炎和小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性等试验研究短毛独活的抗炎作用。结果:短毛独活中、高剂量抑制或明显抑制蛋清致大鼠足肿胀、大鼠佐剂性关节炎的原发性和继发性肿胀以及小鼠腹腔毛细血管的通透性。结论:短毛独活具有抗风湿性关节炎的作用。     

祛瘀宁痛贴的主要药效学研究

目的：研究祛瘀宁痛贴的主要药效学。方法：采用小鼠巴豆油性耳肿胀、二甲苯性毛细血管通透性增加，大鼠角叉菜胶性足肿胀和琼脂性肉芽肿等急、慢性炎症模型，观察本品抗炎作用；采用电刺激致小鼠尖叫和温水浴致大鼠甩尾模型，研究其镇痛作用。结果：祛瘀宁痛贴可明显抑制小鼠巴豆油性耳肿胀、降低二甲苯性毛细血管通透性增加，显著抑制大鼠角叉菜胶性足肿胀和琼脂性肉芽组织增生；明显延长电刺激致小鼠尖叫和温水浴致大鼠甩尾反应的潜伏期。结论：祛瘀宁痛贴有明显的抗炎及镇痛作用。     

脂麻梗抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的:研究脂麻梗水煎液的抗炎镇痛作用.方法:用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、棉球肉芽肿、大鼠佐剂足肿胀、热板法进行试验研究.结果:脂麻梗水提物能明显抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀和小鼠棉球肉芽肿,对大鼠佐剂性足肿胀亦有一定的抑制作用,热板法能明显延长小鼠舔足时间.结论:脂麻梗具有抗炎、镇痛作用.     

伤科止痛膏抗炎作用及对损伤组织PGE_2含量的影响

目的:研究伤科止痛膏抗炎作用及其机理。方法:采用小鼠二甲苯性耳肿胀,大鼠蛋清性足肿胀和棉球性肉芽肿等多种炎症模型观察本品抗炎作用;建立大鼠慢性软组织损伤模型,分别应用伤科止痛膏及扶他林乳膏涂布患处,并于治疗7天后取材并匀浆,采用放射免疫法测量匀浆液PGE2含量。结果:伤科止痛膏可明显抑制小鼠二甲苯性耳肿胀,显著抑制大鼠蛋清性足肿胀和棉球性肉芽组织增生,能显著抑制大鼠慢性软组织损伤后受伤局部PGE2含量的升高。结论:伤科止痛膏有明显的抗炎作用,其治疗慢性软组织损伤的疗效机理之一是抑制受伤局部PGE2含量升高。     

清喉利咽冲剂的药理作用

清喉利咽冲剂能明显抑制二甲苯诱发的小鼠耳壳肿胀及蛋清性大鼠足肿胀，降低大鼠棉球肉芽肿重量，还能显著减少小鼠扭体反应次数、提高小鼠痛阈。此外，它也具有抑菌作用。     

金钱白花蛇药酒的抗炎作用研究

目的:研究金钱白花蛇药酒的抗炎作用.方法:用小鼠二甲苯耳廓肿胀法、大鼠蛋清性足肿胀法、大鼠佐剂性关节炎法.结果:金钱白花蛇药酒能对抗二甲苯、蛋清的致炎作用,抑制佐剂性关节炎足肿胀.结论:金钱白花蛇药酒有明显的抗炎作用.     

常通口服液的抗炎作用研究

目的:探讨常通口服液的抗炎作用.方法:常通口服液分为高、中、低3个剂量组,阳性对照组分别给予阿司匹林、地塞米松,空白对照组给予等容积蒸馏水.观察常通口服液对小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高的影响,对大鼠蛋清性足肿胀、甲醛性足肿胀以及棉球肉芽肿的影响.结果:常通口服液能显著抑制醋酸所致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高,并能显著抑制大鼠蛋清性、甲醛性足肿胀以及大鼠棉球肉芽组织增生.结论:常通口服液对急、慢性炎症具有一定抗炎作用.     

金樱根、茎提取物的抗炎、解热作用对比研究△

目的:研究金樱根、茎提取物的抗炎、解热作用。方法:通过小鼠足跖肿胀、腹腔毛细血管通透性和大鼠棉球肉芽肿实验观察金樱根、茎提取物的抗炎作用;通过干酵母制备大鼠发热模型,观察金樱根、茎提取物的解热作用。结果:金樱根、茎提取物可减轻小鼠足跖肿胀,降低小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性,对大鼠棉球肉芽肿的生成具有显着的抑制作用;金樱根醇提物和金樱茎水提物对发热大鼠有显著降温作用。结论:金樱根、茎提取物对急、慢性炎症模型均有明显的对抗作用;金樱根醇提物和金樱茎水提物具有一定的解热作用。金樱茎在一定条件下可作为金樱根入药。     

茜草炭不同极性部位化学成分组成及保护氧化损伤活性比较

采用氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)损伤模型,MTT比色法测定细胞活力,评价茜草炭不同极性部位提取物的抗氧化损伤活性,同时采用超高效液相色谱与串联四级杆飞行时间质谱联用技术(UPLC-QTOF-MS)对各极性部位化学成分进行定性研究。结果显示,乙酸乙酯部位与正丁醇部位均可显著提高细胞活力(P0.01),石油醚部位对细胞活力影响不大,水提取部位对损伤的HUVECs有一定的抑制作用。UPLC-Q-TOF-MS分析结果显示,从茜草炭4个极性部位提取物中共鉴定化合物32种,包括31种醌类及其糖苷类和1个烯萜(茜草哌唑嗪C),石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位、正丁醇部位、水提取部位分别鉴定出化合物23,32,26,15种。关联体外细胞实验结果表明,乙酸乙酯部位和正丁醇部位为茜草炭抑制ox-LDL诱导HUVECs损伤的有效部位,为阐明茜草炭的药效物质基础提供科学依据,为茜草炭功效-物质相关性研究奠定基础。     

The pharmacological properties of the ethanolic root extract of Combretum dolichopetalum

The pharmacological actions of the crude ethanolic extract and the active fractions of the roots of Combretum dolichopetalum were tested on guinea-pig isolated ileum and in intact rats. The extract relaxed guinea-pig ileum in a concentration-dependent manner. Two active fractions (R_f 0.96 and 0.84) which also relaxed the guinea-pig ileum were isolated using column chromatography and TLC respectively. Both the crude extract and the active fractions inhibited the contractions induced by acetylcholine and histamine concentration-dependently in the guinea-pig ileum. The crude extract inhibited ulcers and gastric secretions induced in rats by pyloric ligation together with histamine 100 mg/kg, i.p. (p<0.05). The extract also delayed gastric emptying in rats in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of the extract were compared with cimetidine at each stage of the study.     

Cardiovascular effects in rodents of the methanolic extract of the stem bark of Khaya senegalensis A. Juss

The methanolic bark extract of Khaya senegalensis was investigated for its effects on the cardiovascular system. The extract increased the blood pressure of chloralose anaesthetized rats. The increase in rate and force of contraction of isolated, spontaneous rabbit atria evoked by the extract were dose dependent and less pronounced than those produced by isoprenaline. The chronotropic effects of the extract and isoprenaline were antagonized by propranolol which also abolished the ionotropic effect of the extract and antagonized isoprenaline-induced inotrophy. The vasoconstrictor effect of the extract observed with isolated spiral strips of rabbit aorta was dose dependent, less potent than noradrenaline and was abolished by prazosin. These findings indicate that the hypertensive effect of the methanolic bark extract of K. senegalensis is partly due to the stimulation of β-receptors and α-adrenoceptors.     

Antiplasmodial and antipyretic screening of Mangifera indica extract

The stem bark extract of Mangifera indica was evaluated for antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis. The extract was also screened for antipyretic activity in mice. The extract exhibited a schizontocidal effect during early infection, and also demonstrated repository activity. A reduction in yeast-induced hyperpyrexia was also produced by the extract. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

豨莶草提取物对冠状动脉结扎大鼠心肌AKT及ERK1/2表达的影响

[目的] 通过豨莶草提取物对心肌缺血大鼠模型心肌蛋白激酶（AKT）及丝裂原活化蛋白激酶1/2（ERK1/2）表达的影响,探讨其对大鼠心肌缺血性损伤的保护作用。[方法] 将90只SD大鼠雄性随机分为6组,每组15只,分别为假手术组、模型对照组、豨莶草提取物低剂量组、豨莶草提取物中剂量组、豨莶草提取物高剂量组、硝酸异山梨酯组。构建大鼠心肌缺血损伤模型,用无创缝合线在左心耳根部下方2 mm处结扎。连续给药4周后。大鼠腹主动脉采血检测心肌酶,采用苏木精-伊红（HE）染色法观察缺血区心肌损伤级别,采用免疫组化法检测心肌细胞AKT及ERK1/2的表达。[结果] 与模型对照组相比较,豨莶草提取物低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组血清谷草转氨酶（AST）显著降低;豨莶草提取物低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）有所降低,但未见显著性差异;豨莶草提取物高剂量组血清肌酸激酶（CK）显著降低;豨莶草提取物中剂量组、高剂量组血清肌酸磷酸激酶（CK-MB）显著降低;豨莶草提取物低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组缺血区心肌组织HE染色分级显著降低;豨莶草提取物低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组缺血区心肌细胞AKT的表达显著增加;豨莶草提取物中剂量组、高剂量组缺血区心肌细胞ERK1/2表达显著增加。[结论] 豨莶草提取物可通过增加心肌缺血区AKT、ERK1/2表达而产生对心肌损伤的保护作用。     

玉叶金花水提物的抗炎抑菌作用

目的:研究玉叶金花水提物的抗炎、抑菌作用。方法:将小鼠随机分为对照组、阳性对照组和玉叶金花水提物高、中、低剂量组(33.6,16.8,8.4 g·kg-1),ig 4 d,以二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型观察其抗炎作用;将大鼠随机分为对照组、阳性对照组和玉叶金花水提物高、中、低剂量组(24,12,6 g·kg-1),以角叉菜胶致大鼠足趾肿胀模型及大鼠棉球肉芽肿模型观察其抗炎作用;通过体外抑菌试验,观察玉叶金花提取物的抑菌作用。结果:玉叶金花水提物的中、高剂量能显著减轻二甲苯致炎小鼠的耳肿胀度(P<0.05);玉叶金花水提物中、高剂量可明显抑制由角叉菜胶引起的大鼠2,3 h的足肿胀度(P<0.05);玉叶金花水提物给药组肉芽肿的质量较空白对照组明显减少;玉叶金花水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎球菌、链球菌、痢疾杆菌均有抑菌作用,其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为125,31.3,15.7,62.5,62.5 mg·kg-1。结论:玉叶金花水提物具有明显的抗炎及抗菌作用。     

马甲子叶抑菌有效部位的筛选

目的:探讨马甲子叶不同提取部位的抑菌作用,并筛选其有效部位。方法:系统溶剂法将马甲子叶提取为石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水5个部位后,用纸片法考察不同溶剂部位对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠埃希菌、沙门氏菌的体外抑菌活性,采用琼脂平板涂布法测定有明显抑菌作用的有效部位的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果:石油醚、三氯甲烷和水部位无抑菌效果。乙酸乙酯、正丁醇部位对受试病原菌有不同程度的抑菌效果,其中正丁醇部位抑菌活性达显著性差异,对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠埃希菌、沙门氏菌的MIC值分别为0.714,0.714,0.357,0.357 g·L-1。乙酸乙酯部位对4种细菌均具有明显抑制效果。综合抑菌效果比较:正丁醇部位乙酸乙酯部位水部位。结论:正丁醇、乙酸乙酯部位是马甲子叶的有效抑菌部位,是寻找新抑菌活性成分的基础,为后期开发利用提供理论依据。     

Hair Growth Activity of Crataegus pinnatifida on C57BL/6 Mouse Model

Crataegus pinnatifida has a long history of use in traditional oriental herbal medicine to stimulating digestion and improving blood circulation. Based on nutrition of hair, the present study was conducted to assess the effect of C. pinnatifida extract on hair growth using mouse model and its mechanisms of action. The C. pinnatifida extract containing the contents of total polyphenol of 5.88□0.82 g gallic acid/100 g extract and proanthocyanidin of 9.15□1.58 mg cyaniding chloride/100 g extract was orally administered daily at a dosage of 50 mg/kg weight to the 7‐week‐old C57BL/6 mice in telogen. The C. pinnatifida extract promoted hair growth by inducing anagen phase in mice in telogen, reflected by color of skin, thickness of hair shaft, and density of hair. The ratio of anagento telogen was determined by shape of hair follicles in vertically sectioned slide and increased by oral administration of C. pinnatifida extract. The number and the size of hair follicles were also enlarged, indicating anagen phase induction. The proliferation of human dermal papilla cells (hDPC) was accelerated by addition of C. pinnatifida extract, which activated the signaling of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (Erk, p‐38, and JNK) and Akt. Moreover, the ratio of Bcl‐2/Bax as the determinant of cell fate was also raised in skin. These results suggest that the C. pinnatifida extract promotes hair growth by inducing anagen phase, which might be mediated by the activation of cellular signalings that enhance the survival of cultured hDPC and the increase of the ratio of Bcl‐2 to Bax that protects cells against cell death. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

山茱萸水提液银纳米颗粒的制备及其抑菌活性的研究

目的使用山茱萸水提液在温和条件下制备银纳米颗粒(Ag NPs)、探究还原反应机制并研究其抑菌活性。方法采用紫外-可见光谱监测Ag NPs的生成,红外光谱研究还原机制,激光粒度仪和透射电镜表征粒径,表面性质和形貌,2倍稀释法研究Ag NPs的抑菌活性。结果山茱萸水提液在pH 9.0时超声反应4 h是还原制备AgNPs的最佳条件,得近球形AgNPs,平均粒径58.73 nm,均匀稳定、分散性好。黄酮类化合物可能起还原作用,同时水提液中活性成分在Ag NPs表面形成保护层,防止团聚,增加了Ag NPs的稳定性,制得的Ag NPs对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制率比化学法制备的Ag NPs分别增加20、40倍。结论山茱萸水提液可在温和条件下制备Ag NPs,该Ag NPs与化学制备法相比有更强的抗菌性能。结果表明该方法合成出的Ag NPs性能稳定,可以作为新型抗菌剂。