1992年度美国国立癌症研究所生物治疗研究计划

美国NCI1992年度肿瘤治疗的计划中生物治疗内容的比例大幅度增加,充分反映出当今世界肿瘤生物治疗的新动态。     

中美肺癌防控科研布局对比研究——以中国国家自然科学基金委员会和美国国家癌症研究所为例

摘 要：［目的］对比中国国家自然科学基金委员会（NSFC）和美国国家癌症研究所（NCI）近10年肺癌防控科研布局,为我国的肺癌防控策略、科研投入布局以及政策制定提供数据参考。［方法］检索NCI和NSFC 2010—2019年直接针对肺癌开展研究的项目,对其总体情况、资助结构、重点支持领域、机构与地区分布及与两国肺癌基本负担的关系进行对比分析。［结果］2010—2019年NSFC和NCI资助项目和资助金额持续增加,NSFC重大项目资助占比相对偏低,地区及机构分布均较为集中;而NCI在原创探索和技术转移类项目进行特色布局。两国针对肺癌研究与其疾病负担并无显著相关性。［结论］应借鉴NCI在肺癌防控领域的布局经验,结合我国疾病负担和实际情况,加大基础研究投入,强化源头创新;推动科研成果转化,深化国际合作,从而进一步优化我国肺癌防控研究策略,助力肺癌防控。     

1992年度美国国立癌症研究所肿瘤免疫学研究计划

美国国立癌症研究所(NCI)1992年度“肿瘤免疫学”研究内容十分广泛,在抗肿瘤免疫系统的细胞异质性、肿瘤细胞的免疫识别、肿瘤免疫的负调节因素、转基因动物、肿瘤动物模型等方面进行了详细的计划,以便为肿瘤免疫治疗提供更为直接的根据,并奠定基础。     

美国癌症研究所关于癌症康复患者的建议

关于减少癌症风险的建议 1．保持体重在正常范围内（BMI：18．5～23．9）; 2．每日至少活动30分钟;     

美国国家癌症综合治疗联盟(NCCN)介绍

美国National Comprehensive Cancer Network（NCCN）是由21个世界上最有领导地位的癌症治疗中心组成的非盈利组织。其目的是为了给癌症患者提供有效的治疗并改善其生活质量。作为高质量癌症治疗方法的仲裁者，NCCN认识到持续有效进步的重要性以及创建一个适用于患者、临床医师和其他健康治疗相关人员的癌症治疗实践指南的重要意义。     

美国国家癌症综合网非霍奇金淋巴瘤治疗指南2008年第二版介绍

美国国家癌症综合网(National Comprehensive Cancer Network,NCCN)制定的非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,NHL)治疗指南2008年第二版已经发表,该指南仍然以世界卫生组织(WHO)2001年版的造血和淋巴组织肿瘤分类标准为依据,制定了欧美国家最常见的几种NHL的治疗指南.     

伦敦癌症研究所

伦敦癌症研究所（Institute of Cancer Research）是伦敦大学下属的一个学院，是皇家Marsden NHS（National Health Service）信托基金会的长期合作伙伴。其同时也是欧洲最大的癌症研究中心，是世界顶级研究中心之一。伦敦癌症研究所有大约1050名研究人员和研究生。其卓越成就之一就是发现了BRCA2基因和乳腺癌的关系。     

美国癌症联合委员会(AJCC)介绍

American Joint Committeeon Cancer（AJCC），成立于1959年1月9日。组织这一机构的源动力来自人们期望为美国医学行业建立一个可被广泛接受的癌症临床分期系统，帮助医务人员选择最有效的治疗，评价预后并评估控制肿瘤的方法。A3CC的创建和发起组织是美国外科医师学会、美国放射医师学会、美国病理医师学会、美国内科医师学会、     

美国国立癌症研究所从事免疫生物治疗研究的实验室简介

美国国立癌症研究所是全世界最大的肿瘤研究专门机构，在美国国立卫生研究院的１６个研究所占举足轻重的地位。ＮＣＩ从事免疫与生物治疗研究的机构约占其１．４。本文简要报告了这些专门从事肿瘤免疫与生物治疗实验室的基本构思与主攻方向。     

2014年美国癌症治疗现状报告

<正>美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)于2014年3月13日首次发布《2014美国癌症诊疗现状报告》,该报告首次全面分析了肿瘤患者若想获得治疗可能面临的"危机"、考察了肿瘤医师如何努力适应日益增长的治疗需求和医疗保健提供系统的变化,以及如何面对经济压力维持小诊所的生存。这份报告同时建议通过提高治疗质量减缓可预期的开支增长等一些     

National Cancer Institute Prostate Cancer Genetics Workshop

Compelling evidence supports a genetic component to prostate cancer susceptibility and aggressiveness. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified more than 30 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with prostate cancer susceptibility. It remains unclear, however, whether such genetic variants are associated with disease aggressiveness--one of the most important questions in prostate cancer research today. To help clarify this and substantially expand research in the genetic determinants of prostate cancer aggressiveness, the first National Cancer Institute Prostate Cancer Genetics Workshop assembled researchers to develop plans for a large new research consortium and patient cohort. The workshop reviewed the prior work in this area and addressed the practical issues in planning future studies. With new DNA sequencing technology, the potential application of sequencing information to patient care is emerging. The workshop, therefore, included state-of-the-art presentations by experts on new genotyping technologies, including sequencing and associated bioinformatics issues, which are just beginning to be applied to cancer genetics.     

National Cancer Institute intramural approach to advanced prostate cancer

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is the most common cancer diagnosed in men in the United States, with approximately 189,000 new cases estimated to be diagnosed in 2002. It is believed that men with this disease pass through a series of clinical states. In the intramural program of the National Cancer Institute, we have designed clinical trials that have addressed each disease state. In addition to clinical endpoints, each trial also encompasses molecular or immunologic endpoints in an attempt to determine if our therapy is acting on its presumed target. In patients with localized disease, we are evaluating cancer vaccines in combination with radiation therapy as well as comparing this vaccine against second-line hormonal therapy in patients with rising serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) but no radiographically measurable disease. We are also evaluating the ability of the antiangiogenesis agent thalidomide to prolong the rest period in patients with a biochemical recurrence (stage D0) that are receiving intermittent hormonal therapy. In patients with metastatic prostate cancer, we are evaluating the addition of the bisphosphonate alendronate when added to ketoconazole for impact on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 as well as traditional clinical endpoints. In addition, we have 3 ongoing trials involving the chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel. One trial is examining the combination of thalidomide with docetaxel. The other 2 trials are exploring the PSA vaccine with docetaxel and the combination of docetaxel with ketoconazole. As we obtain information from these ongoing studies, we will be able to take this information and integrate it in the development of newer and more successful treatment regimens as well as look for novel agents that may help in the fight against this disease.