冷喷涂制备纳米结构FeAl金属间化合物涂层

利用机械合金化制备纳米结构FeAl固溶体合金粉末,采用冷喷涂沉积Fe(Al)固溶体合金涂层并结合后热处理原位反应制备了纳米结构FeAl金属间化合物涂层。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等研究了机械合金化Fe(Al)固溶体合金粉末、喷涂态Fe(Al)合金及热处理后FeAl金属间化合物涂层的组织结构特征。结果表明,球磨Fe(Al)合金粉末具有精细的层状结构,喷涂态Fe(Al)合金涂层具有不同于传统热喷涂涂层的独特层状结构,保留了与原始粉末类似的纳米结构;在500℃热处理后涂层中Fe(Al)固溶体转变为FeAl金属间化合物,其晶粒尺寸约为30 nm。     

热处理对机械合金化Ni/Ti冷喷涂层金属间化合物形成的影响

选择了三种球磨时间制备的Ni/Ti机械合金化粉末,通过冷喷涂制备了不同结构的Ni/Ti涂层.涂层组织结构采用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)进行了表征分析.试验发现,随着粉末球磨时间的增加,热处理后的冷喷涂合金转变为金属间化合物的温度下降,涂层的组成相由Ni3Ti,B2-NiTi和Ti2Ni逐渐变成Ni3Ti和Ti2Ni;随着热处理温度的增加,涂层组织中不同成分的金属间化合物的相对量会发生一定改变.结果表明,热处理过程中形成的B2-NiTi金属间化合物在冷却时表现出较高的稳定性.     

激光合成FeAl金属间化合物涂层

用优化的工艺参数,在45钢基体上用激光合成了表面质量好的FeAl金属间化合物涂层.结果表明,多道搭接处理对涂层相组成无影响. 涂层外层 （约1/3涂层）组织为灰白相间的FeAl及基体上分布少量黑色针状FeAl3,里层只有FeAl.FeAl的组织生长形态为树枝晶,白色枝晶富Fe,灰色枝间富Al.涂层/基体界面清晰,呈凹凸状.能量分散谱仪（EDS）成分线扫描分析结果表明,从1/3涂层处Al、Fe开始缓慢过渡,结合区比合成区成分过渡明显,但梯度不大,涂层/基体间有明显互扩散,为冶金结合. 激光合成FeAl涂层的最高硬度为565 HV0.025,比基体高1.7倍.     

大气等离子喷涂球磨Fe-Al合金制备FeAl涂层及其结构表征

FeAl金属间化合物具有良好的抗高温氧化和硫化、抗高温冲蚀性能与较高的高温强度,且密度小、成本低。将FeAl用作SOFC支撑体材料,不仅可提高SOFC的高温强度,而且可显著降低其制作成本。本研究采用机械合金化工艺制备了Fe–35Al粉末,通过大气等离子喷涂(APS)制备了FeAl涂层。利用XRD、SEM表征了球磨粉末及热处理前后涂层的微观结构。研究结果表明,通过大气等离子喷涂球磨粉末,可以制备出FeAl金属间化合物涂层,涂层经800℃热处理30h后,可提高FeAl相的有序度。     

超音速喷涂复合WC基金属陶瓷涂层的性能

采用超音速火焰喷涂技术和等离子喷涂技术在活塞杆用316L不锈钢基体上制备了WC-12Co (WC)/NiCr双重涂层,并制备传统等离子喷涂Al₂O₃-13TiO₂(AT13)涂层作为对照。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微维氏硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、电化学工作站等设备对涂层的性能进行了研究和对比。结果表明,各涂层界面界限清晰,结合性良好,WC涂层的显微硬度为1363 HV0.3,是AT13涂层的1.8倍。在60 min往复摩擦磨损试验条件下,AT13涂层的体积磨损率为WC涂层的4.42倍,WC涂层磨损机制主要表现为磨粒磨损。在3.5%NaCl溶液中,WC涂层和AT13涂层的自腐蚀电位均低于316L不锈钢基体,避免了电偶效应对基体的优先腐蚀,并且AT13涂层的自腐蚀电流密度最大,其次是316L不锈钢基体,WC涂层的自腐蚀电流密度最小,仅为基体的0.57倍。     

NiTi金属间化合物涂层制备研究进展

近年来,国内外对NiTi金属间化合物涂层做了不少的研究。本文对NiTi金属间化合物涂层的制备方法做了介绍,探讨了NiTi金属间化合物涂层的制备工艺中存在的一些问题和解决途径及今后的发展方向。     

金属间化合物NiAl-Ta-Cr高速火焰喷涂工艺及涂层特性

采用高速火焰（HVOF）热喷涂工艺制备了金属间化合物NiAl-Ta-Cr涂层.研究了喷涂距离、氧气流量以及燃气流量等工艺参数对涂层组织结构和性能的影响.用光学显微镜观察涂层的组织结构并测定涂层的孔隙率,用LECOTC316气体抽提仪检测涂层的氧含量.结果表明,氧气流量、喷涂距离等工艺参数对涂层性能的影响比较明显.随着喷涂距离的增加,涂层的氧含量降低;O/H比率越大,涂层的氧含量越高,而孔隙率降低,沉积率越高.涂层经1100℃,4 h真空热处理后,变得更加均匀和致密,孔隙率降低,但涂层的硬度有所降低.涂层经1100℃,100 h高温氧化处理后,在涂层表面生成了连续的氧化铝氧化层,硬度比真空退火后略有下降.     

等离子喷涂制备镍基Al2O3-TiB2金属陶瓷涂层

利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜分析了机械合金化对Ni、Al、TiO₂、B₂O₃混合粉末组织的影响。采用等离子喷涂在铝合金基体表面制备了Al₂O₃-TiB₂金属陶瓷涂层,并对涂层进行了显微硬度的测试。结果表明,30%Ni-(Al-TiO₂-B₂O₃)粉末球磨20 h后作为喷涂原料效果最好;在铝合金基体表面成功制备了Al₂O₃-TiB₂金属陶瓷涂层,涂层显微硬度高于铝合金,达到了1400 HV0.1。     

机械合金化制备Ti-Al-Si金属间化合物

采用钢球为研磨介质,以单质Al,Ti和Si为原料,对Ti30-Al60-Si10,Ti50-Al40-Si10,Ti60-Al20-Si20,Ti70-Al30-Si10等在无保护气氛和非真空条件下进行球磨,获得了非晶态金属间化合物.XRD分析表明,在球磨约30 h就形成了Al3Ti,AlTi3,AlTi2等金属间化合物;球磨至78 h时,得到了无单质存在的Ti-Al基或Ti-Si基金属间化合物的非晶体.     

机械合金化制备Ti-Al-Si金属间化合物

采用钢球为研磨介质,以单质Al,Ti和Si为原料,对Ti30-Al60-Si10,Ti50-Al40-Si10,Ti60-Al20-Si20,Ti70-Al30-Si10等在无保护气氛和非真空条件下进行球磨,获得了非晶态金属间化合物.XRD分析表明,在球磨约30 h就形成了Al3Ti,AlTi3,AlTi2等金属间化合物;球磨至78 h时,得到了无单质存在的Ti-Al基或Ti-Si基金属间化合物的非晶体.     

TiAlNb intermetallic compound coating prepared by high velocity oxy-fuel spraying

Ti_28.35Al_63.4Nb_8.25 (at.%) intermetallic compound coatings were sprayed onto 316 L stainless steel substrates by HVOF processes using various parameters. By varying the grit blasting pressure between 0.11 and 0.55 MPa, the effects of substrate roughness on the adhesion of TiAlNb thermal sprayed coatings were investigated. The microstructure, porosity and microhardness of the coatings were characterized by SEM, XRD, Image Analysis and Vickers hardness analysis. The tensile adhesion test (TAT) specified by ASTM C 633-79 was used to measure the tensile bonding strength of the coating. The results show that the coatings with substrate roughness of 8.33 μm displayed the best combined strength. TiAlNb coatings had a lamellar microstructure with different spraying parameters. The porosity, bonding strength, microhardness of coatings were assessed in relation to the spraying processes. The thickness of bond coat on the bond strength of coatings was also discussed.     

Preparation and characterization of magnesium coating deposited by cold spraying

Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have a great potential as structural materials due to their beneficial combination of high strength to weight ratio, high thermal conductivity and good machinability. However, few works about Mg coatings fabricated by cold spraying can be found in the literature. Thus, Mg coatings prepared at different main gas temperatures by cold spraying were investigated as well as their microstructure, phase structure, oxygen content and microhardness. The critical velocity of the particle was evaluated through numerical simulations. The particle deformation behavior and bonding mechanism were discussed. The result of the oxygen content measurement shows that the oxygen contents of coatings did not increase compared with that of the feedstock powder. The simulation results show that the critical velocity of Mg particles was in the range from 653 m/s to 677 m/s. The observation of the coating fracture morphology shows that the formation of the coating was due to the intensive plastic deformation and mechanical interlocking. The microhardness of the coating increased with the increase of the main gas temperature from 350 °C to 450 °C due to the decrease of the coating porosity.     

Preparation of TiAl3-Al composite coating by cold spraying

TiAl₃-Al coating was deposited on orthorhombic Ti₂AlNb alloy substrate by cold spraying with the mixture of pure Al and Ti as the feedstock powder at a fixed molar ratio of 3:1 when the spraying distance, gas temperature and gas pressure for the process were 10 mm, 250 °C and 1.8 MPa, respectively. The as-sprayed coating was then subjected to heat treatment at 630 °C in argon atmosphere for 5 h at a heating rate of 3 °C/min and an argon gas flow rate of 40 mL/min. The obtained TiAl₃-Al composite coating is about 212 μm with a density of 3.16 g/cm³ and a porosity of 14.69% in general. The microhardness and bonding strength for the composite coating are HV525 and 27.12 MPa.     

粉末制备工艺对冷喷WC金属陶瓷涂层性能的影响

采用包覆、机械混合与团聚烧结工艺制备了多尺度WC-17Ni和ZYT10001A(WC-17％ Co),WCTN(WC-17％ Co)金属陶瓷粉末.用3种粉末冷喷涂沉积涂层,运用扫描电镜分析了涂层的组织结构、X射线衍射表征粉末与涂层的物相结构,用压入法测定了涂层的显微硬度、弹性模量和断裂韧性.研究结果表明,3种粉末沉积的涂层均具呈现致密的组织结构,涂层中的相结构没有发生变化.3种涂层的显微硬度、弹性模量和断裂韧性分别在(650.8±40.4)～ (1350.0±115) HV0.3、(182.6±66.6) ～(309.9±52.9)GPa和(13.12±4.44)～ (24±1)MPa·m1/2之间变化,其中以ZYT10001A(WC-17％ Co)涂层的硬度值最大及断裂韧性值最小.     

FeAl and Mo–Si–B intermetallic coatings prepared by thermal spraying

FeAl and Mo–Si–B intermetallic coatings for elevated temperature environmental resistance were prepared using high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) and air plasma spray (APS) techniques. For both coating types, the effect of coating parameters (spray particle velocity and temperature) on the microstructure and physical properties of the coatings was assessed. Fe–24Al (wt%) coatings were prepared using HVOF thermal spraying at spray particle velocities varying from 540 to 700 m/s. Mo–13.4Si–2.6B coatings were prepared using APS at particle velocities of 180 and 350 m/s. Residual stresses in the HVOF FeAl coatings were compressive, while stresses in the APS Mo–Si–B coatings were tensile. In both cases, residual stresses became more compressive with increasing spray particle velocity due to increased peening imparted by the spray particles. The hardness and elastic moduli of FeAl coatings also increased with increasing particle velocity. For Mo–Si–B coatings, plasma spraying at 180 m/s resulted in significant oxidation of the spray particles and conversion of the T1 phase into amorphous silica and -Mo. The T1 phase was retained after spraying at 350 m/s.     

电热线爆定向喷涂制备stellite/WC复合涂层的特性

利用电热线爆定向喷涂方法在45钢基体上制备了stellite/WC复合涂层,运用扫描电镜及能谱分析对复合涂层的形貌、微观结构以及涂层的基体结合机理进行了分析,利用纳米硬度计测量了复合涂层的硬度和弹性模量.结果表明:涂层致密,无层状结构出现;喷涂过程中涂层颗粒在基体上的快速凝固使得涂层晶粒细小均匀,晶粒为200～500 nm;涂层与基体界面发生了元素扩散现象,为扩散-冶金结合;涂层硬度的最大值为18.6 GPa,模量的最大值为310 GPa,硬度和模量沿横截面都呈现先增加而后减小的变化趋势.     

WC-based cermet coatings produced by cold gas dynamic and pulsed gas dynamic spraying processes

Due to their mechanical properties, WC-based cermet coatings are extensively used in wear-resistant applications. These coatings are usually produced using thermal spray processes. However, due to the nature and the environment of these spraying processes, the feedstock powder structure and properties suffer from decomposition, which subsequently degrade the performance of the coatings produced. The cold gas dynamic spraying process appears to be a promising alternative technique to preserve the properties of the feedstock powder during the coating preparation. Although the latter technique can minimize or eliminate the degradation of the sprayed material, the deposition of cermet using this technique is a difficult task. In this study, two types of cermet powders, the nanocrystalline (WC-15Co) and the conventional (WC-10Co4Cr) powders were deposited using the cold gas dynamic spraying and the pulsed gas dynamic spraying processes. The feedstock powders and coatings microstructures were investigated by OM, SEM and XRD, as well as their hardness. The results revealed the possibility of depositing cermet coatings onto aluminum substrates using both processes without any degradation of the carbide phase of the feedstock powder. The cold gas dynamic spraying process experienced difficulty in depositing and building up dense coatings without major defects. The pulsed gas dynamic process produced thick cermet (conventional and nanocrystalline) coatings with low porosity as long as the feedstock powder was preheated above 573 K.     

冷喷涂Ta涂层组织及腐蚀性能

利用冷喷涂技术在316L不锈钢表面制备Ta涂层.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对涂层的相结构和微观组织进行了分析,通过显微硬度计和万能力学试验机测定涂层的显微硬度和结合强度;采用电化学试验机测试了涂层和不锈钢基体的腐蚀性能.结果表明:涂层微观组织均匀致密,孔隙率为0.5％;涂层与基体结合良好,结合强度为60 MPa;涂层平均显微硬度为256 HV0.3;Ta涂层的自腐蚀电位(-0.25V)略低于316L不锈钢块体(-0.13 V),自腐蚀电流密度(2.16× 10-7A/cm2)比316L不锈钢(4.83×10-7A/cm2)降低了一倍,钝化电位及钝化电流分别为-0.06 V和1.05× 10-4A/cm2,具有很宽的钝化区,能够有效保护316L基体.     

铝-镁金属间化合物涂层的制备与分析

采用铝/镁异质双丝电弧喷涂+热处理复合工艺在铸造铝合金表面制备了铝-镁金属间化合物防护涂层.通过金相显微镜、电子探针及XRD衍射仪对涂层的组织和相组成进行研究,分析了热处理工艺对涂层组织的影响.采用质量分数5%的NaCl溶液进行浸泡试验和电化学试验,对比分析了热处理前后涂层的耐腐蚀性能.结果表明,热处理可显著改变涂层内...