十二烷基磺酸根插层Ni^2＋-Fe^3＋/Co^2＋-Ni^2＋-Fe^3＋ LDHs及其结构研究

应用水热技术制备了二元Ni^2＋-Fe^3＋-CO3^2- LDHs和三元Co2＋-Ni2＋-Fe3＋-CO32- LDHs,以十二烷基磺酸根离子作为插层客体,通过离子交换反应在酸性溶液中实现了十二烷基磺酸根插层Ni2＋-Fe3＋ LDHs和Co2＋-Ni2＋-Fe3＋-LDHs。十二烷基磺酸根在Ni2＋-Fe3＋LDHs层间出现了2种空间导向和排列：即十二烷基磺酸根以单层垂直方向排布和以双层垂直方向排布在层间;十二烷基磺酸根在三元组分Co2＋-Ni2＋-Fe3＋-LDHs层间只有一种空间排列方式,即十二烷基磺酸根以单层垂直方向排布于Co2＋-Ni2＋-Fe3＋-LDHs层间。     

凹凸棒复合滤料对水中Ni^2＋的吸附研究

通过静态吸附实验,研究了凹凸棒复合滤料对水中Ni^2＋的吸附性能,探讨了滤料投加量、吸附时间、pH值、反应温度、初始浓度等对Ni^2＋吸附效果的影响。实验结果表明,凹凸棒复合滤料对水中Ni^2＋的吸附率随溶液pH值和温度的升高而升高,吸附反应在120 min左右达到平衡,吸附率最高可达99.5%,吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附模型。凹凸棒复合滤料通过再生后可以反复使用。     

粉煤灰滤料对水中Ni^2＋的吸附研究

通过静态吸附试验,研究了粉煤灰滤料对水中Ni^2＋的吸附作用,探讨了吸附剂投加量、吸附时间、溶液pH值以及初始浓度对Ni^2＋吸附效果的影响,拟合了吸附等温线。结果表明,当粉煤灰滤料投加量为30g／L,溶液初始浓度为10mg／L,pH=7时,在30℃、180r／min的转速条件下振荡90min,Ni^2＋的去除率可达到95．2％。经过拟合,粉煤灰滤料对水中Ni^2＋的吸附符合Freundlich和Langmuir吸附等温模型。     

Fe~(2+)-H_2O_2-二氧化硫脲引发绒毛浆与MMA接枝共聚的研究

研究了Fe2+-H2O2-二氧化硫脲体系引发绒毛浆与甲基丙烯酸甲酯的接枝共聚。考察了该引发体系下反应温度、反应时间、过氧化氢用量、二氧化硫脲用量、单体浓度和液比对接枝率和接枝效率的影响。并用红外光谱对接枝纤维产物进行了鉴定。结果表明,二氧化硫脲的加入能有效地使接枝共聚得以顺利进行;适当地提高温度,增加单体浓度,控制合适的二氧化硫脲用量都能提高接枝率和接枝效率,并在较短的时间就能成功接枝;接枝效率几乎不受液比的影响,一般维持在90%以上,接枝过程产生的均聚物极少。     

Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂在CO2重整CH4反应中催化性能研究

Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂在二氧化碳重整甲烷反应中,其催化活性和稳定性均优于Ni/ZrO2和Ni/Al2O3催化剂.XRD、TPD、TPR结果表明,在Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂上能形成较稳定的活性中心,负载型纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体中,ZrO2以四方相形式出现,粒径为5 nm,微波和超声波的作用能诱导ZrO2和Al2O3产生新的碱性中心,有利于二氧化碳的吸附和提高活性组分的分散度.TG-DSC结果表明Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂上表面炭主要是活性较高的α炭,而Ni/ZrO2和Ni/Al2O3催化剂表面炭主要是活性较低的β炭和γ炭.     

Ni2+-Fe3+-CO2-3-LDHs亲油改性及其除油性能研究

尿素作为沉淀剂,采用均相沉淀技术制备了Ni2+-Fe3+-CO2-3-LDHs层状材料.以Ni2+-Fe3+-CO2-3-LDHs作为前驱体,分别与NaCl、十二烷基磺酸钠(CH3(CH2)11SO3Na)进行离子交换反应得到Ni2+-Fe3+-CH3(CH2)11SO-3-LDHs新型吸附剂材料,成功实现了将CH3(CH2)11SO-3负载到Ni2+-Fe3+-LDHs层状材料,对Ni2+-Fe3+-CO2-3-LDHs进行亲油改性,研究表明该改性后的材料为介孔材料,其比表面积为196.2m2/g,平均孔径为18.3nm.利用Ni2+-Fe3+-CH3(CH2)11SO-3-LDHs复合材料对含油污水进行处理,实验表明十二烷基磺酸根离子插层Ni2+-Fe3+-LDHs后的产物增强了LDHs的亲油吸附性能,其饱和吸附量为6.57μL/g.     

Ni~(2+)-Al~(3+)-PW_(12)O_(40)~(3-)-LDHs的制备及表征

利用尿素法成功合成了Ni/Al摩尔比分别为2∶1,3∶1,4∶1的Ni2+-Al3+-LDHs。结果表明,Ni/Al摩尔比为2∶1制备的Ni2+-Al3+-LDHs具有较高的结晶度和较规整的片层形貌。Ni2+-Al3+-LDHs(Ni/Al=2)层状材料经400℃煅烧后,其层间CNO-、CO32-脱除并生成复合金属氧化物(LDO),以LDO作为前驱体通过煅烧重组法将磷钨杂多酸根(PW12O403-)成功引入到Ni2+-Al3+-LDHs层中,形成了Ni2+-Al3+-PW12O403--LDHs新型催化剂材料。     

十二烷基磺酸根插层Ni~(2+)-Fe~(3+)/Co~(2+)-Ni~(2+)-Fe~(3+) LDHs及其结构研究

应用水热技术制备了二元Ni2+-Fe3+-CO23- LDHs和三元Co2+-Ni2+-Fe3+-CO32- LDHs,以十二烷基磺酸根离子作为插层客体,通过离子交换反应在酸性溶液中实现了十二烷基磺酸根插层Ni2+-Fe3+ LDHs和Co2+-Ni2+-Fe3+-LDHs。十二烷基磺酸根在Ni2+-Fe3+LDHs层间出现了2种空间导向和排列:即十二烷基磺酸根以单层垂直方向排布和以双层垂直方向排布在层间;十二烷基磺酸根在三元组分Co2+-Ni2+-Fe3+-LDHs层间只有一种空间排列方式,即十二烷基磺酸根以单层垂直方向排布于Co2+-Ni2+-Fe3+-LDHs层间。     

Ni2+-Al3+-MoO2-4-LDHs防腐缓蚀剂的制备及其表征

以镍铝摩尔比为3∶1,尿素作为沉淀剂,采用均匀沉淀法制备了Ni2+-Al3+-CO2-3-LDHs层状材料。以Ni2+-Al3+-CO2-3-LDHs作为前驱体,分别与NaCl、钼酸钠( Na2 MoO4·2H2 O)进行离子交换反应,成功构建了Ni2+-Al3+-MoO2-4-LDHs防腐缓蚀剂。通过XRD、SEM、FT-IR、TG-DTG、ICP对样品进行了分析表征,研究结果表明MoO2-4插入LDHs层间,其层间距由0.769 nm增加到0.982 nm,样品晶相完整,并保持了良好的层状结构。     

磷钨杂多酸插层Ni2+-Mg2+-Al3+-LDHs复合材料的合成

利用尿素回流法合成Ni²⁺-Mg²⁺-Al³⁺-LDHs,Ni²⁺-Mg²⁺-Al³⁺-LDHs层状材料经300 ℃焙烧后,以焙烧产物作为前驱体,通过焙烧重组法将磷钨杂多酸成功引入Ni²⁺-Mg²⁺-Al³⁺-LDHs层中,制备磷钨杂多酸插层Ni²⁺-Mg²⁺-Al³⁺-LDHs复合材料。     

电镀污泥酸浸出液中铜和镍分离的研究

根据某电镀污泥酸浸出液中所含的铜(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)化学性质的差异,分别采用氨水分步沉淀法、硫化钠选择沉淀法和铁粉置换法进行铜(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)分离的实验研究,考察溶液pH、硫化钠用量及铁粉用量对分离效果的影响,根据溶度积理论及电化学理论简要阐述溶液中铜(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)分离的原理。结果表明:在适当条件下,硫化钠可以选择性地沉淀混合溶液中的铜(Ⅱ),铁粉也可以优先置换混合溶液中的铜(Ⅱ),从而实现电镀污泥酸浸出液中铜和镍的分离。     

膨润土结合PAM处理含镍废水的研究

对膨润土的用量、吸附时间、pH值等因素对去除镍离子效果的影响做了实验 ,找出了影响规律 ,初步探讨了其作用机理。并在此试验的基础上 ,选取pH值、膨润土的用量、PAM的用量三个因素做了三因素三水平的正交试验 ,找出了膨润土结合PAM处理含镍废水的最佳工艺为 pH 8.5 ,膨润土添加量 5 .0 g/L ,PAM用量 1.0mg/L     

Effects of penta-coordinated Al3+ sites and Ni defective sites on Ni/Al2O3 for CO methanation

Engineering sophisticated structure of Al₂O₃ and controlling the structure of counterpart metal active sites remain challenges to achieve a high catalytic-performance in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we present a confinement strategy to stabilize homogeneous Ni by penta-coordinated Al³⁺ anchoring sites in Al₂O₃. This approach is involved in using a metal–organic framework as host to load Ni²⁺ ions, by the aim of producing a confined Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst after a standard calcination. Metal–support interaction between Ni and Al₂O₃ was tailored to be medium to avoid the formation of inactive NiAl₂O₄, which favors the generation of more available Ni active sites accessible to the reactants. The resultant Ni/Al₂O₃ exhibited superior catalytic performance in comparison with the control Ni/Al₂O₃ in CO methanation owing to the presence of defective sites on sufficient Ni⁰ surface. Furthermore, the presence of oxygen vacancies on Al₂O₃ and hydrogen spillover contributed toward excellent coke resistance properties in the reaction.     

城市剩余污泥制备活性炭吸附剂对Ni2+的吸附研究

以城市污水处理厂剩余脱水污泥为原料,采用化学活化热解法制备了污泥活性炭吸附剂,对水溶液中的Ni2+进行去除,确定了最佳实验参数。实验结果表明,吸附时间为1 h、p H为7、吸附剂用量为6 g/L时,对含Ni2+废水(Ni2+质量浓度为50 mg/L)的平均去除率为29.132%,污泥活性炭吸附剂的平均吸附容量为2.428 mg/g。通过单因素实验得出吸附时间为80 min、溶液p H为7时,对溶液中的Ni2+有较好的去除效果。Ni2+在污泥活性炭吸附剂上的吸附比较符合伪二级吸附动力学方程,Langmuir等温方程更适合描述Ni2+在污泥活性炭吸附剂上的吸附行为。     

Stellerite-seeded facile synthesis of zeolite X with excellent aqueous Cd2+ and Ni2+ adsorption performance

Zeolite X was synthesized by a two-step hydrothermal method using natural stellerite zeolite as the silicon seed, and its adsorption performance for Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions was experimentally and comprehensively investigated. The effects of pH, zeolite X dosage, contact time, and temperature on adsorption performance for Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions over were studied. The adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous, and followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Langmuir isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacitiesfor Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions at 298 K were 173.553 and 75.897 mg·g^-1, respectively. Ion exchange and precipitation were the principal mechanisms for the removal of Cd²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions by zeolite X, followed by electrostatic adsorption. Ion exchange was the principal mechanisms for the removal of Ni²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions by zeolite X, followed by electrostatic adsorption and precipitation. The zeolite X converted from stellerite zeolite has a low n(Si/Al), abundant hydroxyl groups, and high crystallinity and purity, imparting a good adsorption performance for Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions. This study suggests that zeolite X converted from stellerite zeolite could be a useful environmentally-friendly and effective tool for the removal of Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions.