CAPP开发工具设计和实践

计算机辅助工艺设计（ＣＡＰＰ）和数控自动编程是ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ／ＣＡＭ／ＣＡＥ集成中的重要部分。近二十年来，已开发了许多ＣＡＰＰ系统，但都是专用系统。通用系统理论研究虽有成果，但难以实施。ＣＡＰＰ开发工具则是ＣＡＰＰ研究开发和推广应用的另一种可行方法。本文在总结已有ＣＡＰＰ开发工具研究成果基础上，阐述了ＣＡＰＰ开发工具的概念并提出一个分层次的基本模型。该模型将成组技术（ＧＴ）原理，工艺设计信息模型，智能技术，面向对象的软件技术和数据库技术有机结合在一起。一个实用ＣＡＰＰ／ＮＣ开发工具研制实践证明了本模型的可操作性     

实现CAPP／PPS集成的动态CAPP系统研究

根据并行工程的思想，对计算机辅助工艺过程设计（ＣＡＰＰ）和生产计划与调度（ＰＰＳ）系统的功能进行了分析，提出基于资源模型实现ＣＡＰＰ／ＰＰＳ功能集成的动态ＣＡＰＰ系统，研究资源模型在实现这一集成中的作用和相应的分布式工艺设计方法。此外，还对建立ＣＩＭＳ—ＥＲＣ制造系统资源模型进行初步探讨。     

动态产品模型支持下的并行 CAPP

阐述了并行ＣＡＰＰ的原理，详细描述了本文提出的并行ＣＡＰＰ的工作过程。它以新增特征为增量，依靠动态特征模型的扩展以及工艺规划模型的状态演化过程，形成一个循序渐进的ＣＡＰＰ过程。     

动态产品模型支持下的并于CAPP

阐述了并行ＣＡＰＰ的原理，详细描述了本文提出的并行ＣＡＰＰ的工作过程。它以新增特征为增量，依靠动态特征模型的扩展以及工艺规划模型的状态演化过程，形成一个循序渐进的ＣＡＰＰ过程。     

CAPP研究中的基本问题

ＣＡＰＰ研究中的基本问题侯鹏，苏锦，莫敌一、ＣＡＰＰ基本问题的概念众所周知，无论依据何种原理，计算机辅助工艺过程设计（ＣＡＰＰ）的基本过程都同样分为三个步骤：１．人工输入原始信息；２．计算机解算工艺课题；３．计算机输出结果、打印工艺文件。其中、第三步...     

计算机辅助装配工艺设计系统开发平台的研究

文章指出了在开发计算机辅助装配工艺设计（ＣＡＡＰＰ）工作中应该吸取机加工ＣＡＰＰ技术研究和应用工作中的经验教训,根据各类企业装配工艺设计要求,建立一个开放性的ＣＡＡＰＰ开发平台,提高装配工艺设计的规范化,合理化,大大减少各企业开发应用ＣＡＡＰＰ系统工作中的重复性劳动。企业可以此平台上进行二次开发,增强ＣＡＡＰＰ对各企业环境的适应性和实用性。通过对国内外ＣＡＡＰＰ的研究现状的简单分析,指出了国内外尚     

基本特征的CAD／CAPP系统集成的研究

本文在分析研究了ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ系统信息传递的基础上，开发了一个基于特征的ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ集成系统。该系统能在设计零件的同时，产生工艺设计所需的全部信息，进而自动生成零件的加工工艺。实现了ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ的集成。     

CAPP系统通用模型设计的新方法

通过对ＣＡＰＰ系统结构的研究，提出了基于规范化的制造资源信息建模，零件模型信息的正同离散与工艺设计基元信息的反向集中，基础数据与工艺设计决策控制分离的工艺设计新思路和ＣＡＰＰ系统开发新方法。     

面向CAPP／PPS集成的多工艺方案创成方法的研究

基于并行工程的理论,建立了ＣＡＰＰ与ＰＰＳ（ＰｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＰｌａｎｎｉｎｇ＆Ｓｃｈｅｄｕｌｉｎｇ）并行设计过程模型并讨论了工艺规划决策方法,为实现ＣＡＰＰ与ＰＰＳ的集成奠定了基础。ＣＡＰＰ生成多个可行工艺方案是ＣＡＰＰ与ＰＰＳ集成的需要,本文讨论了多工艺方案的表示方法,基于多工艺路线与／或图表示,提出了一种行之有效的生成多工艺路线的启发式方法并给出了应用实例。     

集成制造环境下的计算机辅助工艺设计框架工具系统

在分析了ＣＡＰＰ研究和应用现状的基础上,设计了一种实用化的ＣＡＰＰ框架工具系统。该系统提供了检索式工艺设计、派生式工艺设计和创成式工艺设计三种工艺设计工具,并融三种工具于一种集成环境中,实现了ＣＡＰＰ的系统信息模型、功能模型及决策逻辑的柔性化和可重配置,较好地解决了ＣＡＰＰ系统的实用性、适用性和通用性问题。     

Resource Portfolio Planning Methodology for Semiconductor Wafer Manufacturing

Resource portfolio planning is a frequent task in semiconductor wafer fabrication plants, as process, machine and product technologies evolve rapidly and the plants go through capacity expansion. As wafer fabrication plants are complex integrated factories with conspicuous queuing effects, portfolio planning must take into consideration machine use, factory throughput, and total flow-time simultaneously. This paper describes a resource portfolio planning methodology for wafer fabrication foundry plants. An improved static capacity model is first presented. A portfolio planning procedure based on static capacity estimation and queuing analysis is next described. This procedure enables the solution space of resource portfolios to be explored effectively and has demonstrated a capability superior to the current planning method in an industry case study. A software implementation of the procedure is also used to clarify planning dilemmas. It is shown that empirical formulae can be used to estimate the efficiency of batch machines. It is also used to show three types of portfolio adjustment action: flow-time reduction, cost reduction and effectiveness improvement.     

Selection of machining datum and allocation of tolerance through tolerance charting technique

Tolerance charting is an effective tool to determine the optimal allocation of working dimensions and working tolerances such that the blueprint dimensions and tolerances can be achieved to accomplish the cost objectives.The selection of machining datum and allocation of tolerances are critical in any machining process planning as they directly affect any setup methods/machine tools selection and machining time.This paper mainly focuses on the selection of optimum machining datums and machining tolerances simultaneously in process planning.A dynamic tolerance charting constraint scheme is developed and implemented in the optimization procedure.An optimization model is formulated for selecting machining datum and tolerances and implemented with an algorithm namely Elitist Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm(NSGA-II).The computational results indicate that the proposed methodology is capable and robust in finding the optimal machining datum set and tolerances.     

A decision logic schema of process planning using backward chaining reasoning

Decision logic of process planning is one of the most difficult issues in the research on computer-aided process planning (CAPP), and also a bottleneck hampering the process of pragmatization and commercialization of CAPP. A proper methodology for decision logic of process planning is essential for describing or specifying the various decisions associated with combinations of conditions in process planning. This paper presents a decision logic schema of process planning using backward chaining reasoning in mathematical logic to address process reasoning formalization in automated process planning, which is based on a meta-modeling paradigm of the manufacturing resources [19]. The meta-modeling paradigm combines mapping theory with the first- & second-order logic in mathematical logic to address modeling the manufacturing resources and to provide a methodology for the extraction of specific process knowledge. The meta-modeling paradigm lays the foundation for the proposed decision logic schema with specific process knowledge while the decision logic schema is the extension and application of the results from the meta-modeling paradigm. The decision logic schema provides a systematic methodology for the decision-making process and inference mechanism in process planning from the global viewpoint, which can be applied to eliminate the variability from the planners’ judgement and experience. Finally, an application example is used to illustrate the decision logic schema.     

质量功能配置在机器人质量控制系统中的研究与应用

以3P机器人设计为例,提出了基于质量功能配置的机器人产品质量控制策略.阐述了质量功能配置设计在机器人设计过程中的主要步骤,建立了产品规划、零部件配置及工艺规划和工序质量控制质量屋,通过对HOQ矩阵的分析,得出了所有技术参数的最优值.结果表明,质量功能配置能有效的控制产品开发的进度、质量和成本,能够为机器人产品的设计质量控制提供参考.     

基于订单资料分析的配送中心规划及应用

现代化的配送中心是由多个储区、多种储存和分拣方式、多种设备配置和作业方式构成的错综复杂的物流系统,对其进行科学合理的规划设计是建设高效率配送中心的关键。在对配送中心系统规划进行长期研究和实践的基础上,提出需求分析、能力规划和详细规划的三段式配送中心系统规划方法论、基于订单资料分析的能力规划模型和基于储运模式的设备配置模型;详细阐述配送中心的储运单元设计、总体规模与能力规划、储区与储运模式规划、工艺流程设计以及基于EIQ-PCB的储区能力规划等原理和方法。最后介绍该规划方法在医药配送中心系统规划中的应用。     

工艺规划决策模型与实例动态归纳

为解决工艺设计决策过程自动化实现问题，基于人工智能的机器学习理论和相似性理论，提出了基于3级工艺规划网络的工艺决策模型和推理策略，研究了基于工艺实例的归纳学习方法。与以往的归纳方法不同，在预选不确定分类个数和预先不完整的工艺实例集的情况下，通过工艺设计过程动态实现归纳和学习。研究了相交度的计算和归纳实现的具体方法，介绍了基于上述方法开发的工艺设计知识获取系统及其应用情况。     

Multi-objective optimization for turning processes using neural network modeling and dynamic-neighborhood particle swarm optimization

In this paper, we introduce a procedure to formulate and solve optimization problems for multiple and conflicting objectives that may exist in turning processes. Advanced turning processes, such as hard turning, demand the use of advanced tools with specially prepared cutting edges. It is also evident from a large number of experimental works that the tool geometry and selected machining parameters have complex relations with the tool life and the roughness and integrity of the finished surfaces. The non-linear relations between the machining parameters including tool geometry and the performance measure of interest can be obtained by neural networks using experimental data. The neural network models can be used in defining objective functions. In this study, dynamic-neighborhood particle swarm optimization (DN-PSO) methodology is used to handle multi-objective optimization problems existing in turning process planning. The objective is to obtain a group of optimal process parameters for each of three different case studies presented in this paper. The case studies considered in this study are: minimizing surface roughness values and maximizing the productivity, maximizing tool life and material removal rate, and minimizing machining induced stresses on the surface and minimizing surface roughness. The optimum cutting conditions for each case study can be selected from calculated Pareto-optimal fronts by the user according to production planning requirements. The results indicate that the proposed methodology which makes use of dynamic-neighborhood particle swarm approach for solving the multi-objective optimization problems with conflicting objectives is both effective and efficient, and can be utilized in solving complex turning optimization problems and adds intelligence in production planning process.     

The logical precedence network planning of projects, considering the finish-to-start (FS) relations, using neural networks

One of the important steps in the process of project planning is the designing of logical precedence network. As the procedure of the logical precedence network planning is case dependent and varies in different projects, it could be considered as an unstructured and complex problem which should be solved by implementing the implicit domain knowledge of the planner. In this paper, we have shown how the artificial neural networks could be implemented to plan the finish-to-start logical precedence network of projects. The implementation results depict that the proposed methodology could result reasonable, accurate, and reliable outcomes, which could be used as a primary solution, which can enrich the acquired knowledge, after the accomplishment of the project and its practical corrections.     

Exact Tool Sizing for Feature Accessibility

This paper presents an algorithm for calculating the volume of a 2D-profile, accessible by a given diameter of milling cutter. The method is independent of the generation of cutter tool paths, and exploits facilities commonly found in kernel modellers. Exact results are obtained despite the simplicity of the procedure. As a proof of the concept, the algorithms have been implemented in the Heriot-Watt University feature recogniser as a pre-processor for a part programming system. The aim of these algorithms is to assist and optimise the selection of multiple tools for the machining of complex components. The methodology has applications in process planning research where it is currently common to assume that a single tool will machine each feature. Although cutter selection is a critical step in planning the manufacture of components, computer-aided process planning (CAPP) systems rarely make any attempt to analyse the trade-offs involved. Perhaps this is because, traditionally, exact tool accessibility calculations have been viewed as a side effect of generating a cutter tool path. Consequently, accessibility calculations are not carried out explicitly but they appear implicitly in the results of a complex geometric algorithm (i.e. cutter path generation). Because this implicit checking of tool accessibility is carried out, downstream from the higher-level reasoning about set-up and sequencing, the results are generally available only after a detailed process plan has been generated.     

基于案例的推理在质量计划过程中的应用

在质量计划理论方法研究的基础上,提出了支持质量计划过程的基于案例的推理方法,研究了质量计划案例的知识表示方法和案例库的组织结构,并重点讨论了案例的检索方法和NN匹配算法。通过对质量计划过程的分析,构建了支持质量计划过程的基于案例的推理结构框架和过程框架。最后,通过应用实例说明了基于案例的推理应用于质量计划过程的具体方法和取得的效果。