有限切开复位股骨近端抗旋髓内钉治疗股骨转子下骨折

正2014年8月~2015年8月,我科采用有限切开复位股骨近端抗旋髓内钉(PFNA)内固定治疗32例股骨转子下骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组32例,男15例,女17例,年龄61~75岁。骨折根据Seinsheimer分型:ⅡB型骨折8例,ⅡC型骨折3例,ⅢA型骨折10例,ⅢB型骨折2例,Ⅳ型骨折2例,Ⅴ型骨折7例。受伤至手术时间2~7 d。     

微创接骨板接骨术治疗股骨干骨折

正2012年9月~2015年6月,我科采用微创接骨板接骨术治疗10例股骨干骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组10例,男8例,女2例,年龄22~66岁。骨折AO分型:32-A1.2型1例,32-A2.2型1例,32-A3.2型1例,32-B1.2型1例,32-B2.2型2例,32-B3.2型2例,32-C1.3型1     

关节镜引导联合小切口逆行全长交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干合并股骨髁上骨折

笔者从2003年6月~2007年3月,在关节镜引导下联合小切口应用股骨全长逆行交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干合并股骨髁上骨折6例,效果满意。报告如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料6例中,男4例,女2例;年龄25~53岁。根据AO分型:股骨干骨折32A1型2例,32A3型4例;股骨髁上骨折33A1型4例,33A2型1例     

解剖型锁定钢板经皮微创内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折

<正>2010年1月~2015年10月,我们采用解剖型锁定钢板经皮微创内固定治疗32例胫骨远端骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组32例,男23例,女9例,年龄21~64岁。闭合骨折29例,开放骨折3例。骨折按AO分型:A型22例,B型7例,C型3例。合并腓骨骨折27例,外踝骨折5例。对3例开放骨折清创缝合后行跟骨牵引,2周拆线后再行骨折复位内固定术;对患肢肿胀不明显的闭合骨折行石膏托外固定;其     

股骨近端带锁髓内钉治疗股骨转子部骨折

股骨转子部骨折是临床常见的骨折,好发于老年人,目前治疗方法很多,我院2000年10月-2004年12月,用股骨近端髓内针(PFN)治疗股骨转子部骨折32例,取得良好疗效。1临床资料本组患者32例,男21例,女11例;年龄47~73岁,平均60岁;受伤距手术时间2~17d,平均8d。按AO分类A1型7例,A2型17例,     

锁定钛板结合自固化磷酸钙人工骨治疗跟骨骨折

正2010年2月~2013年6月,我病区采用锁定钛板内固定结合自固化磷酸钙人工骨植骨治疗32例跟骨骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组32例34足,均为男性,年龄21~61岁。左侧13足,右侧21足。均为闭合骨折。骨折根据Sanders分型:Ⅱ型18足,Ⅲ型13足,Ⅳ型3足。伤后至手术时间4~10 d。     

T形外固定架治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的:介绍T形外固定架治疗肱骨近端骨折的手术方法。方法:回顾自1998年以来用T形外固定架治疗肱骨近端骨折32例,其中男19例,女13例;年龄26~75岁,平均55岁。骨折按Neer分型:Ⅰ型7例,Ⅲ型20例,Ⅳ型4例,Ⅵ型1例。结果:32例均获随访,时间10~20个月,按尚天裕肩关节功能评分标准判定,优20例,良10例,满意2例,优良率96%。结论:应用T形外固定架治疗肱骨近端骨折符合肱骨近端骨折的生物学固定要求,疗效可靠,值得推广。     

重建钉治疗股骨粗隆间合并粗隆下骨折

自2001年10月~2004年12月,笔者使用重建钉治疗股骨粗隆间合并粗隆下骨折32例,疗效满意,报告如下。1临床资料1·1一般资料本组32例均为闭合性损伤,男13例,女19例;年龄66~89岁,平均72·8岁。交通事故伤8例,生活伤24例。股骨粗隆间骨折按Evans标准分类,Ⅱ型4例,ⅢA型18例,ⅢB型5例     

两头折弯的克氏针张力带固定髌骨骨折

<正>2013年5月~2015年3月,我们采用两头折弯克氏针张力带治疗32例髌骨骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组32例,男12例,女20例,年龄17~65岁。骨折按Rockwood分型:Ⅱ型18例,Ⅲ型5例,Ⅳ型3例,Ⅴ型6例。均为闭合髌骨骨折。伤后至手术时间1~7 d。1.2治疗方法髌前纵行切口,用巾钳抓持髌骨骨折上下两侧,将骨折端聚拢试行复位。髌下关节面平整复位后屈膝40°~60°,2枚克氏针垂直骨折面平行     

应用Taylor三维空间外固定架辅助闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折

目的探讨应用Taylor三维空间外固定架(taylor spatial frame,TSF)在闭合复位股骨干骨折交锁髓内钉手术中的临床疗效。方法 2010年9月至2014年9月,对36例新鲜股骨干骨折患者采用Taylor三维空间外固定架辅助闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定治疗,其中男20例,女16例;年龄20~59岁,平均39.1岁;股骨左侧22例,右侧14例。骨折按AO分型,32A1型6例,32A2型8例,32A3型4例,32B1型6例,32B2型4例,32B3型3例,32C1型5例,均采用闭合复位。参照刘兴炎等提出的股骨干骨折疗效评定标准评定患肢功能。结果 36例患者均获随访,随访时间24~36个月,平均30.4个月。术中C型臂及术后X线片检查,骨折均达到解剖复位或功能复位,末次随访时X线片显示骨折处全部愈合,无骨不愈合、深静脉血栓形成、感染及断钉的发生。本组优33例,良3例,优良率100%。结论应用Taylor三维空间外固定架辅助闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折,创伤小,操作简便,效果满意。     

深圳市某两所小学流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学分析

目的：通过对深圳市某两所小学发生的流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学特点及差异性进行分析,为制定科学、高效的防控策略提供科学依据。方法2013年5～7月深圳市大鹏新区某两所小学爆发流行性腮腺炎,以学校为整体研究对象,分别标记为学校A（24个班,学生1210例）和学校B（27个班,学生1274例）,对比两所小学的疫情流行病学差异性。结果分析发现,学校A流行性腮腺炎发病率为4.30%,发病班级所占比54.17%,均较学校B1.73%和29.63%高,对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;分析显示学校A学生出现疫病平均年龄为（11.2±1.1）岁,较学校B（9.34±1.0）岁,对比差异明显（P＜0.05）;且两组疫病患儿在接种疫苗率对比上差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;但疫情发生时,学校B疫苗紧急接种率明显高于学校A,对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论小学作为流行性腮腺炎爆发的主要场所之一,疫病爆发高峰季节前,针对易感染人群给予相应的疫苗接种等预防控制措施,同时加强流行性腮腺炎的监测,对于降低感染人群数量,减轻、遏制疫情有着积极的意义,值得相关防控部门重视。     

不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效分析

目的：探讨不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效。方法：2008年3月-2013年2月收治指尖离断患者80例,38例吻合指侧方静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1或1：2或2：2,平均1：2;22例吻合指腹静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1;20例未吻合静脉,术中仅吻合1条动脉,行侧切口或甲床放血。观察各组治疗效果。结果：吻合指侧方静脉组手指全部成活,无一例发生回流障碍;吻合指腹静脉组19例发生静脉危象,其中4例手指坏死;未吻合静脉组20例均发生回流障碍,其中6例手指坏死。58例获随访,随访时间6~28个月。吻合指侧方静脉组32例,指尖外形佳、指腹饱满;吻合指腹静脉组14例,指体轻度萎缩,指甲生长不平整;未吻合静脉组12例,指体萎缩明显。吻合指侧方静脉组指甲生长近平整,长度长于其他两组[（14.4±3.2）mm比（12.5±2.3）mm和（12.2±2.2）mm],远侧指间关节活动度大于其他两组[（63±5）°比（48±3）°和（45±7）°],两点分辨觉小于其他两组[（4.6±0.4）mm比（7.1±1.2）mm和（7.3±0.6）mm],感觉级别高于其他两组[S（3.45±0.39）级比S（2.57±0.42）级和S（2.55±0.49）级],差异均具有显著性（P〈0.05）。吻合指腹静脉组和未吻合静脉组在指甲长度、运动和感觉方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：吻合指侧方静脉能有效解决指尖再植静脉回流问题,可避免回流障碍,成活率高,促进指甲生长,可恢复 DIPJ 活动度及感觉。     

Frequency of complications of manipulation of the spine

Summary A survey of all members of the Swiss Medical Association of Manual Medicine was undertaken for the year 1989. Informative data were given by 425 respondents on the frequency of complications of manipulation as related to the spine. The number of thoraco-lumbar manipulations during 1989 (225 working days) was 805 for each respondent, and the number manipulations of the cervical spine 354. Thus, the total number of thoraco-lumbar manipulations was 342 125, and the total number of cervical manipulations was 150 450. The overall incidence of side-effects of transient complications due to cervical spine manipulation such as disturbance of consciousness or radicular signs was 1: 16716. Seventeen patients (ratio 1: 20 125) after manipulation of the lumbar spine presented, in addition to increased pain, a transient sensorimotor deficit with precise radicular distribution. Nine of the 17 patients (ratio 1: 38013) developed a progressive radicular syndrome with sensorimotor defict and radiologically verified disc herniation and had to be referred for surgery. Side effects and complications of cervical and lumbar spine manipulation are rare. Taking in to account the yearly number of manipulations performed by a single physician in Switzerland and the rate of complications, it can be calculated that a physician practicing manual medicine will encoutner one complication due to manipulation of the cervical spine in 47 years and one complication due to lumbar spine manipulation in 38 years of practice. However, it is important that a careful clinical assessment is carried out to avoid complications due to manipulation carried out on the basis of inappropriate indications. Furthermore, the decision as to which technique is indicated for any particular functional disorder of the spine should be made on the basis of rational criteria resting on a knowledge of clinical biomechanics, functional anatomy and neurophysiology. The authors recommend a prospective morbidity study to be carried out among physicians, chiropractors, osteopaths and physiotherapists, taking into account the different indications and therapeutic techniques in relation to complications.     

Pathogenesis of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater

Most adenomas and carcinomas of the small intestine and extrahepatic bile ducts arise in the region of the papilla of Vater. In familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) it is the main location for carcinomas after proctocolectomy. In many cases symptoms due to stenosis lead to diagnosis at an early tumor stage. In about 80%, curative intended resection is possible. Operability is the most relevant prognostic factor. Most ampullary carcinomas resp. carcinomas of the papilla of Vater develop from adenomatous or flat dysplastic precursor lesions. They can be sited in the ampulloduodenal part of the papilla of Vater, which is lined by intestinal mucosa. They also can develop in deeper parts of the ampulla, which are lined by pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa. Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and pancreaticobiliary-type adenocarcinoma represent the main histological types of ampullary carcinoma. Furthermore, there exist unusual types and undifferentiated carcinomas. Many carcinomas of intestinal type express the immunohistochemical marker profile of intestinal mucosa (keratin 7–, keratin 20+, MUC2+). Carcinomas of pancreaticobiliary type usually show the immunohistochemical profile of pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa (keratin 7+, keratin 20–, MUC2–). Even poorly differentiated carcinomas, as well as unusual histological types, may conserve the marker profile of the mucosa they developed from. These findings underline the concept of histogenetically different carcinomas of the papilla of Vater which develop either from intestinal- or from pancreaticobiliary-type mucosa of the papilla of Vater. Molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas are similar to those of colorectal as well as pancreatic carcinomas, although they appear at different frequencies. In future studies, molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas should be correlated closely with the different histologic tumor types. Consequently, the histologic classification should reflect the histogenesis of ampullary tumors from the two different types of papillary mucosa.     

静脉皮瓣成活过程的实验研究

我们以兔为实验动物，通过微循环观察及血管内灌注填充剂，研究静脉皮瓣的成活过程。这一过程可分为２个阶段。第一阶段（术后７２小时内）为静脉血营养期：静脉血由静脉干通过小静脉吻合支、微静脉干间吻合支及终末微静脉吻合支回流至另一静脉。术后４８小时内毛细血管内无血液运动。第二阶段（术后７２小时～６周）为动脉血营养及血管改造期：术后７２小时新生血管开始向皮瓣内生长。术后７２无皮瓣动脉同主要来自皮瓣周围正常组织内的新生血管吻合使动脉血分布于整个皮瓣，这是静脉皮瓣成活的关键     

Management of sequelae of septic arthritis of hip

A nine years old boy, who had suffered septic arthritis at the age of two years and presented now with a limp, hip instability, leg length discrepancy. The patient was treated by adductor tenotomy and upper tibial pin traction. When head remnant reached the level of the acetabulum, open reduction and Pemberton osteotomy was done to achieve cover of the femoral head. The purpose of this report is to highlight the six years followup of reconstruction of sequale of septic arthritis of hip joint.     

Catamnestic study of childless patients of the Department of Andrology of Hamburg-Eppendorf University Hosptal

By means of a questionnaire, we carried out a catamnestic study of 1419 patients with a complaint of infertility. 27 per cent of the replying patients reported about the birth of children. 343 patients (38%) reported about one or more conceptions. Compared with previous studies, this investigation shows better results of therapies. We interprete this to be caused in better possibilities of therapy, esp. the Kallikrein therapy.     

主动脉窦瘤破裂外科治疗的临床研究

目的　探讨主动脉窦瘤破裂局部病理改变及其合并主动脉瓣关闭不全的手术方法。方法　 3 6例主动脉窦瘤破裂 (RASV)合并主动脉瓣关闭不全 (AI) 15例、室间隔缺损 (VSD) 2 6例。补片修补 3 5例 ,其中合并VSD的均以一片法修补 ,合并AI的主动脉瓣置换 (AVR) 6例 ,主动脉瓣成形 4例。手术取材作病理检查 5例。结果　本组 3 6例中手术死亡 2例 ( 5 .6% )。存活的 3 4例病人均经门诊复查或通信随访 0 .3～ 18年 ,其中 2例死亡。病理检查见RASV合并VSD的瘤壁为纤维素样坏死或玻璃样变性。结论　主动脉窦壁纤维素样或玻璃样变性可能是其形成的病理基础。合并主动脉瓣关闭不全时应探查其病变程度 ,酌情一期矫正 ,瓣膜损伤明显时宜行主动脉瓣置换 ,对主动脉瓣环细小的病例 ,可借修补VSD和RASV的补片扩大主动脉瓣环。     

骨盆骨折的治疗进展

对于骨盆骨折的治疗 ,传统方法以卧硬板床 ,股骨髁上持续骨牵引 ,骨盆兜等保守治疗为主 ,常常引起下肢不等长 ,骶髋痛 ,步态失常等而严重影响生活质量 ,同时长期卧床易引发肺部感染、褥疮、应激性溃疡、泌尿系统结石等并发症而危及生命。下面就骨盆骨折的治疗进展作一综述。1     

Oddi括约肌肌电活动实验模型的建立

目的建立研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动的动物模型和实验方法。方法将双极金属钩状电极通过浆膜层置入Oddi括约肌，记录不同条件干预下家兔的Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号，调整电生理实验参数并经放大、滤波及计算机处理后，对其大小、波形、幅度进行分析。结果不同条件干预下的家兔Oddi括约肌的肌电活动在波形、频率、幅度等方面均有明显的不同，具有明显的规律性。重复实验可得到相似的结果。结论使用双极金属钩状电极配以合理的电生理实验参数调整可以稳定地采集到在体的家兔Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号。这为今后广泛、深入地研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动搭建了一个技术平台。