A second order sliding mode control design of a switched reluctance motor using super twisting algorithm

A novel robust technique for speed control application of variable reluctance motor is proposed. The suggested scheme is model based and uses a mathematical model of an SR motor, and Second Order Sliding Mode Control (SOSMC) with super-twisting algorithm. Sliding mode controllers for SR motor were reported before but super twisting SOSMC have an added advantage of reduced chattering which is one of the main focuses of this work. The proposed controller gives fast dynamic response with no overshoot and nearly zero steady state error. The effectiveness of the proposed controller and its robustness to parameter variations is also confirmed by simulation results.     

Second-order Sliding Mode Approaches for the Control of a Class of Underactuated Systems

In this paper, first-order and second-order sliding mode controllers for underactuated manipulators are proposed. Sliding mode control(SMC) is considered as an effective tool in different studies for control systems. However, the associated chattering phenomenon degrades the system performance. To overcome this phenomenon and track a desired trajectory, a twisting, a supertwisting and a modified super-twisting algorithms are presented respectively. The stability analysis is performed using a Lyapunov function for the proposed controllers. Further, the four different controllers are compared with each other. As an illustration, an example of an inverted pendulum is considered. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.     

基于分数阶滑模控制技术的永磁同步电机控制

针对传统整数阶滑模控制系统中存在的抖震问题,本文提出了分数阶滑模控制策略并应用到永磁同步电机的速度控制.传统滑模控制器中的开关函数由作用在切换流型或其整数阶导数面推广到其分数阶导数面,利用分数阶系统的特性,缓慢地传递系统的能量,有效地削减抖震.本文采用模糊逻辑推理算法,实现软开关切换增益的自整定.仿真和实验证明,本文提出的分数阶滑模控制系统不但能有效地削减抖震,而且能保持滑模控制器对系统参数变化和外部扰动的鲁棒性.     

永磁同步电机的自适应反演滑模变结构控制

针对永磁同步电机提出一种基于反演的PMSM自适应滑模控制方案.设计基于反演的滑模变结构位置控制器,通过RBF神经网络实现系统参数变化和外部负载扰动等引起的不确定上界值的在线辨识,减小滑模控制器的控制量,并引入饱和函数来减弱系统的"抖动"现象.理论分析和仿真结果对比表明,基于RBF神经网络的自适应反演滑模控制对参数变化和外部负载扰动具有很好的鲁棒性,永磁同步电动机获得了很好的跟踪效果.     

基于神经网络的PMSM自适应滑模控制

结合滑模控制和神经网络各自的优点,对永磁同步电机(PMSM)提出了一种基于神经网络的PMSM自适应滑模控制方案.首先设计了带积分操作的滑模变结构位置控制器,通过递归神经网络的在线学习来实时估计系统参数变化和外部负载扰动等不确定性的界限,减小滑模控制器的控制量.进而,在滑模控制器中又引入饱和函数取代符号函数,进一步减弱"抖振"现象.理论分析和实验仿真对比研究的结果表明所提出方法具有优越的动态性能和鲁棒性.     

二阶滑模控制在直流无刷电机转速调节中的应用

针对受参数不确定和负载扰动影响的直流无刷电机的鲁棒速度控制问题,采用二阶滑模控制中的超螺旋算法设计速度控制器。控制器将不连续控制作用在滑模量的二阶微分上,不但保持了传统一阶滑模的性能,而且消弱了系统抖振。仿真结果表明,算法对负载和参数的变化具有很强的鲁棒性,有效地消弱了传统滑模的抖振现象。     

悬臂式掘进机器人截割臂建模与二阶滑模控制器设计

根据悬臂式掘进机器人截割工艺和结构特点,建立了截割臂动力学模型.将一种基于有限状态结构的二阶滑模控制扩展到多输入多输出系统中,在无速度观测器的情况下,保证了滑模量及其导数在有限时间收敛到零.算法消弱了传统滑模控制中的抖动问题,提高了控制系统精度.利用提出的多输入多输出二阶滑模控制算法,设计了截割臂控制器.通过仿真和实验,证明了算法的有效性.     

基于模糊干扰观测器的自适应二阶动态滑模控制

针对一类存在不确定性和外干扰的非线性系统滑模控制的抖振问题,本文首先证明了以高斯函数为隶属度函数的模糊基向量对状态向量的偏导在任意情况下有界,解决了模糊辨识同二阶动态滑模结合的关键问题.然后设计了二阶动态Terminal滑模,有效克服了滑模抖振,且能保证滑模面上的滑动在有限时间内收敛.再基于模糊干扰观测器的输出设计自适应鲁棒补偿项.基于李雅普诺夫理论证明了系统稳定性.最后将本文提出的控制方案用于近空间飞行器姿态角跟踪仿真,并分析了高阶动态滑模收敛时间增加的问题.结果表明本文提出的控制方案跟踪速度快、精度高,且有效去除了抖振.与常规Terminal滑模相比,二阶动态Terminal滑模增加的收敛时间非常有限,适于工程应用.     

Second order sliding mode control with MARS speed estimation of linear induction motors considering unknown longitudinal end effects

This paper presents a novel sensorless second order sliding mode control (SOSMC) scheme for linear induction motor (LIM), considering the longitudinal end effects. An adaptive super twisting controller (ASTC) is developed to eliminate the influence of the unknown bounded longitudinal end effects in mechanical loop scheme. Two super twisting controllers (STCs) are applied in electric loop schemes to overcome the high nonlinearity and reduce chattering. Moreover, a Model Adaptive Reference System (MARS) is designed to estimate LIM speed and the secondary flux. Finally, the proposed MARS based SOSMC scheme is validated with the Hardware‐in‐the‐loop (HIL) experiment test system.     

不平衡电网电压下MMC-UPQC的无源超螺旋二阶滑模控制策略

基于模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的统一电能质量调节器(unified power quality conditioner,UPQC)在电网电压不平衡时,采用传统控制方法存在补偿效率和精确性较低的问题.针对这一情况,提出一种无源超螺旋二阶滑模控制策略.首先,基于MMC-UPQC的数学模型和无源控制理论,设计不平衡电网电压下基于欧拉-拉格朗日模型的正负序无源控制器;然后,加入超螺旋二阶滑模控制对无源控制器进行改善,抑制常规滑模存在的抖振,并解决无源控制对系统精度要求高的问题,提高系统的响应速度、补偿精度和抗干扰能力,提升系统的整体性能;最后,在Matlab/Simulink平台上进行仿真,并与PI控制和单独的无源控制对比,仿真结果验证了所提无源超螺旋二阶滑模控制策略的有效性和优越性.     

基于改进型滑模观测器的永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制

永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制技术通常使用滑模观测器观测反电动势,进而获取转子位置和速度信息.为提升滑模观测器的性能,本文设计了一种改进型自适应超螺旋滑模观测器.首先,文章在超螺旋滑模观测器结构中增加观测误差的线性项,以提高观测器的动态性能.接着,为解决观测器增益在不同速域下参数不匹配的问题,本文提出一种观测器参数自适应调整策略,提升了观测器参数鲁棒性.在此基础上,采用同步参考系滤波器滤除输出信号的高次谐波,进一步提高观测精度.最后,仿真结果表明,与传统方法相比,本文提出的方法观测性能更好,鲁棒性更强.     

带参数辨识的自适应二阶滑模观测器PMSM无传感器矢量控制

针对表贴式永磁同步电机无位置传感器矢量控制系统, 提出一种具有电机参数在线辨识的基于Super-twisting algorithm的自适应二阶滑模观测器.在两相静止坐标系下,将模型参考自适应方法与基于Super-twisting algorithm的二阶滑模方法相结合,实现反电动势的准确估计.采用李亚普诺夫理论证明观测器的稳定性,并由李亚普诺夫稳定性方程推导定子电阻和转子转速的自适应律.在同步旋转坐标系下,采用二阶滑模观测器估计永磁磁链,并将其输入位置跟踪观测器估计转子位置.该算法充分抑制了滑模抖振,同时避免了低通滤波和相位补偿环节的使用,转子位置检测不受定子电阻和永磁磁链变化的影响,具有较强的鲁棒性.仿真结果验证了所提出算法的有效性.     

Chattering free full-order sliding-mode control

In conventional sliding-mode control systems, the sliding-mode motion is of reduced order. Two main problems hindering the application of the sliding-mode control are the singularity in terminal sliding-mode control systems and the chattering in both the conventional linear sliding-mode and the terminal sliding-mode control systems. This paper proposes a chattering-free full-order terminal-sliding-mode control scheme. Since the derivatives of terms with fractional powers do not appear in the control law, the control singularities are avoided. A continuous control strategy is developed to achieve the chattering free sliding-mode control. During the ideal sliding-mode motion, the systems behave as a desirable full-order dynamics rather than a desirable reduced-order dynamics. A systematic design method of full-order sliding-mode control for nonlinear systems is presented, which allows both the chattering and singularity problems to be resolved. Simulations validate the proposed chattering free full-order sliding-mode control.     

Global sliding mode with fractional operators and application to control robot manipulators

In this paper, a novel fractional-order global sliding-mode control scheme is presented. It is first used to stabilise a coupled second-order nonlinear system, and then it is generalised to control a class of multi-input and multi-output nonlinear systems with the model uncertainties and external disturbances. The proposed sliding manifold, which will converge to the origin in finite time by utilising a classical quadratic Lyapunov function, ensures global stabilisation of the system and the reduction of the chattering phenomenon during the control processes. Based on input-to-state stability and Lyapunov's stability theorem, the closed-loop system can be globally uniformly asymptotically stabilised to the origin in the future time. Some results about the control and stabilisation of integer-order nonlinear systems, when the fractional-order sliding-mode controller is used, are illustrated in this paper. Finally, an application to two-degree of freedom polar robot manipulator is provided to show the validity and feasibility of the proposed method.     

Multi-Input Second-Order Sliding-Mode Hybrid Control of Constrained Manipulators

This paper deals withthe hybrid position/force control of constrainedmanipulators subjected to uncertainties. A solution is proposedthat is based on sliding-mode control theory, which proved tobe highly effective in counteracting uncertainties for some classesof nonlinear systems. Specific problems involved in this techniqueare chattering elimination and the algebraic coupling betweenconstraint forces and possibly discontinuous control signals.Both the problems are addressed in this paper by exploiting therobustness properties of a second-order sliding-mode controlalgorithm. This algorithm, recently proposed by the authors forsolving the single-input hybrid control problem, is generalizedin this paper to deal with the class of multi-input differentialalgebraic systems describing the behaviour of constrained mechanicalsystems.     

A state-dependent boundary layer design for sliding mode control

The use of a boundary layer in sliding-mode control has been a common technique to reduce chattering of the control signal. However, different choices of the boundary layer width lead to conflicting effects: a large/small boundary layer width can more/less effectively alleviate the chattering phenomenon, but leads to less/more accurate control results. This note proposes online adjusting the width of the boundary layer based on the state norm for an uncertain linear system. The proposed state-dependent boundary layer design can effectively eliminate chattering while at the same time ensuring almost perfect control accuracy.     

一种基于自适应2阶终端滑模控制算法的理论和实验研究

针对一类非线性多变量被控对象的控制问题,设计了一种基于自适应2阶终端滑模的自主控制方法．与传统滑模控制方法相比,该控制方案保留了其结构简单、鲁棒性强的优点,并有效削弱了传统滑模控制引发的抖振问题．利用基于李亚普诺夫的分析方法进行闭环系统的稳定性分析,确保了闭环系统的稳定性以及控制误差有限时间收敛．通过在3自由度控制实验平台上进行姿态镇定和跟踪实验,表明本文所提出的控制方法具有良好的姿态控制效果.     

Observation and identification of mechanical systems via second order sliding modes

A second-order sliding-mode observer based on the modified super-twisting algorithm providing finite time exact observation is applied for system identification. The value of the equivalent output injection is used to identify perturbations directly. Continuous time versions of least square and forgetting factor methods are proposed to identify unknown time-invariant parameters respectively.     

Output-feedback control of an underwater vehicle prototype by higher-order sliding modes

This paper describes some experimental results concerning the practical implementation of a recently proposed nonlinear output-feedback control technique based on the higher-order sliding mode approach. The considered technique is applied to the motion control problem for an underwater vehicle prototype that is equipped with a special propulsion system based on hydro-jets with variable-section nozzles. To cope with the heavy uncertainties affecting the prototype dynamics the output-feedback control system has been developed by means of an observer-controller that combines a second-order sliding-mode controller and a second-order sliding-mode differentiator. The reported experiments show that the proposed approach is capable of guaranteeing fast and accurate response under several operating conditions. The control system design procedure, and the main implementation issues, are discussed in detail.     

EP-based kinematic control and adaptive fuzzy sliding-mode dynamic control for wheeled mobile robots

This paper proposes a complete control law comprising an evolutionary programming based kinematic control (EPKC) and an adaptive fuzzy sliding-mode dynamic control (AFSMDC) for the trajectory-tracking control of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots (WMRs). The control gains for kinematic control (KC) are trained by evolutionary programming (EP). The proposed AFSMDC not only eliminates the chattering phenomenon in the sliding-mode control, but also copes with the system uncertainties and external disturbances. Additionally, the convergence of trajectory-tracking errors is proved by the Lyapunov stability theory. Computer simulations are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed complete control law. Finally, real-time experiments are done in the test field to demonstrate the feasibility of real WMR maneuvers.