面瓣的临床应用

本文总结了6例面部肿瘤或瘤样病变术后软组织缺损立即修复的经验。它着重讨论了应用带蒂的面部皮瓣或面部组织瓣修复邻位面部软组织缺损的三种修复方法。1.保存口裂唇红部的完整性、应用下唇面瓣双向推进移位修复下唇颏部缺损。2.颧面部扇叶状皮瓣旋转移位修复眶下面部缺损。3.下唇面瓣双向滑行修复下唇缺损。本文还就面瓣应用的优点和注意事项以及面瓣应用失败的主要因素进行了讨论。     

邻近皮瓣修复颌面部软组织缺损34例的临床应用

目的评价应用邻近皮瓣修复颌面部软组织缺损的临床效果。方法对34例颌面部软组织缺损创面术后分别采用推进皮瓣、旋转皮瓣等多种方法转移修复。结果34例患者术后创面均I期修复,术后外形满意。结论邻近皮瓣设计灵活,采用适当的方法修复颌面部软组织缺损可以取得良好效果。     

鼻唇沟皮瓣修复邻近部位缺损143例报告

鼻唇沟皮瓣在修复颌面部的部分缺损时，其颜色、质地、弹性等方面较游离皮片移植或远位皮瓣转移的修复效果理想，作者总结了１４３例鼻唇沟皮瓣修复下睑、鼻、唇、颊部分缺损的经验，对鼻唇沟皮瓣在颌面部部分缺损修复中的应用价值以及手术中应注意事项进行了较为详细的讨论。     

局部皮瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损24例临床报道

口腔颌面部软组织缺损在口腔颌面外科临床上较为常见,有关于口腔颌面部中小缺损的修复的相关报道有很多.多运用局部皮瓣进行修复,主要因修复后皮肤色泽相近似、形态修复良好的特点.临床上常用的颌面部局部皮瓣主要有鼻唇沟皮瓣、有携带上下唇动脉的的上下唇复合组织瓣等.由于鼻唇沟皮瓣位于颌面部的特定部位,而且有较为明确、丰富的血液供应、极易转移进入口腔;携带上下唇动脉的的上下唇复合组织瓣血液供应明确,组织瓣制作灵活、修复唇组织缺损方便,所以在临床上有着极高的使用价值,本文通过对临床24例口腔颌面部组织缺损病例的治疗体会,阐述鼻唇沟皮瓣等在临床上的运用.     

应用鼻唇沟皮瓣修复上唇部皮肤软组织缺损

目的:探讨上唇部皮肤软组织缺损修复的方法,评价鼻唇沟瓣在修复上唇部皮肤软组织的临床应用。方法:对于各种原因引起的上口唇部皮肤软组织缺损,鼻唇沟皮瓣以皮下蒂方式或局部旋转方式,根据损伤所在部位及大小,修复面部外伤所致的中小范围皮肤软组织缺损。结果:21例患者施行手术,皮瓣全部成活,修复后无明显瘢痕增生,外形恢复满意,皮瓣质地、色泽与周围皮肤接近。结论:鼻唇沟瓣取材方便,供区瘢痕隐蔽,畸形不明显,无收缩变形.是修复上口唇部皮肤组织缺损的较理想方法。     

鼻唇沟皮瓣在鼻面部缺损修复中的应用

目的:探讨鼻面缺损修复的方法,评价鼻唇沟瓣在修复鼻面部缺损的临床应用。方法:22例应用鼻唇沟瓣修复其鼻面部组织缺损,缺损面积1.0 cm×1.5 cm~3.0 cm×4.0 cm。皮瓣沿鼻唇沟走行方向设计,蒂宽1.0~1.5 cm,长度根据缺损范围确定,长宽比例不超过5:1。结果:22例皮瓣全部成活,外形恢复满意,皮瓣质地、色泽与周围皮肤接近。结论:鼻唇沟瓣取材方便,供区瘢痕隐蔽,畸形不明显,是修复鼻部及小面积面部缺损的理想方法。     

区域皮瓣在口腔颌面外科的临床应用

区域皮瓣用于修复口腔颌面部组织缺损，重建功能，改善外形效果较好。面瓣多用于口腔颌面部较少组织缺损；胸大肌肌皮瓣、胸锁乳突肌肌皮瓣多用于口腔颌面大块组织缺损以及器官再造的重建；胸三角皮瓣、额瓣、颞顶筋膜瓣常分别用于修复大面积皮肤组织缺损和颊粘膜组织缺损。本组病例区域皮瓣成功率为：面瓣９６％，胸大肌肌皮瓣８６％，胸锁乳突肌肌皮瓣８２％，胸三角皮瓣１００％，额瓣９６％，颞顶筋膜瓣１００％。     

鼻唇沟旋转皮瓣在上外侧唇缺损亚单位修复中的应用*

目的：探讨应用鼻唇沟旋转皮瓣对上外侧唇缺损按亚单位原则进行修复的方法及效果观察。方法：应用鼻唇沟旋转皮瓣修复上外侧唇大范围缺损5例，重建上唇外观并进行随访观察。结果：5例上外侧唇缺损患者经鼻唇沟旋转皮瓣修复后，皮瓣完全成活，创面一期愈合，经1个月～3年随访，皮瓣质地、色泽接近正常，瘢痕主要分布于上唇亚单位边界，位置隐蔽，上唇外观优良，效果满意。结论：应用鼻唇沟旋转皮瓣按亚单位原则修复上外侧唇大面积缺损是理想的治疗方法。     

鼻唇沟与颊组织瓣一期修复下唇大型缺损

目的：探讨下唇大型缺损的修复方法。方法：11例下唇缺损在1／2-2／3间，采用单侧鼻唇沟与颊组织瓣修复，7例缺损在2／3以上，采用双侧鼻唇沟与颊组织瓣修复。结果：18例患者采用上述方法修复，伤口全部一期愈合，下唇外形满意，功能恢复良好。结论：鼻唇沟与颊组织瓣修复下唇缺损，取材方便，血供丰富，口角不变形，下唇外形满意，功能恢复良好，是修复下唇大型缺损较理想的方法。     

应用鼻唇沟皮瓣修复鼻部组织缺损8例疗效分析

目的:探讨应用鼻唇沟皮瓣修复鼻部组织缺损的方法及疗效。方法:根据鼻部组织缺损的部位、范围、形态及鼻唇沟区域组织可利用情况,选择适合的鼻唇沟皮瓣I期修复鼻部组织缺损8例。结果:8例患者皮瓣全部成活,创面甲级愈合,鼻外形轮廓及视觉效果良好,鼻唇沟切口疤痕不明显,面部外观及功能保持良好。结论:鼻部中等大小缺损均可应用适合的鼻唇沟皮瓣修复,能取得满意的临床效果。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.