THE MECHANISM STUDY OF EFFECT OF CALCIUM AND ALUMINIUM IONS ON FLOCCULATING PROCESS OF KAOLIN

The effects of Ca^2 and Al^3 ious on flocculating process of kaolin using ployacrylamide as flocculant was studied. Mechanism of the effects was investigated and discussed through molecularorbit (MO) theory, solution chemistry calculation and electronic probe examination in this article.     

THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND OUTBURST MECHANISM OF GASEOUS COAL

Coal and methane outburst is one of the harmful disasters in coal mines. We have studied the rheological properties of gaseous coal in laboratory and obtained its rheological fracture principle. This principle can better explain and describe the outburst mechanism of gaseous coal. Thereby a rheological hypothesis of coal and methane outburst is put forward in this paper.     

THE EFFECTS OF TRACE Ti ON THE DAMPING CAPACITY OF THE Zn-22% Al ALLOY

ＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＲＡＣＥＴｉＯＮＴＨＥＤＡＭＰＩＮＧＣＡＰＡＣＩＴＹＯＦＴＨＥＺｎ－２２％ＡｌＡＬＬＯＹＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＲＡＣＥＴｉＯＮＴＨＥＤＡＭＰＩＮＧＣＡＰＡＣＩＴＹＯＦＴＨＥＺｎ－２２％ＡｌＡＬＬＯＹ￥ＺｈｏｕＳｈａｎｃｈ...     

THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH AND REINFORCING MECHANISM OF THE TOP-AND-BOTTOM-LAYERED STEEL FIBER CONCRETE

The mix proportions and strength of plain concrete, top-and-bottam layered steel fiber concrete and common steel fiber conerete are comparatively researched in this article. The in fluence of the quantity and place of steel fiber layer on the concrete's strength is systematically researched and the simulated analysis is made by computer.     

MONITOR AND CONTROL OF THE DEGUMMING PROCESS FOR SILK FABRICS

In the paper the monitor and control methods of silk fabrics degumming process havebeen discussed which arethe pH value of degumming bath, the degumming loss percentage and the supplemen-tary amounts of degumming assistants etc.The investigation was shown that method is exact to measure the PH value of degum-ming bath by the heat resistant 305-2 type lithium glass electrode and the 232 type calomelelectrode through the saturated polassium chloride salt bridge at the degumming tempera-ture, the method can be avoided the errors in the conventional measurements.From the theoretical calculate of the alkaline expense, including the absorbed alkali ofraw silk fabric, G1;the alkali carried away by fabric, G2;the consumptive alkali by belach-ing agent, G3 etc. According to practical produce, the empirical formula has been estab-lished for determination of the addittional amounts of degumming assistants, G, at the con-tinuous produce:G=1.28(G1+G2+G3)(g/kg fabric)     

STROMATOPOROIDS FROM THE EARLY CARBONIFEROUS OF KWANGSI AND KUEICHOW

The specimens dealt with here were furnished by Prof.K.C.Yang and Miss W.S.Wu in 1961 to the writer for study.They were collected from the lower part of theShizixu formation of Luocheng and Huanjiang districts,Kwangsi province and from thelower part of the Kolaoho formation of Dushan and Duyun districts,southern Kuei-chow province.All the stromatoporoids obtained from Kwangsi are associated with coral:Cystophrentis sp.;and those from Kueichow are associated with brachiopods:Schucher-tella sp.,Athyris sp.,Camarotoechia sp.,a little bit below the horizon of Cystophrentis.     

STUDY ON THE SURFACE ELECTRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FLAKE GRAPHITE AND THE MECHANISM OF ABSORPTION MEDICAMENT

Abstract: It is of important significance to make studies on the sur-face electric characteristics of flake graphite and their variation law forstrengthening the floatation of flake graphite.In this paper, DPM type microelectrophoresis apparatus is used to de-termine the surface Zeta-potential of flake graphite pure mineral, studythe affection of pulp pH value, seueral kinds of inorganic salt ions andanion surface activation agent (petroleum sodium sulfonate) on flakegraphite surface Zeta-potential,and explore the surface absorption charac-teristics of graphite.The floatation experiment of flake graphite pure mineral shows thatboth the petroleum sodium sulfonate and inorganic salt can strengthen theconventional floatation of flake graphite. The surface characteristic varia-tion caused by them is also an important factor to promote graphite floata-tion.     

ON THE DISCOVERY OF FOSSIL PALMS FROM THE TERTIARY FORMATION OF KWANGTUNG AND KWANGSI

The fossil palms described in this paper Were found by the writer in the Tertiaryformations of Maoming county and Haikou city of Hainan Island,Kwangtung Province,in 1958 and 1959,and by comrade Wu An-shun from the Teftiary formations of Shang-ssu county of Kwangsi Province in 1960.The specimens belong to four species within the genus Sabalites.They areSabalites cf.taishuensis Takahashi,Sabalites szei sp.nov.,Sabalites changchangensissp.nov.,Sabalites sp.     

GELATION MECHANISM OF THE FIBROIN SOLUTION

Aqueous fibroin turned into a gel when it is left alone for few days.The gelation periodcan be reduced by controlling some parameters such as concentration and pH of the fibroinsolution,storage temperature etc.Change in physical properties of fibroin gel and molecu-lar structure of the gel were studied under different conditions.Ge1ation mechanism andstructure of the gel were studied with circular dichroism,eiectron microscopy,x- raydiffraction and infrared spectroscopy.It was found that the beta oriented conformation isrequired for the gelation of aqueous fibroin and the gelation is irreversible in nature.     

Preparation of TiAl/Ti2AlC Composites with Ti/Al/C Powders by In-situ Hot Pressing

TiAl/Ti2AlC composites were prepared by in-situ hot pressing of TilAl/C powders mixtures and sintered at different temperatures were investigated by X- ray diffraction （ XRD ） of samples. The reaction procedure of Ti-Al-C system could be divided into three stnges. Below 900℃ , Ti reacts with Al to form TiAl intermetallics ; above 900 ℃ , C reacts with remain Ti to form TiC triggered by the exothermal reaction of Ti and Al ; TiAl reacts with TiC to produce dense TiAl/Ti2AlC compasites.In the holding stage, ternary Ti2AlC develops to layered polycrystal and composites pyknosis in the meanwhile. The mechanism of synthesis and microstructure was especially discussed.     

The compressive deformation behavior and deformation mechanism of Ti14 alloy in semi-solid state

The semi-solid deformation behavior of Ti14 was investigated using compression tests at deformation temperatures between 1 273 and 1 423 K with strain rate of 5×10-2s-1. Moreover, the fraction solid at different temperatures was also measured by image analysis. The results showed that the deformation temperature had strong effects on the flow stress, and the stress increased with the decrease of deformation temperature. The maximum stress depended greatly on the fraction solid, and a sharp decrease in stress occurred at a solid fraction between 0.94 and 0.98(temperature from 1 323 to 1 373 K). This decrease was related to the decrease in the amount of solid bridges between grains. Because of the partial solid/liquid segregation during deformation, the experimental strain rates were much lower than those calculated by the flow of liquid incorporating solid particles, which suggested that the main deformation mechanism between 1 323 and 1 373 K was still plastic deformation of solid particles.     

Analysis of diffusion bond interface of TiAl base alloy with Ti, TC4 alloy and 40Cr steel

0　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｉＡｌｂａｓｅａｌｌｏｙｈａｓｓｕｃｈｇｏｏｄｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓａｓｌｉｇｈｔｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃｇｒａｖｉｔｙ(ａｂｏｕｔ3.8ｇ/ｃｍ3),ｈｉｇｈｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈ,ｇｏｏｄｓｔｉｆｆｎｅｓｓ,ｇｏｏｄｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓａｎｄｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ,ａｎｄｉｓｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｔｏｂｅａｎｉｄｅａｌｎｅｗｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｗｉｔｈｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌａ…     

过热度对Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb缩孔缩松的影响研究

使用CaO坩埚真空感应熔炼的方法对Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb进行铸锭,然后通过改变过热度,从宏观和微观两方面对钛铝合金铸锭中缩孔缩松的位置及含量分别进行分析,经过大量实验,最终得出过热度对Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb铸锭缩孔缩松的影响规律。     

外加Al2O3颗粒对Ti-Al-TiO2系合成产物微观结构的影响

Ti-Al-TiO2体系外加不同含量的Al2O3颗粒获得了Al2O3／TiAl基复合材料,研究了产物的相组成及微观组织。结果表明：Al2O3颗粒多分布在基体晶界处。随外加Al2O3含量的增大,晶粒变小,但增强相颗粒团聚严重。外加Al2O3量存在一个临界值。含量过高,易造成结构疏松,不致密,形成大的气孔,且由于TiO2的活化作用,会造成外加的Al2O3颗粒烧结呈板状联结分布;含量较低,颗粒与界面的结合不够紧凑,但颗粒的结晶度较好。     

The flowability of ground powders and the comminuting mechanism of mills

The ground powders with the same particle size distribulion and the sanw mean particle diameter were prepared by five different types of mills. The flowability index (FI) and the particle shape indices, namely. Wadell‘s working sphericity ψw and circularity ψc , of five kinds of test powders were nwasured. The effect of the comminuting mechanisms on the flowability of ground powders was investigated, and the relationship between the flowability of ground powders and the partticle shape indices was analyzed. The experimental restdts show that the ground turn,tiers obtained by collision have irregular particle shapes and smooth surfaces, showing a high flowability. On the other hand, though the particle obtained by grinding is close to a spherical particle, but it has a rugged suttee, and shows a bad flowability. Furthermore, the flowability index is more corrdated with the circularity titan the working sphericity is. This means that the surface roughness is more effective, in determining the flowability of powders than the roundtwss is.     

Formation mechanism in alloy steel rolling process using thermo-mechanical coupling method

Based on the theory of elastic-plastic finite element method, the high-speed hot continuous rolling process of a billet is simulated and analyzed in vertical and horizontal passes. The billet is dragged into the passes by contact friction force between the billet and rollers. The rollers and billet are represented by respectively rigid and deformable bodies, and three-dimensional models are developed for the billet and rollers. The distribution of deformation field, effective strain, rolling force and temperature field are accurately calculated for the whole rolling process (including unstable and stable stages). In addition, the rolling pressure on the width symmetry center is compared with that in the in-situ experimental measurements. It is revealed that various heat exchange phenomena among the billet, rollers and surroundings can result in unbalanced temperature distribution on the cross section. Rolling force and strain can change significantly when the billet is moved towards or away from the roller gap, and keep almost invariable in the stable stage. It is expected that the simulation results would be useful for practical manufacture and provide the theoretical foundation for improvement of process planning and optimization of process parameters.     

Simulation of transformation mechanism of martensites in Ni62.5Al37.5 alloy

Thermally induced L1₀ martensitic transformation in an ordered B2 Ni_62.5 Al_37.5 alloy has been studied by using molecular dynamics computer simulations and embedded atorn method (EAM) potential. The nucleation mechanism and growth process of martensites were investigated by analyzing the difference between the lattice vibrational properties, strain distributions in transforming and non-transforming regions. The effect of the difference between vibrational properties of Ni and Al atoms on the transformation was discussed.     

Thermal oxidation of SiAlON powders synthesized from coal gangue

The oxidation behavior of different SiAlON phases(β-SiAlON,X-phase SiAlON and 12H powders) synthesized from coal gangue in air atmosphere was investigated using isothermal thermogravimetry(TG) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM).The effect of ferric oxide impurities in coal gangue was studied.The results show that ferric oxide contributes to the growth of SiAlON crystalline during the synthesis process.In the oxidation experiment,the existence of ferric oxide decreases the oxidation resi...