高胆固醇血症对兔胆管括约肌细胞内Ca2+转运的影响

目的观察高胆固醇(cholesterol, Ch)血症对兔胆管括约肌(sphincter of Oddi, SO)细胞内Ca2+转运的影响, 以探讨SO功能紊乱的机制. 方法高Ch饲养兔8 wk(实验组), 制作高Ch血症模型, 与对照组SO细胞分别进行原代培养. Fluo-3/AM负载, 用激光共聚焦显微镜对照观测静息状态及3.6 mmol*L-1 MgSO4作用下SO胞内Ca2+浓度变化特征. 结果与对照组相比较, 静息状态下, 实验组SO细胞内Ca2+荧光强度明显增高[(21.07±0.82) vs (13.56±1.22), P＜0.05]; 3.6 mmol*L-1 MgSO4持续作用下, 实验组细胞内Ca2+荧光强度下降速率减慢[(0.87±0.14)*s-1 vs (1.38±0.22)*s-1, P＜0.05],下降幅度减少[(23.59±1.22)% vs (50.77±2.56)%, P＜0.05],下降后的最低值仍明显高于对照组最低值[(16.81±0.05) vs (6.40±0.16), P＜0.05], 恢复速率明显减慢[(0.01±0.00)*s-1 vs (0.41±0.04)*s-1, P＜0.05]. 结论高胆固醇血症兔SO细胞Ca2+ 跨膜转运障碍, [Ca2+]i呈超载状态,导致胞内钙滞留. 提示高Ch可影响细胞膜钙通道活性、胞内钙库释放和摄取Ca2+过程.     

阿魏酸乙酯抗ADP诱导的血小板聚集及其机制

目的　观察阿魏酸乙酯抗二磷酸腺苷 (ADP)诱导的血小板聚集作用 ,及其对血小板细胞内钙波动的影响 .方法　在含有阿魏酸乙酯和阿魏酸的兔富含血小板血浆 (PRP)中加入 ADP诱导血小板的集聚 ,以 2 0 0 m L· L- 1聚乙二醇为对照 ,用 TYXN- 91智能血液凝集仪观察血小板聚集率 ,激光共聚焦显微镜观察血小板细胞聚集时细胞内钙离子的变化情况 .结果　不同终浓度 (0 .1,0 .5 ,1.5和 3.0 mm ol· L- 1 )的阿魏酸乙酯对 ADP诱导的血小板聚集抑制百分数分别为(% ) 2 6 .3± 3.3,33.4± 2 .4,73.4± 3.1和 94.9± 2 .7,均显著高于等浓度的阿魏酸水平 (n=8,P<0 .0 5 ) .在阿魏酸乙酯作用下 ADP诱导的血小板细胞内钙离子荧光强度的变化(Δ FI)为 4.6± 1.7,明显低于对照值ΔFI(10 .3± 2 .6 ) (n=8,P<0 .0 1) .结论　阿魏酸乙酯抑制由 ADP诱导的血小板聚集作用比阿魏酸强     

心肌梗死后心室肌细胞内钙离子浓度变化及比索洛尔对其的影响

目的　观察心肌梗死 (MI)后应用比索洛尔的保护作用与心室肌细胞内钙离子 ([Ca2 +]i)的关系 .方法　建立兔MI模型 ,采用钙敏感性荧光探针 Fluo- 3为 [Ca2 +]i 指示剂 ,应用激光扫描共聚焦技术测定 MI后急性分离的非梗死区心室肌 [Ca2 +]i 及比索洛尔对其影响 .结果　对细胞负载 Fluo-3/AM后的细胞内游离 Ca2 +图像观察发现 ,MI心室肌细胞荧光强度、密度明显强于 Sham组及 β- B组 (P<0 .0 0 1及 P<0 .0 5 ) .Sham组、MI组及 β- B组心室肌细胞的平均荧光强度分别为 2 93± 72 ,6 70± 131,40 2± 92 .结论　 MI后非梗死心室肌细胞内 Ca2 +超载 ,比索洛尔治疗 3wk可减轻心室肌细胞内 Ca2 +超载 .     

K物质对大鼠心肌细胞收缩的影响及其信号传导通路的探讨

目的　研究K物质引起大鼠心肌细胞收缩的信号传导通路。方法　应用钙离子荧光指示剂Fluo 3AM负载原代培养的大鼠心肌细胞 ,通过流式细胞仪检测心肌细胞内游离钙离子浓度 ( [Ca2 + ]i)变化 ;分别应用磷脂酶C抑制剂 新霉素 ,三磷酸肌醇受体拮抗剂 肝素阻断肌醇磷脂 钙信号系统 ,观察二者对K物质诱导的 [Ca2 + ]i变化的影响。结果　SK( 1.78× 10 -5mol/L)能升高 [Ca2 + ]i,新霉素、肝素均可阻断SK诱导的 [Ca2 + ]i升高的效应。结论　SK可升高心肌细胞[Ca2 + ]i,其作用与肌醇磷脂 钙信号系统有关     

5-羟色胺对培养胃底平滑肌细胞内游离钙动员的影响

目的　研究 5 - HT诱导胃底平滑肌细胞内钙动员的机制 .方法　采用 Ca2 +指示剂 Fluo- 3/ AM作为细胞内钙离子的荧光探针负载培养的胃底平滑肌细胞 ,共聚焦技术检测细胞内钙荧光强度的变化 .结果　基础状态下 SFSMC[Ca2 + ]i 荧光强度 (FI)为 2 6 4± 15 ,5 - HT 10μmol· L- 1 使荧光强度的变化 ΔFI为 16 .5± 2 .6 ;细胞外无钙时 ,5 - HT升高[Ca2 + ]作用被减弱 ,但除去细胞外钙 ,并使用内罗啶 (ryan-odine)孵育后 ,5 - HT 不再引起荧光强度的变化 ;10μmol· L- 1 米安舍林 (mianserin)可部分拮抗 5 - HT升高[Ca2 + ]i 的作用 ,赛更定 (cyprohetadine)不能抑制 5 - HT升高的胞内钙 ;Mn92 0 2和拉西地平 (lacidipine)均能完全抑制 5 -HT升高 [Ca2 + ]i 的作用 .结论　 5 - HT可通过促进外钙内流及钙池 (SR)释放使 [Ca2 + ]i 升高 ;在胃底平滑肌 5 - HT升高胞内钙部分通过 5 - HT2 受体 ,而不是通过 5 - HT1 C受体 ;5 -羟色胺通过 L型钙通道促外钙内流 ;二氢吡啶类钙拮抗剂能通过阻滞 L 型钙通道 ,而完全抑制 5 - HT促胞内钙升高的作用     

舒张性心力衰竭兔Ca2+调控蛋白相关基因表达的变化

目的探讨舒张性心力衰竭(DHF)时Ca2+调控蛋白相关基因表达的变化,以阐明DHF发生的分子机制.方法建立DHF兔模型,并设假手术为对照组,分别测定2组兔心肌细胞内Ca2+含量和肌浆网(SR)Ca2+-ATPase(钙泵)活性,并以定量RT-PCR和Westernblot技术检测Ca2+调控蛋白相关基因的转录和蛋白质表达水平.结果(1)DHF兔心肌细胞内Ca2+含量(μg/ml)显著高于对照组(1728±545vs633±168,P＜0.01);(2)DHF兔SR钙泵活性,细胞膜L型Ca2+通道和SR钙泵mRNA水平(μmol*mg-1*h-1)明显低于对照组(10.5±2.8vs21.1±5.7;0.75±0.11vs1.20±0.33;0.76±0.12vs1.24±0.38,P＜0.05～0.01);(3)DHF兔细胞膜L型Ca2+通道mRNA水平与左室舒张末压中度负相关(r=-0.74,P＜0.05),SR钙泵mRNA水平与左室舒张末压和左室松弛时间常数中度负相关(r分别为-0.81、-0.64,P＜0.05～0.01);DHF兔兰尼碱受体mRNA水平与左室松弛时间常数负相关(r=-0.71,P＜0.05);(4)DHF兔SR钙泵的蛋白质表达明显低于对照组(0.75±0.06vs1.02±0.09,P＜0.05).结论细胞膜L型Ca2+通道和SR钙泵mRNA和蛋白质表达减低是导致心肌细胞内Ca2+超负荷及DHF发生的重要因素.     

G蛋白参与K物质对心肌细胞内游离钙离子浓度的影响

目的　观测 K物质对体外培养的乳鼠心肌细胞内游离钙离子浓度的影响 ,并探讨作用机制 .方法　应用钙离子荧光指示剂 Fluo- 3AM负载原代培养的大鼠心肌细胞 ,通过流式细胞仪检测心肌细胞内游离钙离子浓度 ([Ca2 + ]i)变化 ;分别应用速激肽受体拮抗剂 - DSP和抗水解 GDP类似物 -GDPβS,观察二者对 K物质诱导的 [Ca2 + ]i变化的影响 .结果　 SK能升高 [Ca2 + ]i,即由对照组的 173± 2 0 nmol· L- 1升高至 2 84± 2 0 nmol· L- 1 (P<0 .0 1) ,且在 1.78× 10 - 5～ 1.78×10 - 7mol· L- 1 浓度范围内存有剂量 -效应关系 ;DSP和GDPβS均可阻断 SK诱导的心肌细胞 [Ca2 + ]i升高的效应 .结论　SK可升高心肌细胞 [Ca2 + ]i,其作用有 G蛋白参与     

8-Br-cAMP和槲皮素对Eca-109细胞内游离钙离子浓度的影响

目的观察8-Br-cAMP和槲皮素对人食管癌Eca-109细胞内游离钙离子浓度([Ca2+]i)的影响.方法将贴壁培养的Eca-109细胞随机分成3组,Br组加8-Br-cAMP至终浓度为2×105 mol/L;Q组加槲皮素至终浓度为43 μmol/L;C组不加任何药物,只加入新培养液培养.3组细胞同时培养48 h,用激光共聚焦显微镜观察3组细胞内钙离子的荧光强度.结果对照组细胞内游离钙离子荧光强度为59.2±8.1,Br组细胞内游离钙离子荧光强度为63.3±8.5,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Q组细胞内游离钙离子荧光强度为113.3±12.5,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论提示Br和Q诱导细胞凋亡的信号传导途径可能存在一定差异.     

大黄素对豚鼠单个心室肌细胞胞浆游离钙浓度的影响

目的　研究大黄素 (Emodin)对豚鼠心室肌细胞内游离钙浓度 ([Ca2 + ]i)的影响。方法　酶解法分离单个豚鼠心肌细胞 ,用与钙离子特异性结合的Fluo 3 Am标记细胞内游离钙离子 ,应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜实时监测钙荧光强度 (FluorescentIntensity ,FI)的变化 ,以平均荧光强度代表 [Ca2 + ]i。结果　在静息状态下 ,大黄素 1～10 0 μmol L对 [Ca2 + ]i 均无影响 ;大黄素 1μmol L对KCl 6 0mmol L诱导的外钙内流引起的胞浆钙升高有促进作用 ,平均荧光强度由 1876 .7± 5 5 1.3增加至 2 90 4 .8± 739.1(n =8,P <0 .0 5 ) ;10 μmol L对其无影响 ;10 0 μmol L则表现为抑制作用 ,平均荧光强度降至 12 14 .1± 334.8(n =8,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　大黄素低浓度 (1μmol L)对KCl诱导的细胞内钙增高有促进作用 ;高浓度 (10 0 μmol L)则表现为抑制作用。因此 ,大黄素对心肌细胞内钙具有双向调节作用     

17β-雌二醇诱导内皮型一氧化氮合酶活性增高及其与细胞内钙的关系

目的　研究 17β -雌二醇 (E2 )对新生小牛主动脉血管内皮细胞 (BAECs)中内皮型一氧化氮合酶 (eNOS)活性的长期基因效应 ,并进一步探讨胞内钙信号途径在其中的作用。方法　采用培养的BAECs,同位素法测定eNOS的活性 ;Westernblot检测eNOS蛋白表达 ;荧光分光光度计法检测E2 对细胞内钙的影响。结果　 (1)E2 (0 .0 0 1,0 0 1,0 .1,1μmol/L)作用于BAECs 4 8h ,使eNOS活性分别增加 130 %± 2 7% ,178%± 19% ,14 2 %± 2 0 % ,14 4 %± 2 7%。E2 激活eNOS活性的作用被雌激素受体拮抗剂Tamoxifen(0 .1μmol/L)所阻断 ;(2 ) 0 .0 1μmol/LE2 作用于BAECs 1h对eNOS蛋白表达无明显影响 ,而作用 2 4h和 4 8h分别使eNOS蛋白表达增加了 2 76 %± 36 %和374 %± 2 0 % ;Tamoxifen明显抑制E2 处理 4 8h后诱导的eNOS蛋白表达 ,抑制率为 6 6 5 %± 7 4 % ;(3) 0 .0 1μmol/LE2 作用BAECs 4 8h ,分别使静息 [Ca2 + ]i增加了 70 .3± 2 1.5nmol/L ,使 10mmol/LATP诱导的BAECs[Ca2 + ]i峰值增加了 2 4 0 .2± 6 8 2nmol/L ,ATP诱导的 [Ca2 + ]i增加值 (峰值与静息值之差 )增加了 170 .5± 4 8.9nmol/L。结论　雌激素可通过长期基因效应而激活eNOS ,至少部分通过核ER介导 ,并与胞内钙动员有关     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.