动态增强MRI肾图评估慢性乙型肝炎早期肾损害的价值

目的:探讨动态增强(DCE) MRI测量慢性乙型肝炎相关性早期肾损害患者肾小球滤过率(GFR)的准确性.方法:21例慢性持续性HBV肝炎纳入本前瞻性研究,所有患者均进行DCE-MRI检查、核素肾图检查和生化检查,获得GFRMRI、GFRSPECT和临床估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR).以GFRSPECT为金标准,采用配对t检验、Pearson相关性分析和Bland-Altman分析评价GFRMRI、eGFR和GFRSPECT相关性和一致性.结果:eGFR与GFRSPECT差异具有统计学意义(t=4.615,P=0.00),GFRMRI与GFRSPECT差异无统计学意义(t=1.872,P=0.08).GFRMRI与GFRSPECT之间(r=0.83,P＜0.001)较eGFR与GFRSPECT(r=0.57,P=0.01)具有更好的相关性.在Bland-Altman分析中,GFRMR与GFRSPECT结果的差值(5.4±13.3) mL/min较eGFR与GFRSPECT的差值(22.0±21.9) mL/min小,提示GFRMR与GFRSPECT一致性更高.结论:作为反映慢性乙型肝炎早期肾损害的重要指标,DCE-MRI获得的GFR结果较eGFR具有更好的准确性.     

增强FLAIR T2WI诊断脑膜转移瘤的价值

目的:探讨脑膜转移瘤的MRI表现及增强后FLAIR序列T2WI的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析20例脑膜转移瘤患者的病例资料,其中硬脑膜转移瘤5例,软脑膜转移瘤15例。所有病例行常规MRI平扫及SE T1WI和FLAIR序列T2WI增强扫描并进行对比分析。结果:MRI平扫检出6例,病灶边界均显示不清;MRI增强扫描检出所有病例,SE-T1WI上病变主要表现为脑膜的线状和/或结节状强化,FLAIR T2WI对软脑膜转移瘤病灶范围的显示更清楚,可鉴别强化的血管与病变。结论:MRI增强扫描是诊断脑膜转移瘤的重要检查方法,增强后FLAIR序列T2WI与SE T1WI同时使用,可提高对软脑膜转移瘤的检出率及诊断准确性。     

T1 WI SPIR增强MRI在肛瘘中的应用价值

目的通过T1WI频谱预饱和反转恢复序列(SPIR)钆增强MRI与其他常规MRI序列比较,评估增强T1WI SPIR MRI在使用肛肠水囊肛瘘患者中的临床应用价值。资料与方法16例经手术证实的肛瘘患者术前均行MRI检查,序列包括横断位T1WI、T2WI频谱选择性衰减反转恢复序列(SPAIR)和钆增强T1WI SPIR。检查前,均向患者肛管直肠内置入肛肠水囊以撑开肛管和直肠。评估和比较MRI各序列显示的瘘管、内口、瘘管分支及脓腔。结果MRI显示复杂性肛瘘11例,其中高位复杂性肛瘘6例,单纯性5例。对比增强T1WI SPIR MRI发现瘘管(100.0%)、内口(81.3%)、分支(81.3%)和脓腔(100.0%)的准确率较T1WI及T2WI SPAIR MRI为高。Kruskal-Wallis检验显示上述各序列对内口显示的差异有显著统计学意义(χ2=15.9,P=0.003)。对比增强T1WISPIR MRI显示内口最多。结论横断位钆增强T1WI SPIR序列在使用肛肠水囊后能提供患者瘘管更丰富的细节,提高肛瘘诊断的准确率。     

MRI脂肪抑制和增强技术在诊断眼眶疾病中的应用

目的 研究磁共振脂肪抑制技术和钆喷替酸菊甲胺（Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡ）增强造影在眼眶病变中的应用及其价值。方法 对８５例眼球和眶内病变分别行平扫、使用脂肪抑制技术和（或）Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡ增强扫描,并比较分析使用脂肪抑制技术前后以及增强扫描对病变的显示情况。结果 ８５例眼球和眶内病变的边缘、轮廓和范围及其周围正常结构的关系在使用脂肪抑制技术后的扫描序列上较在未使用该技术的序列上显示得准确清楚。７例视神经不增粗     

T_2WI肝门区淋巴结和慢性乙型肝炎的关系

目的:探讨T2WI肝门区淋巴结与慢性乙肝炎症活动度(G)和纤维化程度(S)的关系。方法:经病理证实的慢性乙型肝炎32例,健康成人18例(对照组)。在MR脂肪抑制T2WI上观察肝门区短径>5mm淋巴结的数目、大小和相对信号强度,并分析其与慢性乙型肝炎G和S的关系。结果:肝门区短径>5mm的淋巴结预示G2及以上炎症活动(P<0.05),淋巴结数目≥2为最佳诊断点,敏感度和特异度分别为79.31%和90.47%;淋巴结的存在与S无关。淋巴结的大小与G有相关性(r=0.362,P=0.010),与S无相关性(r=-0.046,P=0.753);淋巴结的相对信号强度与G(r=0.260,P=0.071)和S(r=0.031,P=0.831)均无相关性。淋巴结的大小预示G2及以上炎症活动准确性较高(ROC曲线下面积=0.920,P<0.001),以>90mm2为最佳诊断点,敏感度和特异度分别为89.66%和80.95%。结论:MR脂肪抑制T2WI能显示慢性乙肝肝门区肿大淋巴结。肝门区出现2个及以上、短径>5mm淋巴结或淋巴结大小>90mm2提示G2及以上炎症活动。     

磁共振动态增强和脂肪抑制技术在胰腺癌诊断中的价值

目的 了解磁共振动态增强和脂肪抑制技术在胰腺诊断中的价值。材料与方法 １８例经手术病理证实的胰腺癌患者进行了磁共振检查,采用在磁共振序列分别为：ＳＥＴ１ＷＩ、ＦＳＥＴ２ＷＩ、脂肪抑制技术ＳＥＴ１ＷＩ和动态增强ＦＭＰＳＰＧＲ等。结果 １８例胰腺癌肿瘤病灶,在ＳＥＴ１ＷＩ上呈低信号者１０例,等信号者６例,高信号者２例;ＦＳＥＴ２ＷＩ上高信号者８例,等信号者６例,低信号者４例;脂肪抑制技术ＳＥＴ１ＷＩ上     

MR T_2 WI肝脏信号强度指标评估慢性乙型肝炎的价值

目的探讨MR脂肪抑制T2WI肝脏信号强度指标(SII)评估慢性乙型肝炎炎症活动度(G)和纤维化程度(S)的价值。资料与方法慢性乙型肝炎患者32例,正常18例。扫描序列主要为脂肪抑制T2WI,肝脏SII为肝脏与右侧背肌信号强度之比。结果肝脏SII平均0.966±0.172。多因素方差分析G分组F=8.608,P=0.000;S分组F=4.032,P=0.009;G和S交互作用F=2.374,P=0.050。偏相关示SII与G间r=0.622,P=0.000;与S间r=-0.361,P=0.011。接受者工作特性(ROC)曲线示SII诊断中重度肝炎曲线下面积=0.925,P=0.000,最佳诊断界点SII=0.97。结论 MR脂肪抑制T2WI肝脏SII与慢性乙型肝炎炎症活动度呈显著正相关,其判断中重度炎症活动的值为>0.97。     

薄层轴位T2WI脂肪抑制序列对胆总管下段结石的诊断价值

目的 评价薄层轴位T2WI脂肪抑制序列对胆总管下段结石的诊断价值.资料与方法 搜集2006年1月至2007年8月临床可疑胆总管下段结石97例,均行上腹部常规MRI、磁共振胰胆管水成像MRCP检查,同时对感兴趣区行薄层扫描.比较增加薄层扫描前后对胆总管下段结石的诊断符合率.所有病例均经手术或ERCP证实.结果 常规扫描诊断符合率为76.29%,增加薄层扫描后符合率为94.85%,两者之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.52,P＜0.05).结论 薄层扫描可提高胆总管下段结石的诊断符合率,有助于小结石、小肿瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断.     

HRCT和MRI对慢性中耳炎的诊断价值

目的 探讨HRCT及MRI对慢性中耳炎的诊断价值。资料与方法 回顾性分析经病理及临床证实的72例慢性中耳炎的HRCT和MRI表现，并进行对比分析。结果 HRCT显示听小骨链破坏。移位（33/61），中耳乳突骨质破坏（33/61），乳突气房消失（54/61），鼓室及鼓窦黏膜增厚，积液（55/61），乙状窦，鼓室盖破坏及半规管瘘（4/61），HRCT也能显示鼓室内及外耳道异常软组织影，MRI不能显示岩骨细微的骨质结构。渗出性慢性中耳炎显示长T1长T2信号影（10/10）。肉芽肿型中耳炎显示为T1长T2信号影（4/6）或短T1长T2信号影（2/6），增强后明显强化，胆脂瘤型中耳炎表现为短T1长T2信号（7/11）或等T1长T2信号（4/11），增强后不强化或环形强化。结论 HRCT显示听小骨及乳突骨质结构较佳。对手术及听力恢复有指导意义。MRI则能确定软组织病变性质，可区别肉芽组织和胆脂瘤。     

定量动态增强MRI在宫颈癌诊断、分型和分期中的价值

【摘要】目的：探讨定量动态增强磁共振成像（DCE-MRI）在宫颈癌诊断、分型、分期中的价值。方法：选取宫颈癌患者68例为宫颈癌组,同时选取因卵巢或膀胱类疾病行定量DCE-MRI检查的患者30例为健康宫颈组。比较健康宫颈组与宫颈癌组间相关定量DCE-MRI参数水平的差异;比较宫颈癌不同病理分型、不同分期患者间相关定量DCE-MRI参数水平的差异;分析宫颈癌患者分期与定量DCE-MRI参数水平间的相关性。结果：宫颈癌组织的Ktrans为（0.329±0.134）mm-1,Kep为（0.603±0.121）mm-1,Ve为（0.613±0.142）,显著高于健康宫颈组织的Ktrans（0.036±0.017）mm-1、Kep（0.195±0.109）mm-1、Ve（0.301±0.157）,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;Ktrans、Kep、Ve的组内相关系数分别为0.76、0.68、0.41,提示测量结果较为稳定。腺癌患者的Ktrans为（0.301±0.126）mm-1,Kep为（0.542±0.168）mm-1,显著高于鳞癌患者的Ktrans（0.506±0.139）mm-1、Kep（0.716±0.194）mm-1,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;鳞癌患者的VE为（0.571±0.142）,与腺癌患者的Ve（0.652±0.136）相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。宫颈癌Ⅰ期患者的Ktrans为（0.209±0.116）mm-1,Kep为（0.461±0.198）mm-1,Ve为（0.468±0.124）;宫颈癌Ⅱ期患者的Ktrans为（0.329±0.124）mm-1,Kep为（0.572±0.185）mm-1,Ve为（0.592±0.163）;宫颈癌Ⅲ期患者的Ktrans为（0.397±0.138）mm-1,Kep为（0.662±0.174）mm-1,Ve为（0.608±0.152）;不同分期患者的Ktrans、Kep水平差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,Ktrans、Kep水平随着患者的分期增加而逐渐增大;不同分期患者的Ve水平也随着患者的分期增加而增大,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：定量DCE-MRI参数可辅助临床进行宫颈癌的诊断及分期评估,对临床制定更为合理的治疗干预方案具有重要意义。     

扩散峰度成像评估慢性乙型肝炎患者肝炎活动度的价值

目的探讨扩散峰度成像评估慢性乙型肝炎患者肝炎活动度的可行性及价值.资料与方法回顾性分析2015年12月—2018年2月天津市第一中心医院52例有肝脏穿刺病理结果的慢性乙型肝炎患者(研究组)和24例健康志愿者(对照组)的肝脏扩散峰度成像资料,并收集研究组的肝功能实验室指标.测量所有研究对象的肝脏平均扩散率(MD)和平均峰...     

3.0 T磁共振3D CUBE T2 WI抑脂序列对肛瘘的诊断价值

目的 探讨3.0T常规MRI T2 WI抑脂序列联合三维超长回波链采集FSE(3D CUBE) T2 WI抑脂序列对肛瘘患者的临床诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析33例经手术证实的肛瘘患者术前常规MRI T2WI抑脂序列及3DCUBE T2 WI抑脂序列资料.比较两种技术评价肛瘘分型、瘘管支数、内口总数、外口数目、肛周脓肿和瘘管整体的优势,并与手术结果相对照.结果 手术发现33例肛瘘中,经括约肌瘘14例,括约肌间瘘10例,括约肌外瘘8例,括约肌上瘘1例.瘘管支数52个,内口45个,外口48个,肛周脓肿30个.常规MRI T2WI抑脂序列与常规MRI T2WI抑脂序列联合3D CBUE T2WI抑脂序列肛瘘的分型准确率分别为78.8％ (26/33)和87.9％ (29/33),差别无统计学意义(JP＞0.05);瘘管支数显示率分别为71.2％(37/52)和90.4％ (47/52),内口总数显示率分别为71.1％ (32/45)和91.1％ (41/45),差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两种技术显示外口数目和肛周脓肿与手术结果一致.结论 常规MRI T2WI抑脂序列联合3D CUBE T2WI抑脂序列能准确显示瘘管支数、内口总数和瘘管整体,优于常规MRI T2 WI抑脂序列,为临床术前提供更详尽的影像解剖信息.     

线粒体脑肌的MRI表现特征及其诊断价值

目的:总结线粒体脑肌病的MRI表现特征并分析磁共振在线粒体脑肌病诊断中的价值。方法:搜集2005年1月～2007年7月经临床及病理证实的线粒体脑肌病患者资料21例,男5例,女16例。所有病例均行常规MRI检查(平扫加增强扫描),7例患者行磁共振波谱检查。结果:21例中有17例患者脑内病灶均表现为T1WI低信号、T2WI高信号,病变主要累及颞、顶、枕叶皮层、及深部灰质核团(以基底节多见),部分患者伴有不同程度的脑萎缩,病灶对称或不对称,且具有多发性,迁移性和与血管分布区不一致性;4例患者头部常规扫描仅见轻度脑萎缩。FLAIR及DWI序列能更清楚和准确显示较隐匿的病灶,7例磁共振波谱检查表现为病变区、无信号异常的脑区和/或脑室系统均可见较特征性的乳酸峰。结论:线粒体脑肌病的MRI表现有一定的特征性,磁共振成像(包括DWI、FLAIR、MRS)在线粒体脑肌病的诊断、鉴别诊断以及对该病代谢物改变的检测方面均具有重要的价值。     

慢性乙型肝炎肝功能损害的DWI初步研究

目的:探讨弥散加权成像在无创性评价慢性乙型肝炎患者肝功能损害程度中的临床价值.方法:17例慢性乙型肝炎患者,其中男13例,女4例,年龄26 ～ 77岁,平均年龄42.29岁.以11例无肝病病史的正常成人作为正常对照组,其中男3例,女8例,年龄34～ 71岁,平均年龄45.5岁.对慢性乙型肝炎患者肝脏弥散加权成像中肝实质...     

Segmental Difference of the Hepatic Fibrosis from Chronic Viral Hepatitis due to Hepatitis B versus C Virus Infection: Comparison Using Dual Contrast Material-Enhanced MRI

Objective

We wanted to identify the geographic differences in hepatic fibrosis and their associations with the atrophy-hypertrophy complex in patients with chronic viral hepatitis using the dual-contrast material-enhanced MRI (DC-MRI) with gadopentetate dimeglumine and ferucarbotran.

Materials and Methods

Patients with chronic C (n = 22) and B-viral hepatitis (n = 35) were enrolled for determining the subjective grade of fibrosis (the extent and thickness of fibrotic reticulations) in the right lobe (RL), the caudate lobe (CL), the medial segment (MS) and the lateral segment (LS) of the liver, with using a 5-grade scale, on the gradient echo T2^*-weighted images of DC-MRI. The fibrosis grades of different segments were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by post-hoc analysis to establish the segment-by-segment differences. The incidences of two pre-established morphologic signs of cirrhosis were also compared with each other between the two groups of patients.

Results

There were significant intersegmental differences in fibrosis grades of the C-viral group (p = 0.005), and the CL showed lower fibrosis grades as compared with the grades of the RL and MS, whereas all lobes were similarly affected in the B-viral group (p = 0.221). The presence of a right posterior hepatic notch was significantly higher in the patients with intersegmental differences of fibrosis between the RL and the CL (19 out of 25, 76%) than those without such differences (6 out of 32, 19%) (p < 0.001). An expanded gallbladder fossa showed no significant relationship (p = 0.327) with the segmental difference of the fibrosis grades between the LS and the MS.

Conclusion

The relative lack of fibrosis in the CL with more advanced fibrosis in the RL can be a distinguishing feature to differentiate chronic C-viral hepatitis from chronic B-viral hepatitis and this is closely related to the presence of a right posterior hepatic notch.     

MRI在评价慢性乙型病毒性肝炎随访人群肝脏炎症及纤维化程度中的价值

目的探讨MRI影像特征对于慢性乙型病毒性肝炎随访人群肝脏炎症及纤维化程度评估的价值。方法搜集接受腹部MRI检查和肝脏穿刺活检的慢性乙型病毒性肝炎定期随访患者51例,对MRI 5组征象进行有或无评价:肝实质T2WI信号增高、肝内门静脉周围间隙增宽、胆囊壁增厚水肿、肝周淋巴结、肝实质异常强化,其结果与肝脏穿刺活检病理炎症(G1、G2、G3)和纤维化(S1、S2、S3)程度分级进行比较。结果肝实质T2WI信号增高在G1/G2/G3(4/6/15,χ^2=13.456,P=0.001)、G2/G3(6/15,χ^2=8.407,P=0.004)、G1/G3(4/15,χ^2=11.691,P=0.001)、S1/S2/S3(4/12/9,χ^2=8.262,P=0.016)、S1/S2(4/12,χ^2=5.546,P=0.0019)、S1/S3(4/9,χ^2=6.850,P=0.009)各组比较中差异具有统计学意义。肝实质异常强化在S1/S2(3/10,χ^2=4.677,P=0.031)比较中差异具有统计学意义。肝内门静脉周围间隙增宽在G1/G2/G3(0/0/4/χ^2=7.957,P=0.019)、G2/G3(0/4,χ^2=4.265,P=0.039)各组比较中差异具有统计学意义。肝脏周围淋巴结在G1/G2/G3(1/7/11,χ^2=11.07,P=0.004)、G1/G2(1/7,χ^2=5.475,P=00019)、G1/G3(1/11,χ^2=11.163,P=0.001)各组比较中差异具有统计学意义。结论肝实质T2WI信号增高提示明显的肝脏炎症(G>2级)及纤维化程度较高(2级)。肝脏周围淋巴结的出现提示肝脏炎症活动度较高(G2级),与肝纤维化程度无关。肝内门静脉周围间隙增宽提示明显的肝脏炎症(G>2级)。     

MR扩散加权成像在慢性肾病诊断中的价值分析

目的 探讨MR扩散加权成像(DWI)在慢性肾病(CKD)诊断中的价值. 资料与方法 对25例CKD患者25例正常人行肾脏DWI,比较分析肾脏表观扩散系数(ADC)值间的差异,分析肾脏ADC值与血清肌酐水平的关系. 结果 正常组双肾ADC值差异无统计学意义;正常组男女志愿者肾脏的ADC值差异无统计学意义.病例组双肾ADC值差异无统计学意义;病例组男女患者肾脏ADC值差异无统计学意义.正常组肾脏ADC值为(2.53±0.24)×10-3 mm2/s,病例组肾脏ADC值为(2.40±0.31)×10-3 mm2/s,两组间肾脏ADC值差异有统计学意义.早期肾功能损害组与正常组肾脏ADC值差异无统计学意义;中晚期肾功能损害组与正常组肾脏ADC值间差异有统计学意义.CKD患者肾脏ADC值与血清肌酐水平呈轻度负相关. 结论 肾脏DWI可用于慢性肾病的诊断,在中期肾功能损害诊断方面具有一定价值.     

Uterine Artery Embolization for Symptomatic Fibroids with High Signal Intensity on T2-Weighted MR Imaging

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of uterine artery embolization (UAE) for treating symptomatic fibroids with high signal intensity (SI) on magnetic resonance (MR) T2-weighted imaging (T2WI).

Materials and Methods

A total of 537 cases, consisting of 14 patients with high SI fibroids on T2WI (T2 high group), were retrospectively included and compared with 28 randomly selected patients with low SI fibroids on T2WI (control group). High SI of a predominant fibroid on T2WI was defined as having the same or higher SI than the myometrium. Patient ages ranged from 28 to 52 years (mean, 38.1 years). All patients underwent MRI before and after UAE. Predominant fibroid and uterine volumes were calculated with MR images. Symptom status in terms of menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea was scored on a scale of 0-10, with 0 being no symptoms and 10 being the baseline, or initial symptoms.

Results

Of the patients in the T2 high group, 13 out of 14 (92.9%) patients demonstrated complete necrosis of the predominant fibroids. The mean volume reduction rates of the predominant fibroids in the T2 high group was 61.7% at three months after UAE, which was significantly higher than the volume reduction rates of 42.1% noted in the control group (p < 0.05). Changes in symptom scores for menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea after UAE (baseline score minus follow-up score) were 4.9 and 7.5 in T2 high group and they were 5.0 and 7.7 in control group, suggesting a significant resolution of symptoms (p < 0.01) in both groups but no significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion

UAE is effective for uttering fibroids showing high SI on T2WI. The mean volume reduction rate of the predominant fibroids three months after UAE was greater in the T2 high group than in the control group.     

MR Imaging of the Spine at 3.0T with T2-Weighted IDEAL Fast Recovery Fast Spin-Echo Technique

Objective

To compare the iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and the least-squares estimation (IDEAL) method with a fat-saturated T2-weighted (T2W) fast recovery fast spin-echo (FRFSE) imaging of the spine.

Materials and Methods

Images acquired at 3.0 Tesla (T) in 35 patients with different spine lesions using fat-saturated T2W FRFSE imaging were compared with T2W IDEAL FRFSE images. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)-efficiencies measurements were made in the vertebral bodies and spinal cord in the mid-sagittal plane or nearest to the mid-sagittal plane. Images were scored with the consensus of two experienced radiologists on a four-point grading scale for fat suppression and overall image quality. Statistical analysis of SNR-efficiency, fat suppression and image quality scores was performed with a paired Student''s t test and Wilcoxon''s signed rank test.

Results

Signal-to-noise ratio-efficiency for both vertebral body and spinal cord was higher with T2W IDEAL FRFSE imaging (p < 0.05) than with T2W FRFSE imaging. T2W IDEAL FRFSE demonstrated superior fat suppression (p < 0.01) and image quality (p < 0.01) compared to fat-saturated T2W FRFSE.

Conclusion

As compared with fat-saturated T2W FRFSE, IDEAL can provide a higher image quality, higher SNR-efficiency, and consistent, robust and uniform fat suppression. T2W IDEAL FRFSE is a promising technique for MR imaging of the spine at 3.0T.