基于映射法和Delaunay方法的曲面三角网格划分算法

提出一种曲面三角网格划分算法，该算法在曲面参数域中生成Delaunay类型的网格，然后将其映射到空间曲面，为了抵消映射过程中变形的影响，采用空椭圆准则代替传统的空间准则，并给出椭圆的构造算法以及椭圆圆心的定位方法，这些方法充分考虑到映射变形和求解速度，实验结果表明，该算法生成满意的曲面网格，具有一定的应用价值。     

边界优先的Delaunay-层推进曲面四边形网格生成

为了提高复杂组合曲面四边形网格生成的鲁棒性和边界单元质量,提出一种边界优先的Delaunay-层推进网格生成方法.首先在剖分域内粗的约束Delaunay背景网格的辅助下,以物理域的位置偏差为引导,在参数域中迭代计算边界点的法矢量;然后结合层推进策略,在几何特征附近生成各向异性或各向同性正交网格;最后使用Coring技术加速内部网格的生成并进行单元合并,得到四边形为主的网格.若干复杂平面区域和组合曲面模型的剖分结果表明,所提方法可生成等角扭曲度和纵横比优于主流商业软件的网格;在12个线程的PC平台上,使用OpenMP并行剖分包含21 772张曲面的引擎模型只用了38.68 s.     

有限元网格生成方法研究的新进展

总结了近10年来有限元网格生成方法的研究进展。首先，概述了目前研究与应用仍然较为活跃的通用网格生成方法，如映射法、基于栅格法、Delaunay三角化法和推进波前法的最新研究进展。其次，对当前的主要研究热点，如曲面网格生成、全六面体网格生成和并行网格生成等进行了阐述；最后，简要地探讨了该领域的发展趋势。     

多边形单元网格自动生成技术

近年来兴起的多边形有限元方法,在有限元计算中采用多边形单元划分网格,不仅可以更好地适应求解区域的几何形状,而且增加了网格划分的灵活性。为了更方便有效地生成多边形单元网格,在Delaunay三角形的基础上,通过将共圆Delaunay三角形合并为一个圆内接多边形,首先提出了Delaunay多边形的概念,进而提出了一种多边形网格自动生成的Delaunay多边形化算法。利用该Delaunay多边形化技术,对工程中常见的几何形状进行网格划分的具体算例表明,Delaunay多边形化方法可以生成性质优良的多边形单元网格。     

几何自适应参数曲面网格生成

为满足有限元分析的需要,针对参数曲面提出一种几何自适应的网格生成方法.通过黎曼度量控制下的曲面约束Delaunay三角化获得曲面中轴,将其用于自动识别曲面邻近特征,并通过曲率计算自动识别曲率特征;根据邻近特征和曲率特征,融合传统网格尺寸控制技术控制边界曲线离散,并创建密度场;结合映射法和前沿推进技术对组合参数曲面生成几何自适应的网格.实验结果表明,该方法能够处理复杂的几何外形,生成的网格具有很好的自适应效果和质量.     

利用参数平面生成曲面的均匀三角形网络

利用参数平面统一表示曲面,将曲面划分问题归结为参娄平面的平面网格划分问题。在对参数平面进行风格划分时,根据网格尺寸要求利用平行线方法生成内部结点,然后用Ｄｅｌａｕｎａｙ三角化方法生成二维网格,再通过映得到三维网络。     

一种基于三维Delaunay三角化的曲面重建算法

提出一种基于三维Delaunay三角化的区域增长式曲面重建方法。该方法以空间点云的Delaunay三角化为基础,结合局部区域增长的曲面构造,较以往方法具有人为参与更少、适用范围更广的优点。算法采用增量式插入点的方式构建空间Delaunay划分,采用广度优先算法,以外接圆最小为准则从Delaunay三角化得到的四面体中抽取出合适的三角片构成曲面。该算法的设计无须计算原始点集的法矢,且孔洞系数对重建的结果影响很小,重建出的三角网格面更符合原始曲面的几何特征。无论待建曲面是否是封闭曲面,本算法均可获得较好的重建效果。     

三维散乱点云快速曲面重建算法

提出了一种基于Delaunay三角剖分的三维散乱点云快速曲面重建算法。算法首先计算点云的Delaunay三角剖分, 从Delaunay四面体提取初始三角网格, 根据Voronoi体元的特征构造优先队列并生成种子三角网格, 然后通过区域生长的方式进行流形提取。实验结果表明, 该算法可以高效、稳定地重构具有复杂拓扑结构、非封闭曲面甚至是非均匀采样的点云数据。与传统的基于Delaunay的方法比较, 该算法仅需要进行一次Delaunay三角剖分, 无须极点的计算, 因此算法的重构速度快。     

点与三角形位置关系对三角网格拓扑的影响

逐点添加、局部优化的Watson算法和局部变换法是生成大规模离散点集Delaunay三角网格的常用方法。点与三角形位置关系判别和三角形外接圆包含点的测试分别是局部变换法和Watson算法正确生成Delaunay三角网格的重要环节。计算误差会导致点与三角形位置关系以及三角形外接圆包含点的错误判别,从而生成几何拓扑关系不正确的三角网格。采用相对位置坐标可以提高面积坐标和外接圆圆心、半径的计算精度。以等高线地图采集的地形数据为例,用改进的算法生成了包含393252个离散点的Delaunay三角网格。     

结合Delaunay 三角面分离法与搜索球策略的三维曲面重建算法

基于曲面重建在计算机图形学、三维GIS、逆向工程等领域有重要应用,结合区 域生长法与Delaunay 三角剖分的优势,提出了一种新的散乱点云曲面重建算法。首先根据曲面 中轴性质提出了分离角定义并推导了相关结论,利用局部Delaunay 三角形分离角性质抽取大量 位于模型表面三角形,从而构建种子三角网增加初始区域的生长面积其次运用自适应搜索球法 加快邻域三角形搜索并识别曲面边界。对比传统的基于Delaunay 法和传统区域生长法,该方法 只需要一次三角剖分,无需极点与法向量计算,重建速度快,具有Delaunay 三角网格的优良结 构特性,孔洞数量少,重建出的三维模型几何信息与拓扑关系准确。实验表明,结合Delaunay 三角剖分与区域生长法重构有向的流形三角网格模型,能够提高三维模型的重建效果与速度, 有效地自动识别曲面边界。     

Dynamic hierarchical triangulation of a clustered data stream

This paper presents a novel approach to handle large amounts of geometric data. A data stream clustering is used to reduce the amount of data and build a hierarchy of clusters. The data stream concept allows for the processing of very large data sets. The cluster hierarchy is then used in a dynamic triangulation to create a multiresolution model. It allows for the interactive selection of a different level of detail in various parts of the data.A method for removal multiple points from Delaunay triangulation is proposed. It is significantly faster than the traditional approach. The clustering and the triangulation are supplemented by an elliptical metric to handle data with anisotropic properties.Compared to the closest competitive method by Isenburg et al., the presented algorithm requires only a single pass over the data and offers a high flexibility. These advantages culminate in a long running time. The method was tested on several large digital elevation maps. The clustering phase can take up to a few hours. Once the cluster hierarchy is built, the terrains can be efficiently manipulated in real time.     

Anisotropic surface meshing with conformal embedding

This paper introduces a parameterization-based approach for anisotropic surface meshing. Given an input surface equipped with an arbitrary Riemannian metric, this method generates a metric-adapted mesh with user-specified number of vertices. In the proposed method, the edge length of the input surface is directly adjusted according to the given Riemannian metric at first. Then the adjusted surface is conformally embedded into a parametric 2D domain and a weighted Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation and its dual Delaunay triangulation are computed on the parametric domain. Finally the generated Delaunay triangulation can be mapped from the parametric domain to the original space, and the triangulation exhibits the desired anisotropic property. We compute the high-quality remeshing results for surfaces with different types of topologies and compare our method with several state-of-the-art approaches in anisotropic surface meshing by using the standard measurement criteria.     

一个利用法矢的散乱点三角剖分算法

曲面上散乱点的三角剖分在曲面重建中发挥着重要作用,借助于曲面上的法矢信息和三维Delaunay三角剖分算法,该文给出了一种新的散乱点三角剖分算法,输入一组散乱点以及所在曲面S在这些散乱点处的一致定向的法矢信息,该算法将产生一张插值散乱点的三角网格曲面M,并且曲面M可以近似地看成是曲面S的三角剖分,算法的主要步骤分为两步：首先通过曲面S的一致定向的法矢信息,在曲面S的同一侧添加辅助点,利用这些辅助点来剔除Delaunay三角剖分中产生的不需要的三角片;然后将剩余的三角片连接成一张完整的网格曲面,与基于中轴的三角剖分算法相比,该文算法需要更少和更简单的计算,与局部三角剖分算法相比,该文算法可以更有效地避免重建后的曲面产生自交,该文的算法可用于任意拓扑的光滑曲面重建。     

Anisotropic mesh adaptation for evolving triangulated surfaces

Dynamic surfaces arise in many applications, such as free surfaces in multiphase flows and moving interfaces in fluid–solid interaction. In many engineering applications, an explicit surface triangulation is often used to represent dynamic surfaces, posing significant challenges in adapting their meshes, especially if large curvatures and sharp features may dynamically emerge or vanish as the surfaces evolve. In this paper, we present an anisotropic mesh adaptation technique to meet these challenges. Our technique strives for optimal aspect ratios of the triangulation to reduce positional errors and to capture geometric features of dynamic surfaces based on a novel extension of the quadrics. Our adaptation algorithm combines the operations of vertex redistribution, edge flipping, edge contraction, and edge splitting. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our anisotropic adaptation technique for static and dynamic surfaces.     

约束四面体剖分和三维物体表面重建

该文提出了约束曲面和约束最大空球凸多面体的概念,在此基础上设计了一种在空间区域上做约束Delaunay四面体剖分的算法。该算法的基本思路是首先对空间区域进行约束最大空球凸多面体剖分,然后在各个约束最大空球凸多面体内部做Delaunay四面体剖分。利用约束Delaunay四面体剖分算法,该文进一步设计了一种三维物体表面重建算法。     

Automatic mesh generation for complex three-dimensional regions using a constrained Delaunay triangulation

This paper describes a method for generating tetrahedral meshes. The algorithm, based on the Delaunay triangulation, can treat objects of essentially arbitrary complexity. In order to preserve the surface triangulation of solid objects, it is necessary to override the Delaunay property and redefine the triangulation when points are introduced that are close to solid boundaries. Details of this constrained Delaunay algorithm are presented and an efficient implementation of the triangulation method is described. Techniques for controlling the distribution of mesh points and tetrahedron quality are also discussed.     

三角网格模型的各向异性孔洞修补算法

提出一种用于三角网格模型的各向异性孔洞修补算法.该算法避免了高代价的孔洞多边形最优三角化求解过程,只需对其进行一般三角化;而后通过很少次数的迭代过程对孔洞三角化后的网格进行细化和几何形态的调整,使其和周边网格自然过渡.实验结果证明,该算法高效、稳定,能够处理各种类型的孔洞.     

Approximate development of trimmed patches for surface tessellation

This paper presents a method for constructing an auxiliary planar domain of triangulation for tessellating trimmed parametric surface patches. By minimizing a mapping error function, an approximate locally isometric mapping between a given trimmed parametric surface patch and its triangulation domain is constructed. In this way the shape of triangular elements on the triangulation domain is approximately preserved when mapped into three-dimensional space. We also provide an efficient method to achieve a good initial guess for the minimization of the mapping error function. Furthermore, our proposed method guarantees a homeomorphism between a triangulation domain and parametric space/given surface patch by robustly removing the possibility of self-intersection on the developed surface net. Practical application of the proposed algorithm can include the formation of ship hulls, ducts, shoes, clothing and automobile parts as well as the surface meshing procedure.     

用Delaunay三角形化实现的矩形边界表面描述算法

本文提出了一种基于Delaunay三角形化且定义在矩形边界上,具有形如Z=f(x,y)形式的表面描述算法.算法从一个简单的结构开始,在本文定义的描述误差D_K的指导下自适应地在合适的位置插入数据点以逼近实际表面,然后对旧的结构进行更新,从而获得任意精度的表面描述.对一组实际的三维物体的深度数据模拟实验表明,本算法具有程序简便,运算速度快,数据压 缩比高和存储量小的特点.