节能B2型电感镇流器

简述了欧盟CELMA对荧光灯用镇流器系统规定了能效标准分类。对其中的B2型电感镇流器,湛江通用电器公司已制成并成功出口。本文对其性能以及它和电子镇流器的性能作了说明和比较。     

220V／250W恒功率高压钠灯电子镇流器的研究

根据高压钠灯的工作特性及电子镇流器的技术要求,研制成功基于L6574集成芯片的220V/250W恒功率高压钠灯高频电子镇流器。实验表明该电子镇流器工作稳定,无声谐振现象,输入电流谐波、灯电流波峰因数等均符合相关标准。本文分析了其高压点火电路,功率因数校正(PFC)电路,逆变及控制电路,此方案具有性能稳定、高功率因数、恒功率输出特性。     

Characteristics of Various F40 Fluorescent Systems at 60 Hz and High Frequency

Recent improvements in both lamp and ballast technologies have resulted in substantial performance gains for fluorescent lighting systems. High-frequency electronic ballasts as well as high-efficiency 60-Hz electromagnetic ballasts have been designed to provide both better starting and operating conditions for the lamps under their control. At the same time, smaller diameter lamps and more efficient lamp phosphors have been developed to improve system performance further. How these improvements can be utilized in practical lighting systems is reviewed. Comparison characteristics, luminaire performance information, and application data are discussed.     

一种数字化单级电子镇流器的研究与设计

由于传统的双级电子镇流器线路较为复杂,成本也高,在推广使用中受到了一定的限制。设计一种体积小,成本低,高效节能的电子镇流器是目前"绿色照明"技术的一个发展方向。在系统分析了传统双级电子镇流器结构特性的基础上,提出一种数字化单级电子镇流器方案,采用单级方式同时控制镇流器输入功率因数校正和逆变输出。这样在保证可靠性和稳定性的前提下,可以降低镇流器的成本,同时为实现数字化照明控制奠定了基础。     

低频方波金卤灯电子镇流器及其控制策略研究

该文提出了一种两级低频方波输出的高性能电子镇流器，作为MH灯工作电源。PFC级用于功率因数校正，DC／AC级结合了BUCKDC／DC变换器和全桥DC／AC逆变器的特点，负载侧输出为低频方波，可有效克服MH灯声共振现象。采用分段控制方法实现镇流器与灯特性的配合，给出了其相应的控制策略。详细分析了它的工作原理和控制方法，给出了主要参数的计算方法。与传统三级低频方波电子镇流器相比，结构简单、所用器件少、可靠性高。电路仿真和实验结果验证了该方案是可行的。     

The Application of Reduced-Wattage Fluorescent Lamps and High-Efficiency Ballasts to General Lighting Systems

The introduction of new energy-saving lamps and ballasts for fluorescent lighting has focused attention on the electrical and performance characteristics of the lamp/ballast/luminaire system. To obtain optimum efficiency the lighting designer must now consider not only catalog and nameplate ratings, but also hard-to-obtain thermal and field factors which can substantially affect energy input and light output values. A discussion of these factors is presented along with practical design information for a number of lamp/ballast combinations are used in a variety of standard luminaires. Also included is the expected impact on system energy use and economics.     

Single-Stage Single-Switch High-Power-Factor Electronic Ballast for Fluorescent Lamps

This paper presents an efficient, small-sized, and cost-effective single-switch power-factor-correction (PFC) scheme for high-frequency electronic ballasts. The circuit topology originates from the integration of a buck-boost PFC converter and class-E electronic ballast. Only one active power switch is commonly used by both power stages to save the cost of active switches and control circuits. The active switch is controlled by pulsewidth modulation at a fixed switching frequency and constant duty cycle. The electronic ballast can achieve nearly unity power factor by operating the buck-boost converter at discontinuous conduction mode. With carefully designed circuit parameters, the active power switch can be operated at zero-voltage switching, leading to high circuit efficiency. A prototype circuit designed for a PL-27-W compact fluorescent lamp is built and tested to verify the theoretical predictions. Satisfactory performance is obtained from the experimental results.     

A practical comparison among high-power-factor electronic ballasts with similar ideas

This paper provides a comparative analysis among four electronic ballast topologies with high power factor, employing the same switch for inverter and power factor correction stage. The analyses done are based on experimental results. A commercial electromagnetic ballast (EMB) is tested to provide a comparison with implemented electronic ballasts. The features of each topology are shown through the discussion of their advantages and disadvantages. The electronic ballasts are made for two 40-W fluorescent lamps at 50-kHz switching frequency and for a 110-V/sub rms/ 60-Hz utility line.     

Compatibility testing of fluorescent lamp and ballast systems

The rapid growth in the use of electronic ballasts for fluorescent lighting systems, and the corresponding increase in the number of new products and new manufacturers in the market, has raised a number of questions regarding the compatibility of the lamps and ballasts used in fluorescent systems. Because many of the new products start and operate lamps differently than previous products, the relevant American National Standards Institute requirements may no longer be adequate for addressing compatibility concerns. The impacts on system performance of the newer products have not been well established. This paper reports the results of a parametric study designed to test key hypotheses regarding the impact of ballast parameters on fluorescent lamp life. In this study, samples of 4-ft T8 fluorescent lamps were operated on duty cycles of 5 min on and 5 min off, using seven different ballast types. The results of the study indicate which parameters seem to have the biggest effect on lamp life, and can be used in establishing new performance standards for fluorescent systems     

250W金卤灯电子镇流器设计

介绍了250W金卤灯电子镇流器设计方案。该镇流器由PFC升压变换器、微控制器、全桥逆变器和辅助电源组成,全桥逆变器用低频矩形波电压驱动。     

浅析美式荧光灯电子镇流器的标准要求及进展

由于美国和北美地区使用的电网、荧光灯管、灯管预热方法与欧洲和国内的有很大的差异,因此对于在该地区使用的荧光灯电子镇流器的要求与欧洲和国内的有很大的不同,其安全性必须符合UL935的要求,电磁兼容性必须符合FCC第47号法规第18章的要求,性能应符合ANSI C82.11等的要求。本文分析了标准对美式荧光灯电子镇流器的主要要求,并简单介绍了美式荧光灯电子镇流器的发展趋势,作为研究开发的参考。     

HID灯用低频方波电子镇流器数字控制策略研究

基于HID灯动态特性分析,提出一种适用于HID灯负载特性的控制规律,采用分段控制的积分分离式控制方法实现电子镇流器与HID灯动态特性的配合,给出了相应的控制策略。研究一种半桥低频方波HID灯电子镇流器,通过使HID灯与半桥开关管源极相连接,使灯电压和灯电流采样电路和半桥驱动电路共地,控制电路简单易于实现。实验结果证明,所提出的方案具有电路简单、控制灵活、灯平稳启动、恒功率输出和无声共振等优点。     

New continuous-input current charge pump power-factor-correctionelectronic ballast

Continuous-input current charge pump power-factor-correction (CIC-CPPFC) electronic ballasts are proposed in this paper. The CPPFC circuit and unity power factor condition using the charge pump concept are derived and analyzed. The average lamp current control with switching frequency modulation was developed so that low crest factor and constant lamp power operation can be achieved. The developed electronic ballast has continuous input current, so that a small line input filter can be used. The proposed CIC-CPPFC electronic ballast was implemented and tested with two 45 W fluorescent lamps. It is shown that the measured line input current harmonics satisfy IEC 1000-3-2 Class C requirements     

低频方波高强度气体放电灯电子镇流器研究

采用低频方波来驱动高强度气体放电（HID）灯电子镇流器可以有效克服声共振现象。叙述了低频方波HID灯电子镇流器的发展现状,介绍了几种低频方波HID灯电子镇流器的拓扑结构,对它们的性能进行了分析,并指出它们各自的优缺点。随着控制技术的发展,两级式和单级式低频方波HID灯电子镇流器将会有更大的发展前景。     

车用金卤灯电子镇流器研究

该文提出一种低频方波工作的高性能车用金卤灯电子镇流器，该镇流器由带耦合电感的DC／DC升压变换器和低频方波DC／AC逆变器组成，效率高，开关应力小，无声共振。通过选择合理的控制量，探索出了适用于车用金卤灯的控制规律，使得电子镇流器的输出特性与金卤灯的动态特性相匹配：提出一种新型的恒功率控制策略，保证MH灯在不同电源电压和灯电压下输出功率基本不变；巧妙利用主电路整流器件构造高压脉冲触发电路，使车用MH灯能瞬时快速启动；给出了主要电路参数的计算方法。实验结果验证了所提出的方案是可行的。     

一种基于荧光灯简易模型的电子镇流器设计方法

基于目前电子镇流器设计中计算复杂,关键元器件参数选择困难,而且结果不够准确,本文提出一种荧光灯的简易电路模型,据此用仿真的方法来设计电子镇流器.这种方法通过简单的计算和仿真得到关键元器件参数和各个工作点的频率,电压及电流等参数.实验结果表明,该方法简单实用而且准确,适合各种荧光灯电子镇流器的设计.     

提高荧光灯电子镇流器效率的研究

荧光灯的发光效率与电源的频率存在一定的依赖关系,发光效率在一定频率范围内随电源的频率增大而升高,但是电子镇流器的效率随频率的提高而降低,所以需要综合地选择一个合适的工作频率,才能使灯管和镇流器整体的效率最高。本文深入研究了电子镇流器中各元件的参数性能对电子镇流器工作效率的影响,提出了减小荧光灯电子镇流器自身功耗的方法,其使荧光灯电子镇流器自身功耗降低1W以上,对于设计制造高性能电子镇流器具有一定的参考价值。     

基于电容分压的电子镇流器研究

现行电子镇流器与工频电感镇流器一样,还是依赖电感的限流作用来维持荧光灯的正常工作.工作中的电感既有电磁辐射,又要消耗一定的电能.为此,提出了运用电容器的充放电来维持荧光屏灯工作的新方法,详细讨论了各元件的选取,给出了一种新型荧光灯电子镇流器.进一步降低了电子镇流器的耗能及生产成本,为电子镇流器的设计开辟了一条新途径.试验结果证明了该方法的正确性及可行性.     

An electronic dimming ballast with bifrequency and fuzzy logiccontrol

This paper presents the analysis and design of a series-resonant parallel-loaded inverter applied to electronic dimming ballasts with bifrequency and fuzzy logic control. The analysis of the ballast is carried out in conjunction with the fluorescent lamp represented in a plasma model. The component values of the power stage, as well as two switching frequencies, according to the desired maximum and minimum power levels are, therefore, determined. The power levels in between are controlled by varying the ratio between two time intervals for which the two frequencies last, respectively. This mechanism is achieved by using a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). A ballast prototype with the FLC which is implemented on an 8-bit microprocessor with a reduced instruction set computer architecture has been built. Experimental measurements have shown the feasibility of the ballast with the proposed control strategy     

Automotive HID headlamps producing compact electronic ballastsusing power ICs

Incandescent halogen lamps have been the standard for automotive headlamps; however, metal halide high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps have slowly begun to be commercially used since the mid-1990s. The lighting system of the metal halide HID headlamp makes a great contribution to energy savings, longer lamp life and better visibility in traffic zones compared with halogen lamps. (Lamp life is lengthened because it prevents the loss of sodium metal as plus ions through the quartz of the lamp bulb.) This article describes power ICs consisting of full bridge inverters and their drivers in detail. Market requirements for electronic ballasts include more compact size, lighter weight, and lower cost. On the other hand, lamp manufacturers recommend that automotive metal halide HID lamps should be operated at negative voltage potential to the body of automotive headlight fixture in order to lengthen lamp life. In order to meet these requirements, a new multichip power integrated circuit (IC) for electronic ballast of automotive HID headlamps has been developed. Discrete power metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) are used for the inverter of the HID electronic ballast. It contains a high-voltage driver IC including a P-channel lateral double diffused MOSFET (LDMOS) to control the full bridge power MOSFETs