浅析制造业企业管理模式

文章针对当前国内制造业面临的市场竞争日趋激烈的环境下,探索制造业从内部管理模式创新,提升企业核心竞争力来应对市场竞争;从企业的技术创新、用户满意、企业文化和信息化应用这几个方面,粗浅地对制造业企业的竞争、创新、发展的思路进行了分析.     

成长型非国有工业集中在十大行业

一份《2 0 0 3年中国 (非公经济 )成长型中小企业发展报告》最新显示 ,在我国工业经济十大行业中 ,民营中小企业已形成持续发展的能力 ,具备较好的“成长性”。这十大行业分别是 :机械制造业、化不原料及化学制品制造业、非金属矿物制品业、纺织业、电气机械及器材制造业、金属制品业、交通运输设备制造业、专用设备制造业、食品加工业和塑料制品业。据国务院发展研究中心副主任鲁志强介绍 ,以上这些行业非公有制经济较早进入 ,中小企业在激烈的市场竞争中 ,已经形成了持续发展的能力。而由于市场准入限制市场竞争不够充分的行业 ,如煤气生…     

信息化与企业融合之道——编者的话

作为我国工业支柱产业的制造业,是国民经济持续发展的基础,也是＂两化融合＂的重点。制造业信息化是新时期我国制造业适应全球竞争环境、生存和发展的必由之路,对提升我国制造业的自主创新能力和市场竞争能力具有重要意义,是推进经济结构调整和经济增长方式转变的重要手段。     

可重构制造系统及其关键技术

进入新世纪以来,与制造业有关的产品市场竞争日趋激烈,缩短产品开发和交货周期、满足客户多样化和个性化需求、适应多品种和小批量生产是当前制造业的市场特点。为了在激烈的竞争中获胜,必须有适应全球市场竞争的快速响应能力,因此,满足市场变化需求的可重构制造系统由此产生。文章主要对可重构制造系统进行深入解读,概括介绍了它的特点、关键技术及研究难点。     

面向二十一世纪的生产模式及其先进制造技术

本文分析了制造业的全球市场竞争形势，从产品生命周期概念出发阐述了市场竞争中三要素的时间，质量和成本的新内涵，指出了制造业的新一代生产模式是以动态联盟为特征的敏捷制造并着重介绍了与此相关的平行工程，数据交换标准，过程重组，企业资源管理和电子商业等先进技术。     

高速数控技术的发展及其应用

数控技术的应用给传统制造业带来了革命性的变化,使制造业成为工业化的象征。随着数控技术的不断发展和应用领域的扩大,高速、高精度数控加工技术可极大地提高效率,提高产品质量,缩短生产周期并提高市场竞争能力。     

对接长珠闽融入全球化——访江西省科技厅副厅长王晓鸿

制造业历来是江西工业的主体。江西省制造业企业多数属于传统产业,以劳动功密集型和资源密集型为特色,是国民经济增长的主要源泉。随着经济全球化和全球信息化的发展,制造业将面临更加激烈的市场竞争,     

我国制造业自动化技术的发展战略与方向

广义地讲，制造业是将原材料变为可直接应用之产品的工业门类的总称。制造业是近代人类物质文明的基础，也是我国国民经济赖以发展、综合国力得以提高的重要支柱产业。传统制造业与现代科学技术，尤其是微电子、计算机与信息技术相结合，将其渗透于产品的设计、制造与生产管理及市场营销的所有领域及全部过程．构成了先进制造技术的主要内容。由于制造业是提供当前世界市场竞争的产品源头。因此，先进制造技术将是世界发达国家目前和今后一个长时期内市场竞争主要争夺的制高点。为了发展我国的制造业，必须找出当前我国制造业所存在的主要问…     

第三次工业革命背景下我国制造业的战略转型

加快推进经济体制改革,加速制造业市场化为破除我国制造业发展的体制机制障碍,解决制约我国制造业转型升级的深层次矛盾,激发制造业市场活力,要着力做好以下工作:一是深化国有大型企业改革,推进企业的公众化、市场化,通过资本市场把现在的国有企业改造成为上市公司,使之成为市场竞争主体。二是允许和鼓励主要制造业     

走出去，要有战略眼光

装备制造编辑部 在当前经济全面开放,国内市场竞争目益激烈,中国装备制造业有必要积极“走出去”参与国际市场竞争和全球资源分配。     

Configuration of manufacturing strategy decision areas in line production system: five case studies

The objective of this research is to study the configuration of decisions in manufacturing decision areas for a line production system. A case study approach is used by analyzing the decision choices selected by five case companies that satisfy characteristics of line production system. The paper identifies decision choices specific to line shop as well as decisions that are influenced by non-process specific factors such as competitive priorities (order winner), strategic orientation of manufacturing (stages in H–W model), top management decisions, and size of the company. Findings on several decision choices are new to manufacturing literature. These research findings should be helpful to practitioners and researchers.     

我国制造业国际竞争力与驱动力分析

随着经济全球化和世界制造业向我国的转移,我国制造业面临着新的机遇和挑战,也存在着许多问题.确定了产业国际竞争力的基本研究框架,并对竞争实力,竞争驱动力,制约我国制造业国际竞争力的因素进行了分析,为提高我国制造业国际竞争力指明了方向.     

Intelligent Data Acquisition Technology Based on Agents

Nowadays, information is the most important factor for any manufacturing enterprise. Information helps a manufacturer to make decisions about management, production, operation, maintenance, and repair. Information technology is a key for enterprises who are realising integrated manufacturing all over the world. Data acquisition is the backbone of information technology. Data acquisition technology is the product of the fusion and interaction of many technologies. It is necessary to develop new data acquisition technology and methods by using the recently produced research results. It is also important for realising manufacturing automation, promoting product quality, and enhancing the competitive ability of an enterprise. In this paper, we first analyse three common kinds of data acquisition mode and their features used in manufacturing systems. Then, based on the background of manufacturing automation, agents and distributed artificial intelligent technology, which form a new data acquisition model framework suitable for an advanced manufacturing system, is proposed, and some details about this new model are discussed. Two examples of this model used in manufacturing systems are then given to show the availability and correctness of this model framework. We conclude with current research results in this area and give an outline of future work.     

A methodology for facilitating reconfiguration in manufacturing: the move towards reconfigurable manufacturing systems

The launch of new products to the market is essential for companies in order to remain competitive. Products are constantly being replaced for others that fulfil the changing requirements of the customers. For achieving this, companies have to adapt their production system to the new requirements of the new products by adding or removing machines, changing the lay-out, etc. Normally, this reconfiguration implies a high investment. Reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMSs) arise for facilitating the reconfiguration of the production system, being considered as the next step in manufacturing. This paper deals with the development of a methodology based on RMSs that allows a feasible reconfiguration of production systems. This methodology is based on the ALCA algorithm from group technology, and takes into account five requirements of products on RMSs: modularity, commonality, compatibility, reusability and demand. The selection of the product families is obtained with a mathematical model specifically formulated for this purpose.     

A resource-based modelling approach to support responsive manufacturing systems

The manufacturing industry faces the challenge of responding quickly to the ever-changing requirements of customers. A key factor in these highly competitive environments is an ability for companies to master key production system dynamics such as change in the product types and variants and production quantities that they make, with high quality, low cost, and fast delivery. A novel approach to modelling manufacturing systems is introduced which is based on the provision of means for explicitly representing and computer executing dynamic producer units (DPUs). DPUs are defined as re-usable, change capable components of a manufacturing enterprise and have been described in the present authors’ previous publications. DPU concepts were conceived to support (1) the design of change capable manufacturing systems that can realise families of similar products in varying quantities and mixes and (2) the re-configuration of manufacturing systems in cases of withdrawal of a product family and introduction of a new one. To achieve this, a generic manufacturing system model is required to facilitate the systematic and timely alteration of production system designs and production plans. DPU modelling concepts facilitate these alterations through explicitly specifying the need for change capabilities so that rapid and cost-effective changeover responses can be made when production requirements change. This paper presents how DPU modelling concepts can be applied with reference to an industrial case study and describes a change decision-making framework in the form of a taxonomy and enabling tools.     

Rapid one-of-a-kind product development

In today’s global market, more and more manufacturing companies have realised that the ability to quickly develop a customised product in an economic and efficient way is critical for them to survive in the keen competitive international market, particularly for one-of-a-kind production (OKP) companies. A new generation of OKP systems needs to be developed to maintain competitiveness in the global marketplace and to improve the ability to rapidly combine the strengths of manufacturing partners to meet market needs. In this paper, the main objectives of rapid OKP development in the global manufacturing environment are discussed. The background of recent approaches for rapid development of OKP products is reviewed. After systematically reviewing the existing OKP systems and recent developments of new technology and systems, the authors discuss current issues and requirements for developing a new generation of OKP systems for rapidly producing OKP products. At the end of this paper, a reference system structure is proposed for rapid development of OKP products in the global manufacturing environment .     

Intelligent support system for continuous improvement in a dynamic manufacturing environment

In a dynamic competitive environment where consumer demands are getting more sophisticated and technology advancement is very fast, a firm that can quickly improve its workforce's skill level to match the introduction of advanced manufacturing technology will gain a competitive edge. This paper discusses how expert system technology should be modified and integrated with conventional analytical techniques like statistical estimation, pattern recognition, parameter estimation, etc., to provide on-line assistance to less experienced production operators, as well as to provide off-line support of continuous learning and the accumulation of experiences. A new paradigm that integrates the fault-tree (AND-OR graph) and the flow chart is developed. It is shown how such a paradigm can be applied to various applications in the production process, and how it can play an important role in the continuous learning process which will increase the speed of the workforce's skill improvement and production performance.     

敏捷制造和防错技术在白车身制造中的应用

制造是21世纪信息时代极有竞争力的生产模式。防错技术是质量体系中的重要内容。本文主要介绍敏捷制造和防错技术在白车身制造中的工艺特点。     

Method for control of the make-to-order manufacturing system on the base of earning power assessment

A key requirement for the make-to-order (MTO) manufacturing companies to remain competitive is the ability to assess incoming orders in terms of performance and to determine the best orders that they should accept. In this paper, we propose a method to control the entire production process, from customer enquiry up to product delivery, for the MTO manufacturing systems. In practice, decisions on order acceptance and on production planning are often made separately. Sales department is responsible for accepting orders, while the production department is in charge of production planning for implementation of accepted orders. The method proposed in this paper aims to facilitate the connection between the two departments by an integrated control based on the earning power evaluation. The main problems for a MTO manufacturing system manager, i.e. those related to order acceptance and machine control, are solved by the new control method. The solutions are highlighted by presenting the conceptual flowchart of the proposed method, followed by a case study, where three time and cost modeling techniques—namely analytical, neural, and k-NN regression techniques—are applied. The models of earning power at operation, job, and order level are further built and analyzed. The results show that the method could lead to a significant increase of the manufacturing system performance.     

WTO条件下我国机械制造业面临的机遇、挑战及对策

阐述我国制造业发展现状,入世给我国制造业带来的机遇与挑战.提出我国制造企业要占领世界市场,必须提高自主开发和技术创新能力,重视先进制造技术的发展,加强政府引导,加强与国际大型企业及国际相关组织的交流合作,强化人才培养机制.