硼酸三甲酯无“三废”合成工艺

以硼酸、甲醇为原料,用甲酰胺对产物进行萃取提纯,来合成硼酸三甲酯,并探索最佳工艺条件。结果利用气相色谱、色谱-质谱联用、红外光谱等分析表征手段,鉴定反应产物确实是硼酸三甲酯。并摸索最佳工艺条件为:n(硼酸)∶n(甲醇)=1∶3.5;回流时间为4h。此工艺实现了无"三废"的排放,有利于工业化的生产。     

硼酸三甲酯无“三废”合成工艺

以硼酸、甲醇为原料,用甲酰胺对产物进行萃取提纯,合成硼酸三甲酯,探索了最佳工艺条件。利用气相色谱、色谱-质谱联用、红外光谱等分析表征手段,鉴定反应产物,最佳工艺条件：n硼酸：n甲醇=1∶3.5;回流时间为4 h。此工艺无＂三废＂排放,有利于工业化生产。     

硼酸三甲酯反应及分离工艺研究进展

硼酸三甲酯是一种重要的有机硼酸酯,其用途广泛,是高能硼基燃料、硼烷、高级硼酸酯及高纯硼的基本原料,特别是硼氢化钠、硼氢化钾等硼氢酸盐的关键中间体,还可作为木材防腐剂、催化剂、焊接助溶剂等。文章对硼酸三甲酯的反应及分离工艺进行了综述、比较和总结。在以上方法中,由于硼酸比较便宜,且硼酸与甲醇酯化反应的产物较易分离。因此,硼酸与甲醇直接反应法是工业生产的主要方法。由于该工艺存在废水酸度高以及生产效率低等问题,不符合当今绿色化工的发展趋势。因此,开发绿色、高效硼酸三甲酯的生产技术显得尤为重要。     

二乙基甲氧基硼烷的工业合成

以溴乙烷和镁粉为原料制备格式试剂,与硼酸三甲酯发生亲核取代反应,经甲醇后处理得到二乙基甲氧基硼烷。通过多次中试实验,获得了各步反应的最佳工艺参数。     

硼酸酯型制动液的研制

合成了丁醇环氧丙烷聚醚和甲醇环氧丙烷聚醚两种聚醇醚 ,以及它们的硼酸酯 ;合成了二乙醇胺硼酸酯 ,并探索了反应的最佳条件 ,得到氨基醇硼酸酯的最佳合成工艺为 :n(二乙醇胺 )∶ n(硼酸 ) =3∶ 1,反应温度为 13 0℃ ,反应时间 3 h;通过IR分析对合成产物进行初步表征 ;制备出两种硼酸酯型制动液 ,对制动液的性能检测表明 ,其性能指标达到美国 DOT-4规格要求     

探讨硼酸三甲酯的合成及应用

介绍了硼酸三甲酯合成的三种方法:三氧化二硼-甲醇法、硫酸-甲醇-硼砂法和甲醇-硼酸法,重点研究了硼酸三甲酯提纯分离的方法。探讨了硼酸三甲酯的应用前景及下游产品的开发。     

月桂酸咪唑啉硼酸酯的合成

采用两步法合成月桂酸味唑啉硼酸酯.首先研究了月桂酸味唑噼中间体的合成.通过检测反应生成的水的量和对产物进行IR表征,确定了合成中间体的最佳工艺;然后利用这一中间体与硼酸反应,合成咪唑啉硼酸酯,用同样的研究方法考察了各因素对硼酸酯合成的影响,进而得出了硼酸酯合成的最佳工艺为:以甲苯为反应溶剂,采用分批加料的方式.咪唑啉中间体与硼酸的摩尔比大于1,反应滠度160℃,反应时间4h,反应在此条件下进行时,目标产物收率高,反应时间短.     

硼酸三甲酯的制备

硼酸三甲酯的制备方法有下述三种: (1)硼酸与甲醇按下式反应: H_3BO_3+4CH_3OH→[(CH_3O)_3B+CH_3OH]+3H_2O生成硼酸三甲酯与甲醇的共沸混合物。然后再分离出硼酸三甲酯。(2)三氧化二硼与甲醇按下式反应: B_2O_3+3CH_3OH→(CH_3O)_3B+H_3BO_3生成硼酸三甲酯。     

β-萘硼酸的合成与表征

以β-溴萘为原料,采用格氏试剂法合成了β-萘硼酸,并通过红外、核磁和液相色谱等分析手段对产物进行了表征和分析。考察了格氏试剂和β-萘硼酸合成反应条件,得出格氏试剂法制备β-萘硼酸的较佳条件为:格氏试剂反应时间为3h,反应温度为40℃,硼化试剂为硼酸三甲酯,原料配比n(β-溴萘)/n(硼酸三甲酯)为1/2,亲核取代温度为-20～-22℃,亲核取代时间为3h,反应收率可达80.7%。     

叔胺法制备亚磷酸三甲酯

瑞士和日本大规模生产亚磷酸三甲酯(以下简称三甲酯),大多采用叔胺法合成工艺。 1.三氯化磷与甲醇直接反应生成三甲酯和氯化氢,是大家所熟悉的。氯化氢与三甲酯接触会使它破坏并转变成亚磷酸二甲酯。因此如何阻止氯化氢的破坏,是合成三甲酯的关键。曾有人做过大量工作来改善这个反应。如在-20～-30℃的低温下进行三氯化磷与甲醇反应,以降低氯化氢的反应活性;三氯化磷先与苯酚类作用生成亚磷酸三苯酯、三甲     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.