果糖缩二脲树脂胶粘剂的合成

以果糖代替甲醛,在酸性条件下合成了果糖缩二脲树脂胶粘剂,并通过正交实验法获得了该树脂合成的最佳反应条件:n(果糖)∶n(缩二脲)=6∶1,催化剂用量为0.4%,反应温度为100℃,反应时间为2.5 h;同时对树脂的固化条件也进行了优选,最佳固化温度为120℃,固化剂用量为8%,固化时间为2 h。     

蔗糖缩二脲树脂胶的合成研究

利用蔗糖为绿色原料,经酸化、脱水后以双金属为催化剂,合成不含三醛的羟甲基糖醛缩二脲树脂胶,通过单因素试验,对整个反应的pH值、反应温度、催化剂用量,反应原料配比和反应时间进行了优选,结果表明:在pH值为1.0催化剂用量为0.4g,温度95℃,物料比10:1为合成无醛树脂胶的最佳条件,得到的产品经红外分析表征,确定为目标产品,该产品在施胶过程中固化条件为:固化时间2h,温度为115℃,固化剂质量分数为8%。     

果糖三聚氰胺树脂胶粘剂的合成

以果糖代替甲醛,在酸性条件下合成了类似于脲醛树脂的绿色环保型果糖三聚氰胺树脂胶粘剂,通过正交实验获得了该树脂合成的最佳反应条件:n(果糖)∶n(三聚氰胺)=8∶1,催化剂用量2.0%,反应温度105℃,反应时间5 h。该树脂以邻苯二甲酸酐作固化剂的最佳固化条件为:固化剂用量8%,固化温度120℃,固化时间2 h。     

微波法合成葡萄糖缩二脲树脂胶粘剂

以葡萄糖代替甲醛,在酸性条件下通过微波加热法合成了类似于脲醛树脂的绿色环保型葡萄糖缩二脲树脂胶粘剂。并通过正交试验法获得了树脂合成的最佳反应条件:pH=2;n(缩二脲)∶n(葡萄糖)=4∶0.6;催化剂用量0.75%;反应时间6 min。对树脂的固化条件进行了优选。     

葡萄糖对苯二酚树脂胶粘剂的合成

以葡萄糖代替甲醛,在碱性条件下合成了葡萄糖对苯二酚树脂胶粘剂。利用红外光谱(IR)及热重分析(TGA)对树脂的结构及热稳定性进行了分析,并通过正交实验获得了该树脂合成的最佳反应条件:pH=13,n(葡萄糖)n∶(对苯二酚)=101,∶反应温度110℃,催化剂用量2.0%,反应时间7h;同时对树脂的固化条件进行了系统研究。     

微波法合成葡萄糖三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂

合成了一种不含甲醛、无毒的绿色环保型胶黏剂.以葡萄糖代替甲醛,在酸性条件下用微波法合成了类似于脲醛树脂的绿色环保型葡萄糖三聚氰胺树脂,通过正交实验法获得了合成的最佳条件,同时对树脂的固化条件进行了研究.葡萄糖三聚氰胺树脂合成的最佳反应条件为:pH=3,催化剂用量:0.40g,n(三聚氰胺)∶n(葡萄糖)=4∶0.3,反应时间:6min.催化剂用量和反应配比对葡萄糖三聚氰胺树脂的合成反应的影响较大,其次是pH值,对反应影响最小的是反应时间.但反应时间也不应过长,以免碳化.     

果糖对甲酚树脂胶黏剂合成

以果糖代替甲醛,在酸性条件下合成了绿色环保型果糖对甲酚树脂胶黏剂。用正交实验法对反应物配比、反应温度、反应时间和pH进行了优化,得到的果糖对甲酚树脂胶黏剂合成的最佳反应条件为：n（果糖）：n（对甲酚）=7：1,反应温度为95℃,反应时间为7．Oh,pH值为3。同时以邻苯二甲酸酐作为固化剂,对树脂的固化条件进行了研究,得到的最佳固化条件为：国化剂用量为16％,固化温度为120℃,固化时间为1h。     

果糖尿素树脂胶黏剂的合成

以果糖代替甲醛合成类似于脲醛树脂的绿色环保型果糖尿素树脂胶黏剂。用正交实验法对反应物配比、催化剂用量、反应温度和反应时间及固化条件进行了优选。通过红外（IR）对果糖尿素树脂的结构进行了表征,并对反应机理进行了探讨,基本证实了Viswanathan所推测的机理。果糖尿素树脂胶黏剂合成的最佳工艺条件为：n（果糖）：n（尿素）=6：1,催化剂用量为1．0％,反应温度为95℃,反应时间为3h。该树脂以邻苯二甲酸酐作固化剂时的最佳固化条件为：120℃,固化剂用量为8％,固化时间为2h。     

蔗糖尿素树脂胶的合成研究

本文利用蔗糖为绿色原料,经酸化、脱水后以双金属为催化剂,合成不含三醛的羟甲基糖醛尿素树脂胶,通过单因素试验,对整个反应的pH值、反应温度、催化剂用量,反应原料配比和反应时间进行了优选,结果表明:在pH值1.0,催化剂用量为0.4 g,温度95℃。物料比10∶1,为合成无醛树脂胶的最佳条件,得到的产品经红外分析表征,确定为目标产品,该产品在施胶过程中固化条件为,固化时间2 h,温度为115℃,固化剂质量分数为8%。     

葡萄糖苯酚树脂胶粘剂的合成

以葡萄糖代替甲醛,在碱性条件下合成了葡萄糖苯酚树脂胶粘剂。用红外光谱(IR)对其结构进行了分析,并通过正交实验获得了该树脂合成的最佳反应条件:pH=11,n(葡萄糖):n(苯酚)=8:1,反应温度120℃,催化剂用量14．3%,反血时间4 h;同时对树脂的固化条件进行了系统研究。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.