以水溶液法制备氧化铟锡粉末的方法

一种以水溶液法制备氧化铟锡粉末的方法，其是利用水及适当添加剂，分别溶解锢化合物、锡化舍物于水中，而配制出二澄清的溶液，再加入适当添加剂，产生一定比例的金属氢氧化物，经过滤及水洗后，并加入适当添加剂予以解胶，使不同金属氢氧化物的特定成分发生水解、凝缩等反应，接着经干燥和煅烧，制成高品质的纳米级（nano meter、10—9）氧化铟锡粉末。本发明所述方法制备的氧化铟锡粉末具有更高的致密度。     

超细氢氧化铟的研制

本文简要介绍在有斯盘存在且pH为4．7的条件下，用尿素水解均匀沉淀法，获得的In(OH)3沉淀，比表面积9-15m2／g，粒度分布0．15—0．60μm，用于无汞碱性电池，效果满意。     

有机金属先驱体分解制备铟和氧化铟纳米颗粒

介绍了有机金属先驱体In(η5-C5H5)分解制备铟(In)和氧化铟(In2O3)纳米颗粒的实验方法,并利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察制备的In和In2O3纳米颗粒的微观结构.     

沉淀法制备纳米氧化铟粉末

为了开发适合工业化大规模生产超细且分散性好的In<,2>O<,3>粉体的方法,作者以金属铟、盐酸、氨水为原料,对化学沉淀法制备纳米氧化铟粉末的过程进行了研究.通过严格控制实验条件制备出了单相、分散性好、晶粒尺寸约为30nm,粒度分布范围窄的立方晶系纳米In<,2>O<,3>球形粉末.     

纳米氧化铟的制备研究

以金属硝酸盐作为氧化剂，有机物尿素为燃料的混合物经点火燃烧，制得疏松状的纳米粉末产品，并对产品进行形貌及粒度分析。     

塑料粉末粉碎机的研制

介绍了塑料粉末粉碎机的设计原理,性能及特点,分析了该设备的应用前景。     

塑料粉末粉碎机的研制

介绍了热塑性塑料粉末粉碎机的设计原理,并以粉碎低密度聚乙烯（ＬＤＰＥ）为例,分析了粉碎物凿度及成品粒度的分布情况,总结出塑料粉末粉碎机的主要工作性能及该粉碎机的特点,并对该粉碎机的应用前景进行了预测。     

氯化物粉末中铁的氯化物的处理

本发明介绍了从铁的氯化物（可以是直接氯化钛铁矿生成的副产物）生产氯气和铁的氧化物的方法,具体步骤包括：使氯化亚铁与氯气反应,转化成三氯化铁;从气相产物中分离出固相,使气相三氯化铁与氧气反应,将不反应的三氯化铁冷凝到氧化铁粒子上,从氧化铁粒子中分离气相产物,将氧化铁粒子循环回氧化或冷凝步骤。     

氧化钌复合氧化铟多孔立方体对三乙胺的敏感性能研究

采用水热法制备出立方体形貌的氧化铟纳米材料,然后通过在立方体氧化铟表面复合氧化钌,来改善氧化铟纳米材料的气敏性能。复合氧化钌后的RuO_2@In_2O_3纳米颗粒仍具备In_2O_3立方体规整的形貌,且分布仍保持原状,尺寸大小也没有发生变化;将所得样品制成气敏元件,气敏测试结果显示样品对三乙胺气体展现出较高的气敏响应,气敏元件最佳工作温度较原样相比有所降低(260°C),对三乙胺表现出良好的气敏响应特性,气敏元件的灵敏度高、稳定性好、响应-恢复时间短、选择性好。     

Preparation and optical properties of Sn- and Ga-doped indium oxide semiconductor nanoparticles

Indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles and gallium-doped indium tin oxide (GITO) nanoparticles with various molar ratios of dopants were prepared by a solution method in oleylamine. Characterization of crystal, morphology, and optical properties was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis), photoluminescent (PL), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). XRD patterns show that with increasing of Sn, the crystal structure of ITO nanoparticles varies gradually from standard cubic bixbyite In₂O₃ to amorphous and to standard tetragonal SnO₂, whereas the GITO nanoparticles retain the crystal structure of ITO. The smallest particle size is around 10 nm, and the morphology of the particles is nearly spherical. The smallest particles, though coated with oleylamine, tend to aggregate forming larger flower-like particles. Defect level emission at the present of dopants was observed in the PL spectra of the ITO and GITO nanoparticles.     

氧化铟纳米粉制备及表征研究

以无机盐为原料，采用液相沉淀法制备纳米氧化铟粉体。研究了沉淀反应条件及沉淀后处理等对纳米氧化铟粉体质量的影响，利用TG-DSC、FT-IR、XRD、SEM和EDS等分析手段对所制纳米氧化铟粉体的结构、粒度、形貌、成分等进行了表征。结果表明：该法制备的氧化铟纳米粉具有立方晶系结构、纯度较高、颗粒均匀呈球形、分散性良好、平均粒径为50nm左右。     

液相共沉淀法制备氧化铟锡超细粉体材料的研究进展

介绍了液相共沉淀法制备氧化锢超细锡粉体材料的工艺,分析了沉淀剂、反应物的浓度、煅烧的温度和时间、分散剂等四个因素对制备过程及产物的影响。按照三氧化铟和二氧化锡的质量比为9∶1选用铟盐和锡盐；用氨水、尿素或碳酸铵作沉淀剂,并且沉淀剂不同,反应时应控制的pH值和反应时间也不同；反应物In~(3+)的浓度0．2mol／L时可得到接近纳米级的超细氧化铟锡粉体材料；700～800℃煅烧3～5h,可使前驱物成为球状,其团聚现象也可以得到综合平衡；分散剂为硫酸铵、硅烷偶联剂KH570等,对其分散机理作了简要的分析。     

氧化铟的制备及制备条件对其结构与性质的影响

介绍了六种氧化铟的制备方法，其中以铟的气相沉积法和直流磁控溅射法制备氧化铟具有较大的优势，这两种方法工艺和技术也比较成熟。此外还介绍了制备条件对氧化铟的微观结构和性质的影响，以及根据对制备参数分析确定最佳制备条件，制备条件在氧化铟的制备过程中起着非常关键的作用。     

Photocatalytic properties of visible-light enabling layered titanium oxide/tin indium oxide films

Visible-light enabling titanium oxide/tin indium oxide (TiO₂/ITO) thin films deposited on unheated glass slides with prolonged deposition duration were investigated in this study. Structural properties characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed typical polycrystalline structure with primary anatase phase along with elongated pyramid-like grains lying on the film surface and densely packed columnar structure from cross-sectional profile. The XRD preferential peak of (2 1 1) and the Raman peak intensity at 640 cm⁻¹ dramatically increased without noticeable broadening and shift as the deposition time was prolonged beyond 2 h. This implies that more perfectly crystalline structure, less internal stress, and comparatively larger grains were obtained by this technique. The Ti2p_3/2 and O1s XPS peaks shifted toward higher binding energy suggest that the local chemical state was influenced by the prolonged deposition duration in the film, which resulted in red shift of absorption threshold into visible-light region. Under ultra-violet (UV) and visible-light illumination, the visible-light enabling film exhibited the best photocatalytic activity on MB degradation with the rate-constant of about 0.231 h⁻¹. Hydrophilic conversion rate was estimated to be 8.14 × 10⁻³ deg⁻¹ min⁻¹ and long-term UV-induced hydrophilicity of 10° in the dark storage up to 72 h was observed. In addition to its inherent characteristics of the layered TiO₂/ITO structure on hole/electron separation, all these could be attributed to more perfectly formed crystalline structure, densely packed columnar crystals and the surface roughness along with its enlarged surface area.     

采用磁控溅射法在细菌纤维素膜上制备高性能的铟锡氧化物薄膜

Microbial cellulose (MC) membranes produced by Acetobacter xylinum NUST4.1,were used as flexible substrates for the fabrication of transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes.Transparent and conductive ITO thin films were deposited on MC membrane at room temperature using radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering.The optimum ITO deposition conditions were achieved by examining crystalline structure,surface morphology and op-toelectrical characteristics with X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),atomic force mi-croscopy (AFM),and UV spectroscopy.The sheet resistance of the samples was measured with a four-point probe and the resistivity of the film was calculated.The results reveal that the preferred orientation of the deposited ITO crystals is strongly dependent upon with oxygen content (O2/Ar,volume ratio) in the sputtering chamber.And the ITO crystalline structure directly determines the conductivity of ITO-deposited films.High conductive [sheet resis-tance ～120 Ω·square-1 (Ω·sq-1)] and transparent (above 76%) ITO thin films (240 nm thick) were obtained with a moderate sputtering power (about 60 W) and with an oxygen flow rate of 0.25 ml·min-1 (sccm) during the deposi-tion.These results show that the ITO-MC electrodes can find their potential application in optoelectrical devices.     

Spray-combustion synthesis of indium tin oxide nanopowder

Nanocrystalline indium tin oxide (ITO) powders were prepared by a novel spray combustion method. Using single-drop study equipment, we studied the thermodynamics of the combustion reaction. The reaction can be ignited at air temperature as lower as 171.3°C when using urea and glucose as composite fuel. Once the reaction is ignited, the combustion temperature can surge to above 500°C, generating nanocrystalline ITO powders with grain size about 40 nm. Footages from high-speed camera demonstrated that the reaction is in three-step: moderate beginning, violent middle, and decaying end. It is also noticed that the ignition is very sensitive to the air temperature, even 0.2°C minus deviation may fail the combustion. The combustion reaction is self-sustainable, which saves the energy supply. And the low ignition temperature means the combustion reaction can be carried out in a conventional spray dryer. Our results provide a feasible way to mass production of nanocrystalline ITO powders, which as a methodology, may be extended to the production of other oxide nanopowders.     

Synthesis of polypyrrole/indium tin oxide nanocomposites via miniemulsion polymerization

Polypyrrole/indium tin oxide nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ miniemulsion polymerization of pyrrole monomer in the presence of indium tin oxide nanoparticles. Different nanocomposites were synthesized by different loadings of nano indium tin oxide. The morphology and nanoparticles distribution of the nanocomposites were characterized by electron microscopy. The results of XRD and TEM analysis showed that indium tin oxide nanoparticles were well placed in the polymeric structure of latex. FTIR analysis was used for the characterization of synthesized polypyrrole and its nanocomposites. TGA analysis was performed to investigate the thermal behavior of pristine polypyrrole and its nanocomposites. Conductivities of nanocomposites were measured by 4-point probe method and compared to the neat polymer.     

Novel seed-assisted synthesis of indium tin oxide submicro-cubes and their resistivity

Indium tin oxide films, an important n-type semiconductor oxide, show great prospects in optoelectronic device applications. Consequently, as a key raw material of targets for sputtering films, it is important to prepare low-resistivity indium tin oxide powders. Herein, low-resistivity indium tin oxide submicro-cubes are synthesized by a seed-assisted coprecipitation method. The effects of seed content, In³⁺ concentration, aging time, reaction temperature and calcination temperature on resistivity were investigated by single factor and orthogonal experiments. To ensure reliability and reproducibility of data, each experiment was repeated three times and resistivity of each sample was measured three times to obtain average value. The results indicated that optimal sample was matched with cubic phase In₂O₃. The single-crystal indium tin oxide particles exhibited a regular cubic shape with a size of nearly 500 nm and low resistivity of 0.814 Ω·cm. Compared with particles prepared by the conventional coprecipitation method, indium tin oxide submicro-cubes showed good dispersion. The presence of seed particles provided nucleation sites with lower energy barriers and promoted formation of submicro-cubes. The face-to-face contact among particles and good dispersion contributed to electron transfer, resulting in lower resistivity. The seed-assisted synthesis provides a novel way to prepare low-resistivity indium tin oxide submicro-cubes.     

Preparation and characterization of nanosized nickel oxide

Nanosized nickel oxide was synthesized by a simple liquid-phase process to obtain the hydroxide precursor and then calcined to form the oxide. The precursor and the nickel oxide were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermal analysis (TG) and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). The results indicated that the particle size of nickel oxide was controlled by the calcined temperature (T_C). Mixed phases of nickel oxide and nickel hydroxide were present as the T_C was lower than 300 °C. Non-stoichiometric nickel oxide (NiO_x, x = 1.2) was formed between 250 °C and 400 °C and a pure nickel oxide was formed as the T_C arrived 500 °C. The particle size of nickel oxide changed as the calcined temperature was controlled under 250 °C, 300 °C, 400 °C and 500 °C, the order was 5.6 nm, 6.5 nm, 11 nm and 17 nm, respectively.