妊高症患者铜锌元素及铜锌超氧化物歧化酶的水平变化

本文测定１０例正常孕妇，２１例妊高症患者产前的血清锌（Ｚｎ），铜（Ｃｕ），铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ）活性。结果：与对照组比较，重度妊高症组血清Ｚｎ含量明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），中度妊高症组ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ活性显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），随病情加重ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ活性降低更显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。本文结果提示，妊高症的病情变化与抗氧化的活性降低，锌含量下降有关，治疗妊高症，除给予自由基清除剂外，还需补充锌元素。     

支气管哮喘患者血清超氧化物歧化酶与中医辨证分型的关系

用放射免疫分析测定１９７例支气管哮喘患者血清超氧化物歧化酶（Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ｓｕｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ　ｄｉｓｍｕｔａｓｅ，ＳＯＤ－１）含量，并与５１例正常人比较。结果显示，哮喘患者的ＳＯＤ－１含量明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），合并肺部感染时显著增高（Ｐ＜０．００１）；并与中医辨证分型有内在联系，肺虚型及肺脾两虚型降低幅度不如肺肾两虚型显著。提示血清ＳＯＤ含量变化可能是哮喘中医辨证分型的物质基础。     

麻风病人血液超氧化物歧化酶的研究

用亚硝酸法测定各型麻风病（ｎ＝７３）及健康人（ｎ＝１５）血浆中ＳＯＤ总量、Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ和Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ含量；发现各型麻风病人血浆中ＳＯＤ总量和Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ含量均比正常人高（Ｐ＜０．０１），而Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ含量无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．５）。提示麻风病人血浆中ＳＯＤ总量升高，受Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ的影响；后者存在于细菌体内，从而证明麻风病人体内的ＳＯＤ主要来源于麻风分枝杆菌。     

人参花蕾皂甙对失血性休克犬心、肝、肺组织SOD及五种金属元素含量的影响

杂种犬１６只，按体重随机分为失血性休克（ｈｅｍｏｒｒｈａｇｉｃｓｈｏｃｋ，ＨＳ）组（８只），失血性休克（ＨＳ）人参花蕾皂甙（ｇｉｎｓｅｎｇｆｌｏｗｅｒｂｕｄｓａｐｏｎｉｎ）预治疗（ＨＳＧ）组（８只）。通过调整血容量使动脉血压维持于５．３～６．７ｋＰａ５ｈ，放血后５ｈ处死动物取心肌、肝、肺组织测微量元素铜（Ｃｕ）、锌（Ｚｎ）铁（Ｆｅ）及宏量元素钙（Ｃａ）、镁（Ｍｇ）及超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的含量。结果显示：ＨＳＧ与ＨＳ组比较肺组织Ｚｎ含量明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１），心肌、肺和肝组织Ｃａ含量显著减少（Ｐ＜０．０５），而心肌、肺和肝组织ＳＯＤ含量明显增多（Ｐ＜０．００１，Ｐ＜０．００１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。作者对这些结果的意义进行了探讨。     

绞股蓝总皂甙抗大鼠海马结构缺血再灌注损伤的实验研究

探讨大鼠海马结构缺轿再灌注损伤机理及绞股蓝总皂甙抗缺血再灌注损伤的作用，结果：ＩＲ组海马组织中ＭＤＡ含量高于组（Ｐ〈０．０１），而ＳＯＤ含量低于ＳＯＣ组（Ｐ〈０．０１），差异非常显著：ＩＲ＋ＧＰ组海马组织中ＭＤＡ含量明显低于ＩＲ组（Ｐ〈０．０１），而ＳＯＣ含量明显高于ＩＲ组（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＩＲ组海马组织Ｎａ＾＋－Ｋ＾＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ，Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ的活性明显低于ＳＯＣ组（Ｐ〈０．０１）     

超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化脂质和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶变化与急性有机磷农药中毒的关系

本文对３３例急性有机磷农药中毒（ＡＯＩＰ）患者检测了超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ－１），过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ），ＡＯＩＰ组的ＳＯＤ－１、ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ较对照组明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而ＬＰＯ较对照组明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＳＯＤ－１含量与胆碱酯酶活性呈正相关（ｒ＝０．６０２，Ｐ＜０．０１）。研究结果说明，氧自由基参于了有机磷农药对机体的损伤过程。     

缺血－再灌注损伤与高空减压病

５例延迟性Ⅱ型高空减压病（ＤＣＳ）血铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（Ｃｕ－ＺｎＳＯＤ）测定结果，平均３１０．２ｎｇ／ｍｌ，较低者分别为２０５、２３１和２５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。对照组平均３８５．６ｎｇ／ｍｌ，较低者分别为３３０、３４０和３６６ｎｇ／ｍｌ。经Ｘ２检验，患者组明显低于对照组（Ｔ＝６．１６５，Ｐ＜０．０１），治疗后１个月患者组血ＳＯＤ恢复正常。表明ＤＣＳ与缺血－再灌注损伤有一定联系．     

Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血清sICAM-1和sVCAM-1检测及其临床意义

应用酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）,测定了４７例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者和２０例健康对照者血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子－１（ｓＩＣＡＭ－１）和可溶性血管细胞粘附分子－１（ｓＶＣＡＭ－１）含量。结果表明：①血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－１和ｓＶＣＡＭ－１水平,在Ⅱ型糖尿病组及有、无微血管病变组均显著高于健康对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）,有微血管病变组又高于无微血管病变组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）;②Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－１和ｓＶＣＡＭ－１之间呈正相关关系（ｒ＝０．５３,Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示：血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－１和ｓＶＣＡＭ－１参与Ⅱ型糖尿病的发病过程。     

地奥心血康对心肌缺血再灌犬心肌细胞膜Na~＋，K~＋—ATP酶活性与LPO含量

１６只成年杂种犬复制心肌缺血再灌模型。分为地奥心血康治疗组（ＤＡＸＸＫＧ）和生理盐水对照组（ＮＳＣＧ）。差速离心分离心肌细胞质膜，无机磷法测定心肌细胞膜Ｎａ￣＋，Ｋ￣＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性，荧光法测定心肌细胞膜与血清脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量。结果表明：（１）ＤＡＸＸＫＧＮａ￣＋，Ｋ￣＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性明显高于ＮＳＣＧ（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）血清ＬＰＯ含量，随着再灌时间延长，ＮＳＣＧ呈上升趋势，ＤＡＸＸＫＧ略下降，再灌２４０ｍｉｎ两组比较差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；心肌细胞膜ＬＰＯ含量，ＤＡＸＸＫＧ低于ＮＳＣＧ（Ｐ＜０．０５）；（３）心肌细胞膜Ｎａ￣＋，Ｋ￣＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性与ＬＰＯ含量呈明显负相关（ｒ＝－０．８３，Ｐ＜０．０１）。这些结果提示ＤＡＸＸＫ可通过抗脂质过氧化而实现其保护心肌细胞膜的效应。     

正常胃粘膜,癌周粘膜和癌组织中Cu Zn SOD免疫…

本文首次报道了利用兔抗人Ｃｕ Ｚｎ ＳＯＤ抗血清对正常胃粘膜和癌周及癌组织中ＣｕＺｎ ＳＯＤ分布，进行免疫组化定位研究。发现正常胃粘膜组织中Ｃｕ Ｚｎ ＳＯＤ染色强度明显高于癌周粘膜（Ｐ＜０．０５）；癌周粘膜组织明显高于癌组织（Ｐ＜０．０５）。表明胃癌组织中Ｃｕ Ｚｎ ＳＯＤ具有明显降低的现象。结果显示了３９例胃癌组织中Ｃｕ Ｚｎ ＳＯＤ染色阳性强度与术中所见腹腔转移有一定的关系，表现为中度阳性组     

慢性肾功能衰竭患者血液透析和肾移植前后凝血-血栓形成指标的变化

目的:观察慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)患者血液透析(血透)和肾移植前后凝血-体外血栓形成指标的变化。方法:CRF病人53例,46例采用血透治疗,7例采用同种异体肾移植。分别于治疗前、血液透析10次后、肾移植18个月后检查血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)、抗凝血酶-Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ)水平以及体外血栓形成的长度和重量。结果:CRF患者ET-1增加,AT-Ⅲ降低,体外血栓较长、较重,与健康对照组比较P均<0.01;血透治疗后ET-1有所降低,AT-Ⅲ有所增加,但体外血栓长度和重量无显著变化(P>0.05);肾移植治疗后血浆ET-1、AT-Ⅲ以及血栓长度和重量均较治疗前有非常显著性统计学差异,P均<0.01,接近健康对照组水平。结论:ET-1和AT-Ⅲ异常变化可促进CRF患者凝血功能增强和血栓形成,肾移植能改善凝血功能,防治血栓形成。     

Coronary-artery calcium scores using electron beam CT in patients with chronic renal failure

We evaluated the risk of coronary-artery disease in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) by measuring the coronary-artery calcium scores with electron beam CT (EBCT). A total of 81 CRF patients were divided into three groups; pre-dialysis (group I, n = 35), hemodialysis (group II, n = 31) and peritoneal dialysis (group III, n = 15). The several serum biochemical markers and calcium score levels by EBCT were determined. The Ca x P products were significantly higher in groups II (p < 0.05) and III (p < 0.01) than in group I. The serum calcium levels were significantly higher in group III than in both group I (p < 0.01) and II (p < 0.05). The serum calcium level in 15 patients with a calcium score > 400 was significantly higher than the 66 patients with a score < or =400 (p < 0.01). The calcium score was significantly higher in the 15 patients with cardiovascular complications than in the 66 patients without cardiovascular complications (628.9+/-904.8 vs. 150.4+/-350.9, p < 0.01). EBCT seemed to be a good diagnostic tool for evaluating the risk of coronary-artery disease 'noninvasively' in CRF patients who are at increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.     

肾脏疾病时血与尿中的瘦素水平

目的探讨人瘦素 ( leptin,L EP)在肾脏疾病中的作用机制及其表达特征。方法采用放射免疫分析法对慢性肾功能衰竭等 10组肾脏疾病患者进行血清和尿液中瘦素水平检测。观察其浓度变化与 Cr、BU N的关系 ,并与 3 0例正常人比较。结果 15 2例患者中 ,除肾积水组外 ,其它各组瘦素水平均不同程度高于对照组 ,差异显著 ( P<0 .0 1)慢性肾衰组瘦素含量随 Cr、BU N增高而增高 ,呈正相关关系 ( r=0 .4 0 ,P<0 .0 1,r=0 .3 8,P<0 .0 5 )。尿液中瘦素在慢性肾炎和肾病综合症组含量增高 ,慢性肾衰和肾肿瘤组则较正常人降低。结论瘦素增高与多种因素有关 ,并与肾脏功能受损程度成正比。     

慢性肾衰患者血液透析前后血浆心钠素和环核苷酸水平的变化

心钠素和环核苷酸水平的变化对于肾脏的基础和临床研究具有十分重要的意义。为了进一步观察心钠素和环核苷酸水平在肾功能不全发病中的作用,本文对34例CRF病人血液透析前后血浆ANF、cAMP、cGMP水平进行分析。结果显示,CRF患者透析前血浆ANF、cAMP、cGMP含量均显著高于健康人(p<0.001),cAMP/cGMP比值则显著低于健康人(p<0.01)。而经过血透后ANF、cAMP,cGMP含量又明显下降(p<0.001),提示CRF的发病机理与ANF、cAMP、cGMP水平的改变有密切的关系。同时初步分析了这些变化的原因及意义。因此,我们认为测量血浆ANF、cAMP、cGMP水平的变化,对CRF患者的诊治有一定的指导意义。     

Serum lipoprotein (a) levels in chronic renal failure and liver cirrhosis patients. Relationship with atherosclerosis

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between lipoprotein (a) levels and the development of atherosclerosis in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients with the possible role of the liver. Serum Lp (a) levels were measured in samples from 20 CRF patients on hemodialysis (HD), 20 liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, 20 patients having both CRF and LC and undergoing HD, and 20 normal control subjects. Renal function (blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine), hepatic function (transaminases (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin) investigations and serum cholesterol were carried out for all the subjects enrolled in this study. Serum Lp (a) concentration in CRF patients without LC was 87.25 +/- 6.17 mg/dl, which was significantly higher than all the investigated groups (P < 0.001). Lp (a) concentration in patients with both CRF and LC was 24.65 +/- 1.98 mg/dl, which was not significantly different from the controls, but was significantly higher than that in the subjects with LC only (P < 0.001) where the latter group had significantly low Lp (a) values (11.1 +/- 0.99) relative to all the other groups (P < 0.001). Lp (a) correlated positively with cholesterol in all groups except the LC subjects, but did not correlate with age, or renal function in both CRF groups.     

Assessment of erythropoietin levels and some iron indices in chronic renal failure and liver cirrhosis patients

This study was constructed to investigate the relationship between renal anaemia and erythropoietin (EPO) concentrations in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients and to evaluate the possible role of the liver. Serum EPO levels were measured in blood samples from 20 CRF patients on hemodialysis (HD), 20 liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, 20 patients having both CRF and LC and undergoing HD, and 20 normal control subjects. Blood cell counts, iron indices (iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and ferritin), renal function (blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine), hepatic function (ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin) investigations were carried out for all the subjects enrolled in this study. CRF patients without LC had serum EPO concentration of 6.21 +/- 0.53 mU/ml (mean +/- SE), which was significantly higher than that in patients having both CRF and LC (4.32 +/- 0.52) (p < 0.01). Both groups showed significantly lower values than the controls (12.75 +/- 0.70) (p < 0.001). LC patients with intact kidneys had significantly higher EPO level (22.70 +/- 1.70) (p < 0.001). No correlation was found between EPO level and any of the hematologic or iron indices.     

Disturbance of the autonomic nerve system in patients with chronic renal failure--represented by variation coefficient of R-R intervals in the ECG as a parameter

Autonomic nerve dysfunction in patients with chronic renal failure has of late become an issue to be investigated. R-R intervals in resting electrocardiograms were measured to evaluate activities of the cardiac parasympathetic nerve system. A total of 140 patients with chronic renal failure were studied to be compared with 20 normal controls (cont.) and 39 with diabetes mellitus (DM). Of these patients 15 were subjected to conservative treatment (CRF), while 125 patients were undergoing hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure-100 of them derived from chronic glomerulonephritis (HD) and 25 from diabetes mellitus (DM.HD). The variation coefficient of the R-R interval (CVRR) was measured after the subject patients had rested for over 15 minutes before a dialysis session. The mean CVRR were 2.15 +/- 1.25% in CRF group, 2.36 +/- 1.37% in HD and 1.37 +/- 0.99% in DM.HD. These values were significantly lower than in control group (4.70 +/- 2.64%). On the other hand, the value in DM.HD group, as shown above, was significantly lower than in HD. In CRF group the CVRR values lowered as residual renal functions decreased. No significant correlations between CVRR S and the duration of hemodialysis treatment were noted among the groups. In HD group the CVRR S were significantly lower in patients with hypotensive tendency during hemodialysis than in those who enjoyed good control of blood pressure. These results suggest that the measurement of CVRR S can be of help in evaluating autonomic nerve dysfunction in patients with chronic renal failure.     

慢性肾衰竭血透患者血清瘦素水平及其意义

为探讨慢性肾衰竭（CRF）血透患者的血清瘦素水平及其与残余肾功能、人体构成和营养状况的关系，分别采用放射免疫分析技术、生物电阻 抗技术和常规生化方法测定31例终末期CRF血透患者的血清瘦素水平、人体构成和营养相关指标。结果显示，CRF患者血清瘦素水平显著高于对照组（P＜0．001）；瘦素水平与体重指数和脂肪百分比呈正相关，与去脂体重呈负相关（P均＜0．001），与肌酐清除率、血肌酐、尿素氮以及血白蛋白、胆固醇、血红蛋白无相关性（P均大于0．05）。结论：终末期CRF患者存在高瘦素血症，其瘦素水平与残余肾功能无关，但可能导致去脂体重丢失。瘦素可以作为评价机体脂肪含量的营养指标，但没有在终末期CRF患者蛋白质营养不良中发挥显著作用。