液相等离子喷涂La2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2涂层的组织结构与性能

采用一定化学配比的ZrOCl2·8H2O、YCl3和LaCl3三种盐溶液合成前驱体溶胶作为等离子喷涂液体喂料,制备二元稀土氧化物氧化镧与氧化钇共稳定的氧化锆陶瓷涂层,并测试分析了该涂层的组织结构、高温相稳定性及隔热性能。结果表明,氧化镧与氧化钇共稳定的氧化锆陶瓷涂层具有良好的隔热性能及高温相稳定性。     

大气和低压等离子喷涂ZrO2-8%Y2O3涂层及性能研究

本研究采用大气等离子(APS)和低压等离子喷涂(LPPS)两种方法分别对成分为ZrO2-8%Y2O3的微粉球形造粒-烧结粉末(Spherical Spray Dried Sintered:SSS)和微粉粘接-破碎粉末(Mucilage Adhered Crushed:MAC)进行了喷涂实验。使用金相显微镜,X-Ray及维氏硬度仪等,分析了涂层的微观组织,相结构及硬度。结果表明,APS喷涂SSS粉末制备的涂层为多孔结构,气孔率高于20%,LPPS喷涂SSS粉末制备的涂层呈现纵向生长趋势。而对于MAC粉末,两种方法制备的涂层孔隙率明显低于SSS粉末制备的涂层,其中LPPS喷涂MAC粉末制备涂层的致密性和硬度更高。两种方法喷涂SSS粉末,涂层相组成与粉末相同,粉末与涂层中只含有T相,而APS和LPPS喷涂MAC粉末,涂层中出现了m相。     

溶液前驱体等离子喷涂热障涂层结构研究

以锆盐和钇盐水溶液为原料,采用常规等离子喷涂工艺和超音速等离子喷涂工艺制备出了均有垂直裂纹结构的SPPS热障涂层,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、显微硬度计和实验电阻炉,研究了SPPS涂层的微观结构、显微硬度及其高温热循环性能。结果表明:相比于常规等离子喷涂,超音速等离子喷涂工艺具有更高的能量和粒子飞行速度,在相同送料速率下,喷涂距离为50mm时SPPS涂层沉积速率为前者在喷涂距离为30mm时的2.3倍,SPPS涂层沉积致密度和显微硬度也高于前者,喷涂距离对SPPS涂层微观结构影响也相对较小,采用超声速等离子喷涂可在更大工艺范围内制备出性能较好的SPPS涂层。采用常规等离子喷涂工艺和超音速等离子喷涂工艺制备的SPPS涂层分别在1100℃下热循环1270h和970h后涂层完整。     

悬浮液等离子喷涂沉积热障涂层研究进展

悬浮液等离子喷涂（SPS）采用液相送料的方式,解决了纳米级粉末在热喷涂过程中送料困难的问题,同时,可沉积具有纳米级或亚微米级的柱状晶或垂直裂纹等结构的涂层。本文综述了近些年SPS制备热障涂层的相关研究进展。对SPS的原理和工艺特点进行了介绍;阐述了SPS制备热障涂层典型微结构,包括垂直裂纹和柱状晶结构的沉积机理;探讨了悬浮液特性（包括固含量、粘度、表面张力）、喷涂工艺参数（包括喷枪类型、喷涂距离）、基材表面粗糙度等对SPS沉积涂层微结构、热物理性能、热循环性能等的影响。最后,对SPS未来的发展及研究趋势进行了展望。     

大气等离子喷涂工艺对纳米结构和传统Yb2SiO5 涂层微观结构的影响

纳米材料由于具有一些独特的效果而表现出了独特的性能,纳米结构稀土硅酸盐被认为是很有前景的环境 障碍涂层 ( EBC ) 材料之一。稀土硅酸盐材料中Yb2SiO5 因其卓越的高温相稳定性、对水蒸气环境的耐久性、低 热导率以及优秀的化学稳定性受到了研究者们的广泛关注。本文研究了大气等离子喷涂工艺 ( APS ) 参数对纳米 结构和传统Yb2SiO5 涂层微观结构的影响,并研究了相同大气等离子喷涂工艺下,纳米结构Yb2SiO5 喂料和传统 Yb2SiO5 喂料对涂层微观结构的影响,分析了APS 制备过程中不同结构喂料对涂层结构影响机制。结果表明：相 同喷涂参数制备的纳米结构Yb2SiO5 涂层孔隙率低于传统Yb2SiO5 涂层,以及纳米结构Yb2SiO5 涂层的铺展性和 融化度均优于传统Yb2SiO5 涂层,表明纳米结构Yb2SiO5 涂层为很有前途的环境障碍涂层之一。     

等离子喷涂涂层的研究进展

本文介绍了等离子喷涂涂层的微观结构,力学性能,涂层表面处理及物理性能等国内外最新的研究进展。     

超音速等离子喷涂法制备PbTiO3涂层的表征

利用超音速等离子喷涂在调质45钢表面制备PbTiO3涂层,运用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)及能谱分析(EDS)等手段对所制备涂层的组织形貌和物相成分进行表征与分析;并利用显微硬度仪和纳米压痕仪对涂层的力学性能进行表征。结果表明:PbTiO3涂层表面为黄黑色,涂层光滑平整,孔隙率为1.5%;涂层为典型的层状结构,基体与PbTiO3涂层间的结合为机械结合,通过多个试样测量其结合强度的平均值为50.875MPa;纳米压痕仪测得涂层的表面硬度为7.858 GPa,弹性模量为139.308 GPa,显微硬度达到648.6HV0.1,涂层具有优良的力学性能;涂层主要成分为PbTiO3相。通过超音速等离子喷涂制备的涂层具有较好的综合性能,为后期在其表面沉积耐磨涂层打下了良好的基础。     

高效能超音速等离子喷涂射流与涂层特点

超音速等离子喷涂技术是热喷涂技术发展的重要方向之一。通过简化模型计算,比较了常见热喷涂技术的粒子飞行时间、等离子喷嘴喉口的能量密度,探讨了高效能超音速等离子喷涂典型陶瓷、易氧化纯金属、金属陶瓷复合材料、非晶材料等粒子飞行特征和涂层主要性能。结果表明:高效能超音速等离子喷涂技术(HEPJet)所具有的高温、高速双高特点,使其能够对各种熔点、易氧化、易失碳材料实现低成本、高效率、高质量的涂层制备,是一种非常具有应用潜力的热喷涂技术。     

大气和真空等离子喷涂钨涂层比较研究

应用大气和真空等离子喷涂技术制备钨涂层,对涂层形貌、氧含量、热导率、结合强度以及抗热冲击性能进行比较研究。研究结果表明,大气喷涂W涂层存在明显的氧化现象,而真空喷涂W涂层几乎没有发生氧化。与大气喷涂W涂层相比,真空喷涂W涂层具有更为致密的显微结构和较少的氧化物杂质,从而具有较高的热导率,与基体的结合也更加良好。通过高能电子束辐照实验,对涂层的抗热冲击性能进行考察,结果表明真空等离子喷涂W涂层具有较好的抗热冲击性能。     

粒子飞行速度对热障涂层结构和性能影响

采用常规等离子喷涂（APS）和超音速等离子喷涂（SAPS）两种工艺制备了热障涂层,研究表明：两种等离子射流中粒子表面温度相近,SAPS工艺中粒子飞行速度达到430m/s,比APS工艺（200m/s）粒子飞行速度提高1倍。由于SAPS工艺中等离子射流速度高,熔融粒子在等离子射流中产生雾化形成尺寸较小粒子,伴随粒子撞击基体的速度提高,增加了熔融粒子撞击基体能量,在基体上形成厚度薄和飞溅少的＂板条＂,加强了＂板条＂与基体或＂板条＂与＂板条＂间结合,消除了APS工艺制备的热障涂层中典型层状结构,使热障涂层结合强度和抗热震性能分别提高40%和1倍。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备La2Ce2O7:Eu3+及其发光性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法（Sol-gel）合成La₂Ce₂O₇:Eu3+系列红色荧光粉,并研究煅烧温度、Eu3+掺杂浓度以及不同种类电荷补偿剂对样品发光性能的影响.通过XRD、SEM、荧光光谱对样品的晶体结构、形貌以及发光性能进行测量和表征.结果表明:实验所得样品主晶相为La₂Ce₂O₇,属于萤石结构. Eu3+及电荷补偿剂的掺杂没有改变其晶体结构.合成的样品在467 nm蓝光激发下发出612 nm的红光.样品的发光强度随煅烧温度以及Eu3+掺杂浓度的提高先增强后减弱,样品的较优的煅烧温度为1 100 ℃,Eu3+较优的掺杂浓度为10 %（摩尔百分比）.掺入电荷补偿剂可以有效增强样品的发光强度,其中掺入Li+后发光增强的效果最显著.      

Synthesis kinetics and thermophysical properties of La_2（Zr_（0.7）Ce_（0.3））_2O_7 ceramic for thermal barrier coatings

La2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)2O7 (LZ7C3) ceramic was synthesized by solid state reaction with La2O3, ZrO2 and CeO2 as starting materials. The synthesis kinetics, phase structure, mass loss and microstructure were studied by thermo gravimetric-different thermal analyzer (TG-DTA), X-ray difference (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient were measured by laser-flash method and pushing-rod method, respectively. XRD results showed that LZ7C3 was a mixture of La2Zr2O7 (LZ, pyro- chlore) and La2Ce2O7 (LC, fluorite). The lowest synthesis temperature and time of LZ7C3 were 1400 oC and 5 h. There were no peaks of La2O3 when the powder granularity was about 0.82 μm in the synthesis process. The atom ratio La:Zr:Ce of prepared LZ7C3 powder was very close to 10:7:3 which was the theory value of LZ7C3. The thermal conductivity of LZ7C3 decreased gradually with the temperature increased up to 1200 oC, and was located within 0.79 to 1.02 W/(m·K), which was almost 50% lower than that of LZ, whereas its thermal expansion coefficient was larger and the value was 11.6×10-6 K-1.     

Influence of La2O3 addition on microstructure and wear resistance of Fe-Cr-C cladding formed by arc surface welding

The Fe-Cr-C claddings formed by arc surface welding with different La2O3 additions were investigated. The microstructures were observed by optical microscopy (OM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The phase structures were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The wear resistances of the claddings were tested by friction and wear experiment. On this basis, the carbide refinement mechanism by inclusion enriched with La was discussed theoretically. The results showed that, the microstructure of the Fe-Cr-C cladding consisted of primary (Cr,Fe)7C3 carbides and eutectic (γ-Fe+(Cr,Fe)7C3 ) structure. With La2O3 addition increasing, the primary carbides were refined, and the mass loss of the cladding decreased gradually. The Fe-Cr-C cladding with 4wt.% La2O3 addition had a best wear resistance behaviour. The RE inclusion LaAlO3 as heterogeneous nuclei of the primary M7C3 was medium effective, and could refine the M7C3 carbides. Besides, the wear resistance could be improved by adding La2O3 in the claddings.     

重型燃气轮机用La_2(Zr_(0.7)Ce_(0.3))_2O_7/YSZ双层热障涂层热循环性能研究

重型发电燃气轮机低排放、高效率的发展目标,要求燃气轮机透平的进气温度不断提高。热障涂层作为保护金属热端部件的重要手段,是实现这一目标的关键技术之一。目前世界上最先进的J级燃气轮机的透平进口温度已经达到1600℃,热端部件表面温度超过1250℃,传统的YSZ热障涂层已经不能满足这一发展需求,因此迫切需要开发温度更高、热导率更低的新型热障涂层。本文对La_2(Zr_(0.7)Ce_(0.3))_2O_7(以下简称LZ7C3)热障涂层在重型发电燃气轮机中的应用进行了初步验证。结果表明,LZ7C3涂层具有比常规YSZ热障涂层更低的热导率(0.79～0.48Wm~(-1)K~(-1),相对传统YSZ涂层下降30%以上),且在1250℃的高温火焰台架试验中表现出优良的热循环寿命( 7370次),具有良好的应用前景。     

La2O3-Mo阴极材料中La2O3稳定性研究

本文采用高温光电子能谱方法对La2O3-Mo阴极及碳化La2O3-Mo阴极材料表面La2O3的化学稳定性进行了研究。实验结果表明,La2O6并不具备文献报道的极好的化学稳定性。材料中的La2O3在高温、真空条件下,其部分晶格氧发生分离。La2O3可以被Mo2C还原成单质La。单质La的结合能高于La2O3的结合能。实验证实单质La3d5／2的结合能为835．96eV,并首次给出La3d3／2的结合能实验数值为852．23eV。     

Preparation of La（OH）3 and La2O3 with Rod Morphology by Simple Hydration of La2O3

Lanthanum hydroxide with rod-like morphology was synthesized with simple hydration processing via the hydration of its bulk oxide in normal water solution at boiling temperature. An XRD pattern shows the formation of the hexagonal phase of La（OH）3, indicating that the hydration process is very rapid. The as-prepared La（OH）3 is almost entirely with a needle- or rod-like shape with a width of 2 - 3 μm and a length of 5 - 8 μm. The mechanism of the formation of La（OH）3 with rod-like morphology was preliminarily presented. It is easier to expand the simple hydration process on a large scale than the hydrothermal process.     

Growth and interface of amorphous La2Hf2O7/Si thin film

Amorphous La2Hf2O7 thin films were deposited on Si(100) substrate by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method under different con-ditions. The interfacial states of the La2Hf2O7/Si films were studied by synchrotron X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and X-ray photoelectron spec-troscopy (XPS). When grown under vacuum condition, silicate, silicide and few SiOx were formed in the interface layer. However, the Hf-silicide formation could be effectively eliminated by the ambient oxygen pressure during film growth. The result revealed that the La2Hf2O7/Si interlayer was intimately related with growth condition. Insufficient supply of oxygen would cause Hf-silicide formation at the interface and it could be most effectively controlled by the ambient oxygen pressure during film growth.     

La2O3对ZrO2-Y2O3-Ta2O5陶瓷材料结构及性能的影响

采用固相合成法在氧化钇部分稳定氧化锆(YSZ)陶瓷材料的基础上引入氧化物Ta2O5以及稀土氧化物La2O3取代部分Y2O3,获得一种新型的La2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3-Ta2O5陶瓷材料。分别利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和STA-449C热膨胀仪对材料的物相组成、微观结构及热膨胀性能进行表征。结果表明,陶瓷材料的主晶相仍为四方相,晶粒尺寸减小,在RT～1200℃温度范围内热膨胀系数有所减小。     

等离子喷涂银基涂层性能研究

银基涂层作为一种减磨润滑涂层,具有良好的润滑性。本文采用大气等离子热喷涂方法在不锈钢基体上制备了银基涂层,并采用扫描电镜、灰度法、拉伸法、摩擦磨损等方法对涂层的微观结构、孔隙率、结合强度、硬度、摩擦系数、磨损量、耐蚀性能进行了研究。试验表明,在适当的喷涂工艺下制备的银基涂层组织致密,孔隙率低至0.55%,结合强度达50MPa以上,摩擦系数低至0.1683,耐腐蚀性能优异。     

Y2O3和La2O3对金属陶瓷内衬显微硬度和耐蚀性的影响

研究了钇、镧等添加物对金属陶瓷内衬显微硬度和耐蚀性的影响.结果表明加入Y2O3、La2O3和SiO2可使陶瓷层的孔隙度降低,一定程度上使耐蚀性增加.La2O3对提高陶瓷层性能的效果比Y2O3要好.