游泳治疗新生儿毒性红斑效果观察

[目的]探讨游泳对新生儿毒性红斑的治疗作用.[方法]将192例发生毒性红斑的新生儿随机分为观察组和对照组,各96例.两组新生儿每日常规用38℃～40℃温水沐浴1次,洗浴后用干净毛巾擦干,用75%乙醇消毒脐部,适当包裹.观察纽除此之外从发生毒性红斑第1天起由具有水疗资格的护士帮助新生儿游泳,严格控制室温在26℃～28℃,水温在37℃～38℃,在喂奶1h后进行,每天2次,每次10 min～15 rain.[结果]观察组新生儿毒性红斑消退明显早于对照组,脓疱疮发生率低于对照组.[结论]游泳可促进新生儿毒性红斑的消退.     

Complex liver retransplantation to treat graft loss due to long-term biliary tract complication after liver transplantation: A case report

BACKGROUND Loss of graft function after liver transplantation(LT) inevitably requires liver retransplant. Retransplantation of the liver(Re LT) remains controversial because of inferior outcomes compared with the primary orthotopic LT(OLT).Meanwhile, if accompanied by vascular complications such as arterial and portal vein(PV) stenosis or thrombosis, it will increase difficulties of surgery. We hereby introduce our center’s experience in Re LT through a complicated case of ReLT.CASE SUMMARY We report a patient who suffered from hepatitis B-associated cirrhosis and underwent LT in December 2012. Early postoperative recovery was uneventful.Four months after LT, the patient’s bilirubin increased significantly and he was diagnosed with an ischemic-type biliary lesion caused by hepatic artery occlusion. The patient underwent percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage and repeatedly replaced intrahepatic biliary drainage tube regularly for 5 years.The patient developed progressive deterioration of liver function and underwent liver re-transplant in January 2019. The operation was performed in a classic OLT manner without venous bypass. Both the hepatic artery and PV were occluded and could not be used for anastomosis. The donor PV was anastomosed with the recipient’s left renal vein. The donor hepatic artery was connected to the recipient’s abdominal aorta. The bile duct reconstruction was performed in an end-to-end manner. The postoperative process was very uneventful and the patient was discharged 1 mo after retransplantation.CONCLUSION With the development of surgical techniques, portal thrombosis and arterial occlusion are no longer contraindications for ReLT.     

Fear can be more harmful than the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in controlling the corona virus disease 2019 epidemic

The current corona virus disease 2019 outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 started in Wuhan,China in December 2019 and has put the world on alert.To safeguard Chinese citizens and to strengthen global health security,China has made great efforts to control the epidemic.Many in the global community have joined China to limit the epidemic.However,discrimination and prejudice driven by fear or misinformation have been flowing globally,superseding evidence and jeopardizing the anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 efforts.We analyze this phenomenon and its underlying causes and suggest practical solutions.     

Chidamide based combination regimen for treatment of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T cell lymphoma following radical operation:Two case reports

BACKGROUND Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T cell lymphoma(MEITL)is a rare extranodal T-cell lymphoma that has uniformly aggressive features with a poor prognosis.No standardized treatment protocols have been established.Previous experience has demonstrated favorable outcomes with combination chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant.However,many patients are unable to tolerate the toxicities.Chidamide is a new histone deacetylase inhibitor that has shown preferential efficacy in mature T-cell lymphoma.CASE SUMMARY We herein present two cases of MEITL who were both intermediate risk according to enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma prognostic index.Case one was a 61-year-old man.He complained of upper abdominal pain and intermittent black stool for 2 mo.Imaging examination revealed that the intestinal wall was thickened.He received a partial excision of the small intestine.A chidamidebased combination regimen was given postoperatively.Eleven months later,he presented with recurrence in the bilateral lungs.He passed away 15 mo after his diagnosis.Case two was a 35-year-old woman who complained of abdominal distention for 1 mo.Positron emission tomography/computed tomography demonstrated wall thickening of the small intestine and upper sigmoid colon.Colon perforation and septic shock occurred on the fourth day of her admission.She was treated by sigmoid colostomy.Chidamide-based combination therapy was then provided.She was recurrence-free for 6 mo until lesions were found in the bilateral brain and lived for 17 mo since her diagnosis.Compared to historical data,chidamide seems to improve the prognosis of MEITL slightly.CONCLUSION MEITL is a type of aggressive lymphoma.Chidamide is a new promising approach for the treatment of MEITL.     

Optimal use of fielder XT guidewire enhances the success rate of chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention

BACKGROUND Chronic total occlusion(CTO) is found in 18-31% of patients who undergo coronary angiography. Successful recanalization of CTOs is associated with reduced recurrent angina pectoris rates and increased long-term survival.Although the success rate of CTO percutaneous coronary intervention(CTO-PCI)has improved, CTO-PCI remains technically challenging. The Fielder XT guidewire was designed for CTO lesions. To validate whether the use of the guidewire increases the success rate, we compared the results of CTO-PCI with or without the guidewire. We hypothesized that the use of Fielder XT guidewire can increase the success rate of CTO-PCI.AIM To investigate whether the use of Fielder XT guidewire increases the final procedural success of CTO-PCI via the anterograde approach.METHODS Between January 2013 and December 2015, a retrospective study was conducted on 1230 consecutive patients with CTO who received PCI via the anterograde approach at the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command. The patients were divided into an XT Group(n = 686) and a no-XT Group(n = 544) depending on whether Fielder XT guidewire was used. Both groups were compared for clinical parameters, lesion-related characteristics, procedural outcomes and inhospital complications. The data were statistically analyzed using Pearson's χ~2 test for categorical variables, and Students' t test was used to compare the quantitative data. Significant independent factors and a risk ratio with 95%confidence interval(CI) were assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS In total, 1230 patients were recruited; 75.4% of the patients were male, and 55.8%of the patients were in the XT group. The overall success rate was 83.9%, with87.8% in the XT group. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, factors positively associated with procedural success were the use of Fielder XT guidewire(P = 0.005, 95%CI: 1.172-2.380) and systolic blood pressure(P = 0.011,95%CI: 1.003-1.022), while factors negatively associated with procedural success were blunt stump(P = 0.013, 95%CI: 1.341-11.862), male sex(P = 0.016, 95%CI:0.363-0.902), New York Heart Association(NYHA) class(P = 0.035, 95%CI: 0.553-0.979), contrast amount(P = 0.018, 95%CI: 0.983-0.998) and occlusion time(P =0.009, 95%CI: 0.994-0.999). No significant differences were found between the XT group and the no-XT group with respect to clinical parameters, lesion-related characteristics, coronary artery rupture [3(0.4%) vs 8(1.5%), P = 0.056], inhospital death [2(0.3%) vs 6(1.1%), P = 0.079] or in-hospital target lesion revascularization [3(0.4%) vs 7(1.3%), P < 0.099]. However, there were significant differences between the groups with respect to success rate [602(87.8%) vs 430(79.0%), P < 0.001], procedure time [(74 ± 23) vs(83 ± 21), P < 0.001], stent length[(32.0 ± 15.8) vs(37.3 ± 17.6), P < 0.001], contrast amount [(148 ± 46) vs(166 ± 43),P < 0.001], post-PCI myocardial infarction [43(6.3%) vs 59(10.8%), P = 0.004],major adverse cardiovascular event [44(6.4%) vs 57(10.7%), P = 0.007], side branch loss [31(4.5%) vs 44(8.1%), P = 0.009], contrast-induced nephropathy [29(4.2%) vs 40(7.4%), P = 0.018] and no reflow [8(1.2%) vs 14(2.9%), P = 0.034].CONCLUSION The use of Fielder XT guidewire shortens the Procedure and increases the success rate of CTO-PCI, and is also associated with reduced complication rates.     

聚肌胞结合中药治疗扁平疣60例临床观察

扁平疣,中医称扁瘊。为临床常见的良性病毒性皮肤病。皮损为米粒至绿豆大小的扁平坚实丘疹,略高出皮面,表面平滑,境界清楚,圆形、椭圆形,呈正常皮色或灰褐色,数量不等,好发于面部、手背等部位[1-2],不仅影响美观且具有传染     

1例妊娠合并尿路结石的护理

泌尿系统结石是由尿液中所含晶体和胶体形成的.一般先以血块、纤维蛋白、细胞碎屑、管型、细菌等各种异物为核心,然后尿液中的晶体和胶体围绕这一核心沉积,逐渐增多而形成结石[1].     

大剂量服用维生素A不安全

维生素A又称视黄醇,是一个具有酯环的不饱和一元醇,包括维生素A1、A2 两种.维生素A可由植物来源的β-胡萝卜素合成,故β-胡萝卜素也称为维生素A原.维生素A是构成视觉细胞中感受弱光的视紫红质的组成成分.维生素A只存在于动物性食物中,A1存在于哺乳动物及咸水鱼的肝脏中,而A2存在于淡水鱼的肝脏中,植物组织中尚未发现维生素A.维生素A具有多种生理功能,对视力、生长、上皮组织及骨骼的发育、精子的生成和胎儿的生长发育都是必需的.人体缺乏维生素A,会影响暗适应能力,导致儿童发育不良、皮肤干燥、干眼病、夜盲症等.     

Significant benefits of osimertinib in treating acquired resistance to first-generation EGFR-TKIs in lung squamous cell cancer: A case report

BACKGROUND Lung squamous cell cancer(LSCC)rarely harbors epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutations,even much rarer for acquired T790M mutation.Although clinical trials of AURA series illustrated that non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)with EGFR T790M mutation can benefit from osimertinib,only five LSCC patients were enrolled in total;moreover,the efficacy for LSCC was not shown in the results.Therefore,the response of LSCC to osimertinib is still unclear to date.CASE SUMMARY We report an LSCC case with T790M-related acquired resistance after treatments with first-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs)and benefited from osimertinib significantly.A 63-year-old Chinese man was diagnosed with stage IV(cT2N2M1b)LSCC harboring an EGFR exon 19-deletion mutation.Following disease progression after gefitinib and multi-line chemotherapy,rebiopsy was conducted.Molecular testing of EGFR by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction detected the exon 19-deletion without T790M mutation.Therefore,the patient was given erlotinib,but progression developed only 3 mo later.Then the frozen re-biopsy tissue was tested by next-generation sequencing(NGS),which detected an EGFR T790M mutation.However,he was very weak with symptoms of dysphagia and cachexia.Fortunately,osimertinib was started,leading to alleviation from the symptoms.Four months later,normal deglutition was restored and partial response was achieved.Finally,the patient achieved an overall survival time period of 29 mo.CONCLUSION Our findings highlight that EGFR T790M mutation may also be an important acquired drug resistance mechanism for LSCC and offer direct evidence of the efficacy of osimertinib in LSCC with T790M mutation.NGS and better preservation conditions may contribute to higher sensitivity of EGFR T790M detection.     

对男护士现状的分析

就近几年学校和社会中男护士的状况及出现的一些相关问题进行分析,以帮助他们正确看待自己的专业,解决一些疑惑,从而以良好的状态成功地走向工作岗位.     

韶关市农村留守儿童孤独感状况调查

目的了解广东省韶关市农村地区留守儿童孤独感现状及其影响因素。方法对韶关市某地区两所农村小学3～6年级学生中的489名留守儿童采用儿童孤独量表和自编调查表进行问卷调查。结果17．6％留守儿童存在孤独感，不同性别孤独感发生率无差异性，不同年龄及不同年级间孤独感发生率差异均有极显著性（P〈0.01）；随年级增加，孤独感发生率呈下降趋势（X^2趋势=5．970，P〈0.05）。留守儿童孤独感与健康状况、学习成绩、学习困难程度、父母教育方式、父母间关系和老师教育方式等因素显著相关（P〈0.01～0．05）。结论农村地区留守儿童中存在一定程度的孤独感问题，老师和家长应以正确的态度和方法对待留守儿童，以减少其孤独感的发生。     

产科新生儿不同部位经皮测黄报警预值的可靠性观察

目的对比观察产科新生儿不同部位经皮胆红素（TCB）报警预值的可靠性。方法132例产科新生儿采取随机数字分组法分为正常产组和剖宫产组各66例,新生儿均于产后第4天同一时间点应用KJ8000经皮测黄仪分别测量额、胸、腹、额胸、额胸腹TCB值,TCB〉12．9mg／dl者,取得亲属同意抽取静脉血检测血清胆红素（SB）,对比分析不同部位TCB及其与sB值的差异。结果两组分别有17例或21例达到TCB报警预值。两组TCB或sB相同方法及相同部位比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;两组TCB不同部位对比,额部值最低、胸部值最高,且与其他部位同组对比差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;两组sB值对比差异无统计学意义（t=1．53,P〉0．05）,与不同部位TCB对比均以胸部数值差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,而与其他部位TCB两组差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论正常产与剖宫产新生儿术后sB对比差异无意义;TCB动态监测以胸部结果更接近SB。     

肇庆市居民颈椎病流行病学调查

目的 :调查肇庆市居民颈椎病发病情况及相关问题。方法 :通过分层随机抽样选择该市区18～70岁居民5000人为研究对象 ,入户或至单位询问调查。结果 :该市居民颈椎病发病率为8.11% ,男女差异无显著性 ,随着年龄的增长 ,发病率逐渐增加。经多因素分析 :体位姿势不正确、情绪紧张、潮湿、疲劳是发病的主要诱因。结论 :该病严重影响肇庆市居民的健康 ,做好防治应从早做起 ,综合防治。     

中国人四肢瘫日常生活能力评定量表的信度研究

目的研究四肢瘫日常生活能力评定量表评测四肢瘫患者的重测信度及观察者间信度。方法由1位评定者应用四肢瘫日常生活能力评定量表对20例四肢瘫患者进行评定,评定后1周内再次对该患者进行评定;另1位评定者在第1位评定者初次评定后2 d内对该患者进行评定。结果第1位评定者两次评定总分的组内相关系数为0.994(P<0.01);第1位评定者与第2位评定者评定总分的组内相关系数为0.971(P<0.01)。结论四肢瘫日常生活能力评定量表具有良好的重测信度及观察者间信度。     

心力衰竭病人延续性护理现状调查

[目的]了解心力衰竭病人延续性护理实施现状,探讨心力衰竭病人延续性护理方法及发展方向。[方法]用自行设计的调查问卷对114例心力衰竭病人的一般资料、自我护理状况及生活质量进行调查。[结果]不同文化程度、性别、职业、婚姻状态的病人生活质量得分不同,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),病人出院后的延续性护理以家人照顾为主,自我护理状况不理想。[结论]延续性护理模式在我国尚属初步实施阶段,临床医护工作者应积极倡导实施,鼓励家属参与及进行社区护理干预提高病人自我护理能力,提高生活质量。     

Evaluation of the aesthetics of physical methods of euthanasia of anesthetized rats

Dissection of living brain tissue for in vitro experiments requires the use of a rapid euthanasia method. However, the method must not subject animals to unnecessary pain and must be aesthetically acceptable to experimenters. The purposes of the current study were to assess the aesthetics of 6 euthanasia methods, measure the procedure duration, and evaluate brain for pathology after each procedure. We digitally recorded euthanasia of isoflurane-anesthetized rats by 6 physical methods: anesthetic overdose, cardiac exsanguination, decapitation, closed intrathoracic transection of the great vessels and heart, thoracic percussion, and thoracotomy with rupture of great vessels. Volunteer researchers and animal caretakers watched the video and completed an associated questionnaire. Anesthetic overdose and cardiac exsanguinations were rated most aesthetically pleasing, although these procedures took the longest to complete. In contrast, decapitation and thoracic percussion were the least aesthetically pleasing, but these methods were the quickest. No demographic factor was identified that could predict whether a given euthanasia procedure would be favored for aesthetic reasons, and participants provided a wide variety of rationales for the aesthetic ratings they assigned. Although all of these euthanasia methods meet the criteria of approved methods of euthanasia of anesthetized rats as defined by the AVMA, aesthetic features and the scientific need for rapid euthanasia are both considerations in selecting a method.