天然气脱二氧化碳工艺方法综述

论述了目前国内外工业上常用的5种脱碳方法和基本工艺流程,通过对各种脱碳工艺的对比,总结出了在不同工艺条件和脱碳要求下各工艺方法的优劣并归纳出工艺初选方法     

鼓泡反应器中二氧化碳吸收工艺研究进展

CO₂的吸收和捕集对于减缓温室效应和利用CO₂创造经济效益具有重要的社会和经济价值。介绍了在鼓泡反应器中进行的CO₂的吸收和捕集的研究进展,包括新型吸收剂的应用、反应原理的探讨、反应条件和工艺路线的优化等。这些研究为实现CO₂的减排,开发新型高效吸收剂提供了参考。     

二氧化碳选择性吸收方法的研究进展

综述了二氧化碳选择性吸收方法的研究进展,包括物理吸收法、化学吸收法、膜吸收法,并分析了各种方法的优缺点。     

半闭式呼吸器二氧化碳吸收装置的研究

为了减小呼吸器二氧化碳吸收装置的体积,对原有的二氧化碳吸收装置进行设计和改进。通过对吸收装置结构的改进和吸收剂的重新选择,并在呼吸机上进行模拟试验表明:通过竖直隔板建立分隔空间,和采用吸收率38%的钠石灰的吸收剂的改进,吸收剂的重量由720 g降低为300 g,有效减小了吸收剂的体积并且降低了呼吸器的呼气阻力。     

MEA-TETA复配醇胺水溶液吸收二氧化碳的实验研究

研究测定了系列浓度的MEA-TETA复配醇胺水溶液在常温下对CO2的溶解度,以及水溶液和吸收液的表面张力。确定了适于工业应用的MEA-TETA复配体系的组成。实验结果表明,在以TETA为主体的醇胺水溶液中加入适量MEA,CO2吸收速率快,再生能耗降低。     

用于从混合气体中吸收分离二氧化碳的溶液

本发明涉及一种用于从混合气体中吸收分离二氧化碳的溶液，为含有碳酸钾、醇胺类化合物成分、钒类化合物成分、硼酸以及多氨基或多氮类化合物成分的水溶液。其中：碳酸钾为50～250g／L，醇胺类化合物成分为5～250g／L，多氨基或多氮类化合物成分为0．5～25g／L，钒类化合物成分为6～12g／L，硼酸为0～20g／L。其中的钒类化合物成分还可以用铜类化合物成分取代。本发明的溶液尤其适用于从高含氧量并同时含有硫和氮氧化合物杂质的气体中高效率地吸收分离其中所含的二氧化碳。     

二氧化碳吸收/吸附剂研究进展

综述了目前正在研究的各种二氧化碳分离技术。根据分离技术原理的不同,对吸收法、吸附法及膜分离法等技术进行了分类讨论。对于吸收法根据吸收剂的使用温度分为高温吸收剂和低温吸收剂进行了分类综述;根据使用材料的不同对吸附剂做了详尽的评述;并且展望了二氧化碳分离技术的未来发展趋势,提出了鉴于目前任何单一方法都不能满足燃煤电厂烟气治理的要求,应该综合各种技术的优点,制造吸附容量更高、选择性更强的复合材料,如吸附剂浸渍有机胺吸收液来提高吸附剂的选择性和吸附容量,膜材料浸渍胺的水溶液,多孔聚合物浸渍有机溶液,以及一些新型结构的吸收剂如离子溶液和金属有机骨架等等。     

MDEA水溶液吸收CO2工艺条件的探讨

在活化MDEA溶液吸收CO2反应动力学理论指导下,以大量试验数据为依据,从工业生产的实际出发,探讨MDEA浓度和温度对吸收速率的影响。提出30%左右的MDEA浓度是适宜的操作浓度。     

二氧化碳脱除原理及工艺

介绍了脱除空气和烟气中二氧化碳的基本原理和相关工艺。根据二氧化碳的脱除原理,详细的阐述和分析了二氧化碳的脱除方法和相关工艺,并对各种技术最新的发展前景进行了分析。     

CO2 Absorption into Aqueous Solutions of Monoethanolamine,Methyldiethanolamine, Piperazine and their Blends

The removal of carbon dioxide from industrial gases, e.g. in thermal power stations to meet the discharge limits for CO₂ in flue gases, is usually achieved with a reactive absorption technique using aqueous solutions of alkanolamines. From the absorption performance point of view, primary and secondary amines are preferred. However, in case the costs of the solvent regeneration are also taken into account, tertiary amines are much more attractive. In order to combine the specific advantages of tertiary and primary/secondary alkanolamines, both types of solvents are mixed. In this paper, mixtures of monoethanolamine and methyldiethanolamine with piperazine as absorption activator are experimentally compared with respect to CO₂ removal performances at 25 °C. The absorption process in a special packed column has also been simulated with the use of published data on reaction kinetics, physicochemical properties (densities, viscosities, diffusivities, Henry coefficients) of the CO₂‐amines systems, including experimentally determined hydrodynamic and mass transfer characteristics of the CO₂ scrubber.     

煤燃烧烟气中CO2的吸收控制技术研究进展

阐述了燃煤烟气中二氧化碳脱除的各种方法。研究了各种CO2的吸收方法,包括物理吸收法中的膜吸收法、吸附剂等,物化吸附法,还有化学吸收剂中的氨水、有机氨等吸收方法,并分析各种方法的特点及优缺点。     

Thermal Effects During the Absorption of CO2 in Aqueous Solutions of 3‐Amino‐1‐Propanol

In this work, we study the process of CO₂ absorption, at high partial pressures, in aqueous solutions of 3‐amino‐1‐propanol (AP), with respect to the thermal effects of this operation. All of the experiments were performed in a stirred tank gas‐liquid reactor with a flat, known interface. The variables considered were the AP concentration in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 M and the temperature within the interval of 288–313 K. From the results, we deduce that the process takes place in the instantaneous nonisothermal regime, and we propose an equation which relates the experimental results of molar flux with the initial amine concentration. At the same time, we can evaluate the temperature increase at the gas‐liquid interface.     

Absorption of carbon dioxide into aqueous solutions of piperazine activated 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol

In this work, new experimental data on the rate of absorption of CO₂ into piperazine (PZ) activated aqueous solutions of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) are reported. The absorption experiments using a wetted wall contactor have been carried out over the temperature range of 298-313 K and CO₂ partial pressure range of 2-14 kPa. PZ is used as a rate activator with a concentration ranging from 2 to 8 wt%, keeping the total amine concentration in the solution at 30 wt%. The CO₂ absorption into the aqueous amine solutions is described by a combined mass transfer-reaction kinetics-equilibrium model, developed according to Higbie's penetration theory. Parametric sensitivity analysis is done to determine the effects of possible errors in the model parameters on the accuracy of the calculated CO₂ absorption rates from the model. The model predictions have been found to be in good agreement with the experimental results of rates of absorption of CO₂ into aqueous (PZ+AMP). The good agreement between the model predicted rates and enhancement factors and the experimental results indicates that the combined mass transfer-reaction kinetics-equilibrium model with the appropriate use of model parameters can effectively represent CO₂ mass transfer in PZ activated aqueous AMP solutions.     

A Study of the Mass Transfer of CO2 through Different Membrane Materials in the Membrane Gas Absorption Process

Abstract

The mass transfer of carbon dioxide through hydrophobic membrane materials into aqueous solutions of monoethanolamine has been studied. Microporous polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membranes were compared. Membranes were characterized before and after use and wetting studies showed that the mass transfer resistance increased by 15% for polypropylene after 45 hours. Wetting may be due to membrane degradation as a result of contact with the solvent. This study highlights the need to choose membrane‐solvent systems that utilize a low cost membrane that remains unwetted by the solvent over long periods and when subjected to reasonable solvent‐side pressures.     

Absorption of carbon dioxide into aqueous PAA solution containing diethanolamine

Carbon dioxide was absorbed into aqueous polyacrylamide (PAA) solution containing diethanolamine (DEA) of 0–2 kmol/m³ in a flat-stirred vessel with the impeller of 0.034 m and agitation speed of 50 rpm at 25 °C and 0.101 MPa to measure the absorption rate of CO₂. The volumetric liquid-side mass transfer coefficient (k_La) was obtained from the dimensionless empirical correlation formula presenting the rheological behavior of aqueous PAA solution. PAA with elastic property of non-Newtonian liquid made the rate of chemical absorption of CO₂ accelerate compared with Newtonian liquid based on the same viscosity of the solution. The estimated value of the absorption rate of CO₂ was obtained from the model based on the film theory accompanied by chemical reaction and compared with the measured value.     

甲醇工艺废水pH值超标问题的探讨

从甲醇工艺废水的来源分析造成废水pH值超标的原因,并采取相应的措施,从而大幅提高工艺废水的合格率。     

Absorption of carbon dioxide into aqueous colloidal silica solution with diisopropanolamine

Carbon dioxide was absorbed into the aqueous nanometer-sized colloidal silica solution of 0–31 wt% and diisopropanolamine of 0–2 kmol/m³ in a flat-stirred vessel with the impeller of various sizes and speeds at 25 °C and 0.101 MPa to measure the absorption rate of CO₂. The volumetric liquid-side mass transfer coefficient (k_La) of CO₂ was used to obtain the empirical correlation formula containing the rheological behavior of the aqueous colloidal silica solution. Reduction of the measured k_La was explained by the viscoelastic properties of the aqueous colloidal silica solution. The theoretical value of the absorption rate of CO₂ was estimated from the model based on the film theory accompanied by chemical reaction and compared with the measured value.     

二氧化碳加氢直接合成二甲醚的研究进展

综述了二氧化碳直接加氢合成二甲醚的研究进展及二氧化碳加氢合成二甲醚催化剂的研究现状。