低浓度下己内酰胺-水-硫酸铵-苯体系的液液平衡

介绍了为从己内酰胺废水中萃取回收己内酰胺，测定了4套己内酰胺－水－硫酸铵－苯体系的液液平衡数据（水相己内酰胺质量分数小于13％），并提出了一个简单的关联式予以关联。     

碱土金属和过渡金属离子保留行为的研究

本文主要研究碱土金属和过渡金属离子在磺酸型阳离子交换树脂柱上以乙二胺-络合有机酸（草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸）为流动相的保留行为,确定三种络合有机酸在洗脱和分离碱土金属和过渡金属时的差异,为进一步应用非抑制型离子色谱分析碱土金属和过渡金属离子奠定基础。     

25℃马来酸-丁二酸-水+硫酸体系的固液平衡

测定了２５℃时马来酸－丁二酸－水＋硫酸体系固液平衡数据,并绘制了相图。以相图为依据,分析了丁二酸的电解和结晶分离过程,为确定最佳工艺条件和生产步骤提供了依据。     

N-甲酰吗啉-烷烃-芳烃间汽液平衡的研究

近年,采用N-甲酰吗啉溶剂回收芳烃在焦化行业中受到极大重视,但可资利用的基础数据却极为贫乏。今用改进的Junghan's流动式鼓泡平衡釜测定了常压、三个温度（65.2,72.5,79.5℃）下苯-NFM二元体系的苯-环已烷-NFM、苯-正庚烷-NFM及苯-甲基环已烷-NFM三个三元体系共12组汽液平衡数据;对所有三元体系,分别以实测数据及苯-NFM的固定能量参数对,用NRTL和UNIQUAC模型进行了关联,结果均较为满意。研究结果填补了该项数据空白,完全能满足芳烃回收工程设计的需要。     

水-异丙醚-对苯二酚液-液-固等温平衡数据的实验测定

用气相色谱仪测定了常压下水-二异丙基醚-对苯二酚在50℃和46℃的两个等温平衡数据.这两个等温截面的特点是:存在单相液体与对苯二酚固体的平衡区域,同时存在液相分层的广阔的两相共存区域.实验表明,等温截面上没有液-液-固三相共存点.实验数据包括对苯二酚的饱和溶解度数据和两液相共存数据.二异丙基醚萃取水中对苯二酚的饱和分配系数仅为0.7～1.3,远小于二异丙基醚萃取水中苯酚的分配系数.结论是:等温下用二异丙基醚萃取水中对苯二酚并不很有效.     

固-液-液三相水力旋流器内部固相颗粒受力分析研究

在进料浓度较低时,固相颗粒之间距离较大,相互之间的作用以及影响极微,颗粒的分离可以通过对其施加一个外力,将其往器壁方向推,这样就完成了固-液-液三相的分离。这个外即惯性离心力的大小很容易得到,但颗粒所受流体介质阻力则很难得到。文章文通过研究对对旋流器内部固相颗粒进行了受力分析并从理论上对细颗粒易受参数影响的原因进行了阐述。     

亚硝酸乙酯-乙醇-草酸二乙酯三元体系汽液平衡

建立了测定低压下汽液平衡的实验装置,测定了２０～４０℃下亚硝酸乙酯－乙醇－草酸二乙酯的汽液平衡数据。用ＮＲＴＬ方程关联实验数据,得到较满意的结果     

顺丁烯二酸酐在单一溶剂和混合溶剂中的固液平衡研究

Solid-liquid equilibria (SLE) of three binary systems and seven ternary systems containing maleic anhydride(MA) are measured by visual method. The experimental data are compared with the calculated ones with modified universal quasichemical functional group activity coefficient(UNIFAC) method in which the interaction parameters between groups come from two sources, dortmund data bank(DDB), if there’s any, and correlations based on our former presented experimental SLE data of twenty binary systems. New groups of MA, ACCOO group, COO group, ＞C=O group and cy-CH2 group are defined and the SLE data of maleic anhydride in isopropyl acetate in literature are cited in order to assess the new interaction parameters, correlated with Wilson equation and the λh equation. The modified UNIFAC method with these new regressed interaction parameters is also used to predict other three binary systems containing maleic anhydride.     

碱土金属在萃取剂与树脂间反应平衡常数的测定

研究了碱土金属离子在Ｄ００１树脂与８－羟基喹啉三氯甲烷溶液间的平衡常数Ｏ－ｔＫ的测定。其值依Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ次序减小。并得出萃取剂浓度［ＨＡ］。与金属离子在两相分配的关系。     

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PHASE DISTRIBUTION AND TURBULENCE STRUCTURE FOR SOLID/LIQUID FLOW IN A HORIZONTAL PIPE

Local measurements of the velocity and phase distribution were made for solid/liquid two-phase flows in a horizontal pipe using a multidimensional laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) system. The pipe used had a 30.6 mm inner diameter and was made of a special optically clear material, Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP), which has the same index of refraction as water. The test section and laser probes were submerged in water so that no optical corrections were necessary. Simultaneous measurements of the liquid and particle phases were obtained and discriminated based on differences in the residence time that each particle had when crossing the LDA's measurement volume.

Positive buoyant and negative buoyant solid spherical particles, about 2 mm in diameter, were used in this study. A complete data set of the phasic mean velocities, turbulence and volume fractions were taken for each particle type.

The results presented herein are complete and self-consistent, and can be used to assess the predictive capabilities of multidimensional two-fluid computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models.     

烷烃-芳烃-N-甲酰吗啉体系液液平衡

用液液平衡釜测定了等温下正庚烷苯ＮＦＭ、甲基环己烷苯ＮＦＭ、正庚烷甲苯ＮＦＭ和甲基环己烷甲苯ＮＦＭ等４组三元体系的液液平衡数据,用ＮＲＴＬ和ＵＮＩＱＵＡＣ模型进行了关联,求得各三元体系的褶点数据,并对ＮＦＭ溶剂存在下烷烃和芳烃的选择性进行了比较。     

SiC/金属界面固相反应与控制的研究进展

SiC／金属界面固相反应的研究是材料科学领域内一个极重要的理论研究课题。SiC／金属界面固相反应及界面状态决定着SiC／金属复合材料、SiC／金属复合构件、SiC／金属固相扩散焊接件的力学性能和使用性能。对SiC／金属界面固相反应进行了分类，就SiC／金属界面固相反应研究在反应热力学，反应区的组成、结构和性能，反应动力学及反应微观机制等方面取得的成果进行了综述。并归纳总结了几种类型的SiC／金属界面固相反应控制的方法。     

FDP与树脂之间交换速度控制因素

用弱碱性阴离子交换树脂研究了ＦＤＰＣｌ离子相互交换作用的动力学关系及有关过程的速率控制步骤并计算了颗粒扩散系数。实验发现,当溶液的质量浓度在１０ｇ／Ｌ以上时,ＦＤＰ与树脂之间的交换速率主要受颗粒扩散控制,当溶液的质量浓度≤１０ｇ／Ｌ时,ＦＤＰ与树脂之间的交换速率主要受液膜控制。     

连续浊点法快速测定含盐水溶液的固液平衡

建立一套连续浊点法快速测定含盐水溶液固液平衡的实验方法和装置，不同温度下二元和三元体系的实验值与文献值比较，表明该方法所测数据是可靠的。在此基础上测定了２９８．１５～３２３．１５Ｋ下三元体系ＮＨ４ＣｌＫＣｌＨ２Ｏ的固液平衡数据，并同作者开发的电解质溶液相平衡软件包ＰＨＥＥＳ的预测值作了比较，得到了较为满意的结果     

APPLICATION OF EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES FOR THE SEPARATION OF METAL ION MIXTURES: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES

ABSTRACT

This paper describes new perspectives for the development and wider application of extraction and ion-exchange chromatography for separation of metal ion mixtures. The stabilization of extraction chromatographic materials by different techniques, the evaluation of changes in the behaviour of immobilized reagents (extractants or water-soluble ligands) as compared to those in their “free” state, and the combination of extraction and ion-exchange within one fractionation technique are considered and discussed along with some related problems.     

丙烯酸助洗剂的合成

介绍了以丙烯酸为主要单体进行水溶液聚合制备肽洗剂的方法。通过改变不同的聚合条件，并测其聚合物的分子量及钙赘合值，确定了工艺条件和配方，同时与国外样品进行了对比。实验和应用结果表明，本助洗剂的钙螫合能力较高，助洗效果好，是洗涤剂中三聚磷酸钠的理想替代品。     

EQUILIBRIUM DISTRIBUTION OF PALLADIUM(I I) BETWEEN HYDROCHLORIC ACID SOLUTION AND A MACROMOLECULAR RESIN CONTAINING TRI-n-OCTYLAMINE

ABSTRACT

Studies have been conducted on the sorption characteristics of palladium (II) from hydrochloric acid media with a macromolecular resin containing tri-n-octylamine (TOA). Sorption equilibrium of Pd (II) on the TOA-impregnated sorbent can be expressed by a simple ion-exchange reaction between a tetrachloro complex of Pd (II) in the aqueous phase and an amine salt in the sorbent as follows:

where the equilibrium constant was found to be 6.98x10⁴ kg/dm³.

The elution of Pd (II) from the metal-loaded sorbent was also examined. Elution can be attained with either hydrochloric acid or aqueous ammonia: in particular, the latter gave a high elution ratio even at a concentration less than 1M. The effect of the pore diameter of the macromolecular resins on the Pd(II) sorption was also studied and two methods for preparating impregnated sorbent were examined.