B2O3-CaO、CaF2-CaO对LATS钢包渣的调质处理实验

为减少LATS合金化精炼浸渍罩粘渣,分别采用B2O3-CaO和CaF2-CaO作调质剂对钢包渣进行调质处理实验.调质后熔渣物性研究结果表明:两种调质剂都有效地降低了钢包渣的熔点和粘度.硫在渣-金属间分配平衡实验表明,调质后的钢包渣不会引起钢液回硫,而且可使钢中的硫含量进一步降低.     

INTERFACIAL TENSION BETWEEN SLAG AND COPPER MATTE

The interfacial tension between FeO-CaO-SiO_2-MgO system slag and Cu-Fe-S systemmatte was determinated by the X-ray radiograph sessile drop method.The effects ofFeO/SiO_2 ratio in the slag,contents of CaO,FeO,ZnO and CaF_2 in the slag on interracialtension and the relation of inter facial tension with the grade of matte and temperature havebeen studied.The floatation coefficient and film coefficient of slag-matte system has beencalculated and the mechanism of the transition of iron and oxygen from slag to matte has alsobeen discussed.     

BEHAVIOUR OF FLUORINE IN BLAST-FURNACE SMELTING Ⅳ. MECHANISM OF VOLATILIZATION OF FLUORINE AND ITS MOVEMENT IN A 11M~3 BLAST-FURNACE SMELTING PAO-TOU IRON ORE

本次对高炉内氟的变化的研究,系在石景山钢铁厂内11M~3高炉上进行,试验结果证实了前一文中关于1M~3实验高炉内氟变化情况的结论,即煤气中氟与石灰或石灰石间接近平衡,而与温度的分布有很大关系。本次度验取得炉料样品较多,因此对氟从矿石中和熔渣中的挥发机理有所阐明,而对氟在高炉内的变化获得了较为完整的概念。     

�����ս��ճ�����ۻ����Ե��о�

 以包钢含氟烧结矿中的硅酸盐粘结相为研究对象，考察了粘结相的熔化特性随粘结相组成的变化规律。通过试验探讨了不同碱度(w(CaO)/w(SiO2)以及MgO、CaF2和FeO含量粘结相的熔化特性。结果表明，碱度为118时，粘结相的熔化温度最低，熔化时间最短；添加197%MgO，粘结相的熔化温度最低，熔化时间最短；FeO和CaF2含量增加使粘结相的熔化温度降低，但熔化时间变长。     

B2O3—MgO—SiO2—Al2O3—CaO系渣组成对溶体物性的影响

用柱体旋转法测定了Ｂ_２Ｏ_３—ＭｇＯ—ＳｉＯ_２—Ａｌ２Ｏ_３—ＣａＯ系富硼镁渣的粘度及熔化性温度，用双柱联称法测定熔渣的密度及表面张力．实验结果表明：富硼镁渣的粘度及熔化性温度随渣中Ｂ_２Ｏ_３含量的增加而降低；当Ｂ_２Ｏ_３含量一定时，随渣中ＭｇＯ量及渣碱度的增加而增大．熔体的密度及表面张力随ＭｇＯ量增加或ＳｉＯ_２量减少而增大，分别为（２．５±０．５）ｔ·ｍ~（－３）和０．４－０．６Ｎ·ｍ~（－１）．     

CO还原CaO—SiO2—FetO三元渣系的研究

在1723K进行了CO还原CaO—SiO_2-Fe_(t)O三元渣系的研究根据CO_2红外分析仪测定的出口气体中的CO_2浓度变化,计算了炉渣的表观还原速度常数K_(a)结果表明,K_(a)随炉渣中Fe_1O量增加呈抛物线变化;当炉渣碱度R<1.0,Fe_(t)O为50％和R为1.5,Fe_(t)O为70％时,K_(a)分别出现最小值用炉渣规则溶液模型可计算1723K时的CaO-SiO_2-Fe_tO三元渣系的Fe_1O活度值a_(Fe_1O)。     

低硅烧结矿粘结相强度的影响因素

为了探明低硅烧结矿粘结相强度的影响因素,进行了微型烧结试验和矿物组成及显微结构的检测。研究结果表明,影响粘结相强度的主要因素是SFCA与赤铁矿含量之和、玻璃相含量和烧结矿结构,并得出粘结相强度最高的条件：最高烧结温度为1280℃、碱度为2．8、w（MgO）为1．0％、w（CaF2）为0．8％、w（SiO2）为4．4％及w（Al2O3）／w（SiO2）为0．15。     

保护渣对430不锈钢铸坯表面质量的影响

针对太钢(TISCO)430不锈钢连铸坯表面存在结疤、凹陷等质量问题,采用半球点熔点仪、黏度仪、扫描电镜等方法,系统研究了保护渣理化性能、连铸结晶器振动参数以及冷却强度对表面缺陷的影响。结果表明,保护渣黏度低、结晶性能弱是造成铸坯表面缺陷的主要原因。为此,通过优化保护渣的化学成分,将保护渣的黏度由0.20提高至0.33 Pa·s,改善了渣膜的均匀性;碱度由1.00提高至1.16,提高了保护渣控制传热的能力。从而消除了铸坯结疤、凹陷等缺陷,实现了铸坯无修磨。同时,受保护渣中氟含量和黏度的影响,浸入式水口的寿命明显提升,连浇炉数由10炉提高到12炉。     

CO还原CaO－SiO_2－Al_2O_3－Fe_tO渣系研究

研究了在１７２３Ｋ下ＣＯ还原ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－Ａ１_２Ｏ_３－Ｆｅ_ｔＯ渣系。根据ＣＯ_２红外分析仪测定的出口气体中ＣＯ_２浓度变化，计算了炉渣的表现还原速度常数Ｋ_ａ和还原速度常数Ｋ。结果表明，加入Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３，提高了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－Ｆｅ_ｔＯ的Ｋ_ａ和Ｋ值；炉渣碱度不变时，随着Ｆｅ_ｔＯ含量的增加，Ｋ_ａ呈增加趋势，但Ｋ则呈抛物线趋势变化；当ＦｅＯ的光学碱度∧_ＦｅＯ为１．０或０．８７时，Ｋ_ａ随该四元渣系光学碱度的增加而线性增加，而Ｋ则呈递减趋势。用炉渣规则溶液模型计算了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－Ｆｅ_ｔＯ四元渣系的Ｆｅ_ｔＯ活度ａ_Ｆｅ_ｔＯ。     

Niobium Extraction from Baotou Iron Ore Containing Niobium

The experimental results of niobium enrichment in laboratory and in blast furnace in Baotou Iron andSteel Corporation were reported.The effects of temperature,constituents of slag and silicon content in hotmetal on niobium recovery were studied and the results have been verified by blast furnace operation.Opticaland electronic microscopy and EPMA was observed that at the metal-slag interface there is NbC deposit layerobstructed Nb entering into the metal,By raising the temperature of hearth and agitating the bath,the reduc-tion of niobium oxide in slag could be speeded up,the solubility of Nb in hot metal could increase and thedeposited NbC layer became thinner and even disappeared,in result,Nb recovery was increased.A compre-hensive extraction process combining ore dressing with pyro-hydro-metallurgy was suggested for Baotouniobium resource which was difficult to be concentrated formerly.The methods of increasing niobium recoverywere also suggested.     

INFLUENCE OF MnO ON REDUCTION OF TiO_2 IN BLAST FURNACE TYPE SLAG

A study was carried out on the formation of Ti(C,N) during smelting vanadium-bearingtitanomagnetite in blast furnace and the influence of MnO content on reduction of TiO_2 inthe slag containing high titania. The reduction of TiO_2 is restricted by MnOpredominantly atthe slag-metal interface and no more at the slag-coke one. The formation of Ti(C,N) is remarkablyrestricted by MnO in the slag when the MnO content is about 4% and the basicityfrom 0.6 to 1.2 in the slag. MnO may also retards the reduction of SiO_2 and accelerates thedesulphidation under certain condition.     

BLAST FURNACE SMELTING WITH HIGH MgO SLAG

高炉在用18.5％MgO的炉渣进行冶炼时,炉子比较顺行,炉温比较稳定。但由于炉渣的脱破能力较弱,必须提高炉渣的总碱度((CaO+MgO)/SiO_2)。 本文着重地分析了高MgO渣冶炼时焦比升高的原因。理论计算证明将白云石直接装入高炉时由于带入炉中的CO_2量(每吨铁)增加了15％,导致了高炉的直接还元率以及因此的焦比的升高。应将白云石作为烧结原料。     

高炉型含钛炉渣中MnO对TiO_2还原的影响SCIEI

研究了高炉冶炼钒钛磁铁矿时Ti(C,N)的生成规律以及高钛渣中MnO对TiO_2的影响。结果表明,高钛渣中MnO对抑制TiO_2还原在渣-焦处作用不大,而主要在渣-铁处,渣中含MnO4％左右,碱度0.6—1.2能显著抑制Ti(C,N)的生成,(MnO)在一定条件下还能显著抑制(SiO_2)的还原,加速脱硫反应。     

精炼渣泡沫化的实验研究

在硅钼炉和感应炉中，对精炼炉熔渣CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-CaF2渣系的发泡性能进行了实验室研究，测试不同熔渣碱度、温度、发泡剂成分等对熔渣发泡效果的影响，并讨论了熔渣的表面张力和粘度等物性与熔渣泡沫化程度的关系。     

Recent advances in understanding physical properties of metallurgical slags

Present-day knowledge of the structure and physical properties of metallurgical slags is summarized to address structure-property and inter-property relationships. Physical properties of slags including viscosity, electrical conductivity, and surface tension is reviewed focusing on the effect of slag structure, which is comprehensively evaluated using FT-IT, Raman, and MAS-NMR spectroscopy. The effect of the slag composition on slag structure and property is reviewed in detail: Compositional effect encompasses traditional concepts of basicity, network-forming behaviors of anions, and secondary impact of network-modifying cations. Secondary objective of this review is elucidating the mutual relationship between physical properties of slags. For instance, the relationship between slag viscosity and electrical conductivity is suggested by Walden’s rule and discussed based on the experimental results. Slag foaming index is also introduced as a comprehensive understanding method of physical properties of slags. The dimensional analysis was made to address the effect of viscosity, density, and surface tension on the foaming index of slags.     

中等品位铝土矿强化石灰烧结机理及溶出试验研究

针对我国资源特点,本文提出不同干传统的石灰烧结法的强化石灰烧结法机理,采用铝硅比为3.84的矿石,按照钙铝比为1.2～1.6进行配矿,配料以生成铝酸-钙和钙铝黄长石为目的,在烧结温度1290℃和烧结时间90min条件下进行熟料烧成.实验结果表明,强化石灰烧结法烧姑熟料的溶出性能较好,烧结熟料氧化铝溶出率达到了82.8%.物相分析表明,熟料主要物相为铝酸一钙和钙铝黄长石,赤泥中的主要物相为钙铝黄长石.     

钢包顶渣改质对抑制旋涡卷渣的影响

钢包加盖能够显著提升钢包的保温效果,助力钢铁企业节能降耗。但钢包加盖条件下顶渣温度较高、流动性好,更易引起浇注末期旋涡卷渣,铸坯夹渣缺陷率升高。开展了顶渣改质抑制旋涡卷渣的工艺研究,以高碱度渣为研究对象,通过相图分析确定了炉渣改质增黏的基本思路,利用FactSage软件对多组改质渣系进行黏度计算。结果表明,添加石灰或轻烧白云石都有助于增大炉渣黏度,两者增黏效果相近,炉渣黏度测量试验也验证了上述结论。利用BaCO₃示踪法开展了顶渣改质的工业试验,结果表明,炉渣改质后钢中大尺寸夹杂物数量大大减少。顶渣改质新工艺在现场应用后,铸坯平均夹渣缺陷率由0.57%降低至0.42%。     

DESULFURIZATION OF CAST IRON BY ELECTROLYZING SLAG

<正> 一、前言 在铸造上应用土高炉生产的高硫生铁有着很多困难。首先是它能够促使铸铁铸态成为硬而脆的白口组织,不能加工和应用;其次它使铸铁铸造性能恶化,铸造废品率大大增加。为了解决土铁在铸造上应用的问题,通常采取二种办法: (一)利用高硫:当铸铁的S/Mn>1时,将铸态所得的白口胚件,经过短时间的退火,使自由渗碳体分解石墨化,而得到球状石墨的所谓球墨可锻铸铁; (二)去硫:使铸铁中含硫量降到0.10％左右,以符合一般铸铁含硫量的标准。 第一种方法应视为一种不得已的措施,因为它并没有能够彻底的解决问题。首先它并没有能解决高硫铸铁的铸造性能不良的问题;其次采用退火的办法增加了燃料、工时及     

A New Technique for Preparation of High-Grade Titanium Slag from Titanomagnetite Concentrate by Reduction–Melting–Magnetic Separation Processing

This paper proposes a new technique for preparation of high-grade titanium slag from Panzhihua vanadium titanomagnetite concentrate by reduction–melting–magnetic separation processing. Chemical analysis, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used to characterize the samples. The effective separation of iron and titanium slag could be realized by melting metallized pellets at 1550°C for 60 min with the addition of 1% CaO (basicity of 1.1) and 2% graphite powder. The small iron particles embedded in the slag could be removed by fine grinding and magnetic separation process. The grade of TiO₂ in the obtained high-grade titanium slag reached 60.68% and the total recovery of TiO₂ was 91.25%, which could be directly applied for producing titanium white by the sulfuric acid process. This technique provides an alternative method to use vanadium titanomagnetite concentrate of the Panzhihua area in China.     

玻璃渣性质对熔炼富集法回收废催化剂中钯的影响

利用热化学软件FactSage6.4计算了SiO₂-CaO-Al₂O₃渣系的等温相图,进而通过固定辅料MgO的含量为8%（质量分数,下同）并控制Al₂O₃含量低于35%,可以得到合理的玻璃渣系液相区温度和矿物学物相组成。采用旋转柱体法和模拟计算相结合的方法研究了温度、二元碱度w_CaO/w_SiO2和Al₂O₃含量对SiO₂-CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO熔渣黏度的影响。依据单因素实验结果可知,随温度逐渐升高、Al₂O₃含量由15%增加至35%以及二元碱度由0.3增加到1.0,熔渣粘度呈减小的变化趋势。通过以铁作为捕集剂的熔炼实验可知,钯的回收率随着废催化剂在物料体系中质量分数的增加而增大,但随着持续增大二元碱度和升高温度,其先增大而后减小。采用选取的Pd/Al₂O₃废催化剂和实验优化后的玻璃渣组分进行回收实验,即Al₂O₃和MgO含量分别约为30%和8%、二元碱度为0.5,钯的回收率可达99%,玻璃态尾渣中钯的残留量小于4.50 g/t。