Developing a temporally land cover-based look-up table (TL-LUT) method for estimating land surface temperature based on AMSR-E data over the Chinese landmass

The land surface temperature (LST) is an important parameter when studying the interface between the atmosphere and the Earth's surface. Compared to satellite thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing, passive microwave (PMW) remote sensing is better able to overcome atmospheric influences and to estimate the LST, especially in cloudy regions. However, methods for estimating PMW LSTs at the country and continental scales are still rare. The necessity of training such methods from a temporally dynamic perspective also needs further investigations. Here, a temporally land cover based look-up table (TL-LUT) method is proposed to estimate the LSTs from AMSR-E data over the Chinese landmass. In this method, the synergies between observations from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and AMSR-E (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS), which are onboard the same Aqua satellite, are explored. Validation with the synchronous MODIS LSTs demonstrates that the TL-LUT method has better performances in retrieving LSTs with AMSR-E data than the method that uses a single brightness temperature in 36.5 GHz vertical polarization channel. The accuracy of the TL-LUT method is better than 2.7 K for forest and 3.2 K for cropland. Its accuracy varies according to land cover type, time of day, and season. When compared with the in-situ measured LSTs at four sites without urban warming in the Tibet Plateau, the standard errors of estimation between the estimated AMSR-E LST and in-situ measured LST are from 5.1 K to 6.0 K in the daytime and 3.1 K to 4.5 K in the nighttime. Further comparison with the in-situ measured air temperatures at 24 meteorological stations confirms the good performance of the TL-LUT method. The feasibility of PMW remote sensing in estimating the LST for China can complement the TIR data and can, therefore, aid in the generation of daily LST maps for the entire country. Further study of the penetration of PMW radiation would benefit the LST estimations in barren and other sparsely vegetated environments.     

Landsat 8地表温度反演及验证—以黑河流域为例

地表温度是区域和全球尺度地表物理过程的一个重要参数,目前已有的地表温度产品空间分辨率较低,缺乏高空间分辨率的地表温度产品。Landsat系列卫星提供了大量免费的高空间分辨率遥感数据,然而对应的高空间分辨率地表温度产品还未见到,为了获取长时间序列的高空间分辨率地表温度数据,针对Landsat 8 TIRS数据提出了一个物理单通道地表温度反演算法。该算法首先利用ASTER全球地表发射率产品(ASTER GED)结合Landsat 8地表反射率产品计算Landsat 8影像的地表发射率,然后利用快速辐射传输模型RTTOV结合MERRA大气廓线数据对热红外影像进行大气校正,最后利用物理单通道地表温度反演算法得到地表温度。利用黑河流域HiWATER试验2013年—2015年15个站点的实测地表温度数据对本文方法和普适性单通道算法进行了验证,同时对验证站点的空间异质性进行了分析。结果表明,本文方法和普适性单通道算法估算的地表温度整体精度均较高,能够获取高精度、高空间分辨率的地表温度数据,可以服务于城市热岛效应、地表蒸散发估算等相关研究。