不同改性蒙脱土对聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料性能的影响

采用四种不同的改性剂对蒙脱土进行处理,在三单体固相接枝聚丙烯作用下,将聚丙烯与四种改性蒙脱土进行复合,制备聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料,研究了四种复合材料的结构与力学性能.结果表明,经十六烷基三甲基氯化胺或自制的长碳链带有反应基团的不饱和季胺盐改性的蒙脱土与聚丙烯复合可制备性能优良的纳米复合材料,从力学性能来说,十六烷基三甲基氯化铵改性蒙脱土的效果最好.     

用以合成高剥离型天然橡胶复合材料有机蒙脱土的制备及应用

合成出一种端羟基阳离子水性聚氨酯树脂,采用超声波助混技术将其插层到蒙脱土中,通过阳离子交换制备出含有端羟基高剥离度的有机蒙脱土(HOMMT),并将HOMMT应用到天然橡胶(NR)复合材料中,研究其对天然橡胶复合材料力学性能的影响。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、广角X射线衍射(XRD)、热失重分析(TGA)、透射电镜等检测手段分别对HOMMT结构性能进行分析表征,并用材料拉伸机、阿克隆磨耗机测试HOMMT/天然橡胶复合材料的力学性能。XRD结果表明,改性后的蒙脱土层间距由原来的1.21 nm增加到6.29 nm。FT-IR和TGA表明端羟基阳离子水性聚氨酯树脂大分子链插层于蒙脱土层间。加入剥离型有机蒙脱土后,由于层状硅酸盐纳米粒子的存在,NR复合材料的力学性能得到提高,耐磨性提高约14%。     

固相法改性蒙脱土在聚氯乙烯中的应用

采用插层剂季磷盐和KH-560硅烷偶联剂对钠基蒙脱土进行固相法改性得到有机蒙脱土,并通过熔融插层法制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料,通过哈克流变仪、X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)测试对比了钠基蒙脱土(MMT)和OMMT增强PVC复合材料的结构和性能。研究发现,蒙脱土、季磷盐与KH-560质量份为100∶10∶4时改性效果最佳,OMMT最佳用量为3份,PVC/OMMT3的流变性能明显优于PVC/MMT3,且PVC/OMMT材料中有机蒙脱土的层间距较大、层片分散更均匀。     

蒙脱土/碳纳米管组成对聚乙烯复合材料性能的影响

将改性的纳米蒙脱土(MMT)和官能化的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行复合,然后负载TiCl4催化组分,制备出纳米载体Ziegler-Natta催化剂,最后进行乙烯原位聚合得到含有多维纳米材料的聚乙烯基复合材料。通过调控纳米载体中两种材料的组成,研究蒙脱土/碳纳米管组成对纳米复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:纳米蒙脱土、改性碳纳米管复合作为催化剂的载体,能够得到高活性的乙烯聚合催化剂。两种纳米材料组成的改变,会影响聚乙烯复合材料的力学性能。当多壁碳纳米管与蒙脱土比例为1∶1时,所得到的复合材料的拉伸强度为38.7MPa。     

聚乙烯和纳米蒙脱土与淀粉共混改性研究进展

综述了近年来纳米蒙脱土和聚乙烯与淀粉共混改性制备可降解复合材料的方法和加工工艺。此外,还综述了淀粉的表面改性和相容剂加入、纳米蒙脱土的剥离和在基体树脂中的分散对共混复合材料的力学性能、热性能、耐水性能及材料的微观结构的影响。     

有机蒙脱土/丁腈橡胶-聚氯乙烯隔声复合材料的制备及性能

轻质隔声材料一直是隔声功能材料的研究热点.本研究以NBR-PVC为基料,通过纳米有机蒙脱土(OMMT)填充改性制备了有机蒙脱土/丁腈橡胶-聚氯乙烯隔声材料,并探讨了纳米有机蒙脱土添加量对材料面密度、力学性能、阻尼性能和隔声性能的影响.实验结果表明,当OMMT质量含量为3.73%时,OMMT/NBR-PVC复合材料的弹性模量、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率及阻尼性能综合最佳,其隔声指数可达32.6 dB.     

蒙脱土有机改性对丁基橡胶复合材料微观结构与性能的影响

采用季铵盐有机改性蒙脱土(OMMT)与丁基橡胶(IIR)机械共混和硫化制备成复合材料。研究了蒙脱土有机改性前后对复合材料的微观结构、力学和芥子气防护性能的影响。透射电镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)显示IIR/OMMT复合材料为插层型纳米复合材料,而IIR/MMT为未插层的微米复合材料。复合材料的微观结构和填料的界面活性对其力学性能影响重大,IIR/OMMT复合材料的力学性能明显优于IIR/MMT复合材料的力学性能。添加有机或无机蒙脱土都可使芥子气在丁基橡胶中的扩散系数显著降低。而芥子气在IIR/OMMT中的扩散系数更低,这显示出IIR/OMMT复合材料的芥子气防护性能更加优异。     

双马来酰亚胺/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及表征EI北大核心CSCD

利用有机蒙脱土(OMMT)对双马来酰亚胺(BMI)树脂进行改性制备纳米复合材料。采用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜对材料的微观结构进行表征,研究了纳米复合材料的弯曲性能、冲击性能以及动态力学性能。结果表明,当OMMT的质量分数为1%时,蒙脱土的片层被充分剥离,纳米复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲模量和冲击强度均达到最大值,冲击断口形貌显示材料由改性前的脆性断裂转变为韧性断裂。同时,纳米复合材料的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)也得到提高。     

双马来酰亚胺/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及表征

利用有机蒙脱土(OMMT)对双马来酰亚胺(BMI)树脂进行改性制备纳米复合材料。采用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜对材料的微观结构进行表征,研究了纳米复合材料的弯曲性能、冲击性能以及动态力学性能。结果表明,当OMMT的质量分数为1%时,蒙脱土的片层被充分剥离,纳米复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲模量和冲击强度均达到最大值,冲击断口形貌显示材料由改性前的脆性断裂转变为韧性断裂。同时,纳米复合材料的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)也得到提高。     

原位聚合法制备尼龙66/蒙脱土纳米复合材料及其性能

采用原位聚合法制备了尼龙66/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料,利用TEM观察了复合材料的微观结构,测试了其力学性能、热稳定性和阻燃性能,探讨了复合材料结构与性能之间的关系。研究结果表明:蒙脱土以纳米尺度均匀分散在尼龙66基体中,蒙脱土的加入改善了材料的力学性能、热稳定性和阻燃性能。     

Effect of organoclay platelets on morphology and properties of LLDPE/EMA blends

Blends of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and ethylene-co-methyl acrylate (EMA) and their nanocomposites with two types of modified montmorillonite (organoclay) were explored in order to achieve an improved balance between stiffness and toughness. The nanocomposites were prepared in a HAAKE RHEOMIX at three different mixing sequences. The compression molded nanocomposites were utilized to evaluate the morphology and the properties like mechanical, dynamic mechanical and thermal. The results reveal that the morphology and the properties of the nanocomposites are dependent on the blending sequence as well as the type of nanoclay used. The addition of organoclay slightly increases the tensile modulus for all the nanocomposites. On the other hand, a drastic improvement of the impact strength was observed when the organoclay located at the dispersed EMA phase. The effects of clay concentration on the properties of the nanocomposites were also studied. The optimum dispersion as well as property was found for the nanocomposite at 5 wt% of the nano clay.     

蒙脱土/橡胶纳米复合材料的制备、结构及性能

采用插层复合法制备的蒙脱土／橡胶纳米复合材料显示出了优异的综合性能。蒙脱土有望成为新一代橡胶补强材料。本文对蒙脱土／橡胶纳米复合材料的制备方法、结构及性能进行了总结及评述，并展望了其在橡胶工业中的应用前景。     

石墨烯微片/天然橡胶纳米复合材料的研究

目的 研究石墨烯微片的添量对石墨烯微片/天然橡胶纳米复合材料性能的影响,并对机械共混法和胶乳共混法进行比较。方法 探索复合材料的制备工艺,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、拉曼光谱(RDS)、万能力学试验机等对石墨烯微片和石墨烯微片/天然橡胶纳米复合材料的形貌、结构以及性能进行分析和研究。结果 测试结果表明,石墨烯微片作为填料添加到复合材料中,使复合材料的性能得到了增强。相比纯橡胶而言,石墨烯微片(10 phr)/天然橡胶复合材料的拉伸强度增加了41.5%,热导率增加了153.3%。结论 石墨烯微片可以大幅度提高复合材料的性能,并且胶乳共混法制备的复合材料的性能要优于机械共混法制备的复合材料的性能。     

Morphology/behaviour relationship of nanocomposites based on natural rubber/epoxidized natural rubber blends

In order to analyze the effect of an epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) and filler treatment on the morphology and behavior of natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites, blends of these polymers have been prepared. The nature and extent of the clay dispersions in the filled samples were evaluated by X-ray diffraction. In the presence of ENR, an exfoliated structure was obtained which suggests that enough rubbery polymer was incorporated into the interlayer spacing. The effect of clay in rubber compounds was analyzed through rheological, mechanical and swelling characterization. A sensible improvement in the nanocomposite properties was observed by the addition of organoclay. It has been deduced that the properties of the compounds strongly depend on the extent of the silicate nanolayers dispersion into the rubber matrices as well as on the organoclay type and elastomer compatibility.     

挤出法乙丙橡胶/蒙脱土纳米复合材料制备和表征

采用一种新型的有机土蒙脱土(OMM T),通过熔融挤出法制备出了具有优异性能的乙丙橡胶/OMM T复合材料,并与炭黑补强体系进行了对比。透射电子显微镜考察表明,所制备的乙丙橡胶/OMM T纳米复合材料为剥离型结构;力学性能测试结果表明,当有机土含量仅为3份时,复合材料硫化胶的扯断强度是纯胶体系的5.2倍,比同量的高耐磨炭黑增强体系的硫化胶也提高了284%,与加入15份高耐磨炭黑的硫化胶相当;有机土体系撕裂强度也明显高于炭黑体系。还利用门尼黏度测试表征了材料的加工性能。     

硬聚氯乙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能

以蒙脱土为主要原料，通过适宜的有机物插层荆对其改性研制有机蒙脱土。利用高聚物PVC的亲油性，且运用插层技术将聚合物熔融插入有机蒙脱土层间，将蒙脱土片层刺离出来，使之蚋米级地分散在PVC相中，从而制得硬聚氯乙烯（PVC—U）／层状硅酸盐蚋米复合管材，管材的力学性能得到了较大的改善。同时，FT—IR和XRD也证实了蒙脱土已均匀地分散在PVC基体中。此外，文中还用热重分析仪考察了复合材料的热性能，蒙脱土的加入提高了PVC的耐热等级。     

Effects of modified Clay on the morphology and thermal stability of PMMA/clay nanocomposites

The potential to improve the mechanical, thermal, and optical properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/clay nanocomposites prepared with clay containing an organic modifier was investigated. Pristine sodium montmorillonite clay was modified using cocoamphodipropionate, which absorbs UVB in the 280–320 nm range, via ion exchange to enhance the compatibility between the clay platelets and the methyl methacrylate polymer matrix. PMMA/clay nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ free-radical polymerization. Three types of clay with various cation-exchange capacities (CEC) were used as inorganic layered materials in these organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposites: CL42, CL120, and CL88 with CEC values of 116, 168, and 200 meq/100 g of clay, respectively. We characterized the effects of the organoclay dispersion on UV resistance, effectiveness as an O₂ gas barrier, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of PMMA/clay nanocomposites. Gas permeability analysis demonstrated the excellent gas barrier properties of the nanocomposites, consistent with the intercalated or exfoliated morphologies observed. The optical properties were assessed using UV–Visible spectroscopy, which revealed that these materials have good optical clarity, UV resistance, and scratch resistance. The effect of the dispersion capability of organoclay on the thermal properties of PMMA/clay nanocomposites was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry; these analyses revealed excellent thermal stability of some of the modified clay nanocomposites.     

聚合物包覆型纳米片层粒子对氢化丁腈橡胶复合材料性能的影响

制备了一系列不同量的剥离型有机蒙脱土(OMMT)与氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)复合的纳米材料,探究了OMMT的含量对HNBR复合材料力学、热力学性能的影响。采用广角X射线衍射(XRD)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、热重分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱、透射电镜对OMMT的结构与性能进行了表征。并对HNBR/OMMT复合材料的结构与性能进行了分析。XRD结果表明OMMT是完全剥离且由聚氨酯大分子链包覆的纳米片层粒子;DSC结果证明OMMT中的活性双键能发生反应。加入单片层OMMT后,HNBR纳米复合材料的力学性能、热力学性能以及动态性能都有所提高。且3phr的OMMT能使复合材料的耐磨性提高了24.7%,硬度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度等达到最大值。     

Effects of maleination and heat treatment on morphology and dynamic mechanical thermal behavior of polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposites

Effects of maleinated compatibilizer and heat treatment on the internal structure and physical properties of PP/organoclay nanocomposites were investigated by using various measurements, e.g., SAXS, TEM, DSC and DMTA, and rotational rheometer. Experimental results showed that maleination and heat treatment affected the internal structure and dynamic mechanical properties of PP/organoclay nanocomposites. Storage modulus and loss tangent of PP/organoclay nanocomposites were strongly related to the compatibilizer loadings and heat treatment conditions because the interfacial structure between PP molecular chains and organoclay particles had been changed by the addition of compatibilizer to PP/organoclay nanocomposites. DSC and DMTA results of the compatibilized nanocomposites and effects of heat treatment on crystallization and dynamic mechanical thermal properties demonstrated that there is a small change in the glass transition temperature because the chain mobility and free volume in the amorphous region are increased by heat treatment. It was found that heat treatment imposed influence on both amorphous and crystalline regions of PP/organoclay nanocomposites.     

Nanostructure and mechanical properties of aromatic polyamide and reactive organoclay nanocomposites

Aromatic polyamide/organoclay nanocomposites were synthesized using the solution blending technique. Treatment of montmorillonite clay with p-phenylenediamine produced reactive organophilic clay for good compatibility with the matrix. Polyamide chains were prepared by condensing a mixture of 1,4-phenylenediamine and 4-4′-oxydianiline with isophthaloyl chloride under anhydrous conditions. These chains were end capped with carbonyl chloride using 1% extra acid chloride near the end of reaction to develop the interactions with organoclay. The dispersion and structure–property relationship were monitored using FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, DSC and tensile testing of the thin films. The structural investigations confirmed the formation of delaminated and disordered intercalated morphology with nanoclay loadings. This morphology of the nanocomposites resulted in their enhanced mechanical properties. The tensile behavior and glass transition temperature significantly augmented with increasing organoclay content showing a greater interaction between the two disparate phases.