抑郁症认知损害与事件相关电位的研究进展

抑郁症是一类高患病率、高疾病负担、高复发率、高致残率、高自杀率的慢性精神疾病,是 精神科的常见疾病之一。大量国内外文献发现抑郁患者存在不同程度的认知损害,认知症状可早于抑 郁症的其他症状发生,是抑郁症诊断标准的重要条目,也是重要的残留症状,严重影响患者的生活和工 作。目前磁共振成像、神经生化检测、脑诱发电位等手段的兴起使抑郁症的认知功能研究得到了进一 步的发展,其中事件相关电位成为了研究的热点,现就目前国内外抑郁症事件相关电位的研究进展进 行回顾汇总结,为抑郁症的诊断和治疗提供参考依据。     

事件相关电位P300与抑郁症严重程度的关系

目的 探讨事件相关电位P300与抑郁症严重程度之间的关系。方法 对28例中度抑郁症 患者、41例重度抑郁患者与70例健康对照的P300行对照研究。结果 抑郁症患者P3潜伏期与HAMD 评分呈正相关（r=0.514,P ＜ 0.01）;中、重度抑郁组较健康对照组 N2、P3潜伏期延长,P3波幅降低,差 异均有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）;重度抑郁组较中度抑郁组P3潜伏期延长,差异有统计学意义（P=0.017）。 结论 抑郁症的认知功能损害与严重程度有关,P3潜伏期可能是抑郁症严重程度的预测性指标。     

老年期抑郁症病人听觉事件相关电位P300的比较研究

目的 探讨老年期抑郁症病人的认知功能状况。方法 按CCMD-3中心境障碍抑郁发作诊断标准，收集33例60岁以上首次抑郁发作的病人(抑郁组)，32名健康老年人(对照组)。使用HAMD、HAMA和MMSE量表对所有入组者进行评定，并作P300测定。结果 抑郁组MMSE总分低于对照组。抑郁组N2和P3潜伏期比对照组延长；抑郁组的P300潜伏期N2和P3与HAMD的迟缓因子分呈正相关，与MMSE总分呈负相关。结论 老年期抑郁症病人存在认知功能障碍。     

帕金森病认知功能与事件相关电位P300

帕金森病(PD)可并发认知功能障碍已为大家所公认。有关本病的神经心理学研究,国内早有报道,但对本病认知功能的电生理学研究,报道甚少。由于量表测试费时,而且依赖于主试者的主观解释,较难客观评价认知功能。对PD患者进行听觉事件相关电位(ERP)和改良长谷川智能量表(HDS)检测,旨在探讨事件相关电位P_(300)对PD患者认知功能障碍的临床诊断价值。     

癫痫患者事件相关电位(P300)与认知功能相关性研究

目的：探讨癫痫患者事件相关电位特征及其在反映认知功能上的价值。方法：利用事件相关电位、韦氏成人智力量表和记忆量表对５０例成人癫痫患者认知功能进行电生理学和心理学评估,３０例年龄、性别及文化程度相匹配的健康成人作对照。结果：病人组Ｐ３潜伏 长,智商、记忆商明显降低,Ｐ３潜伏期与患者总智商、言语智商、操作智商和记忆商呈显著负相关,其中相关性最密切的是言语智商和记忆商。结论：Ｐ３潜伏期在一定和程序上能够     

颈动脉狭窄与认知功能障碍及事件相关电位的相关性

目的探讨颈动脉狭窄（CAS）与认知功能障碍及事件相关电位（ERP）的相关性。方法177例CAS患者根据CAS程度分为轻度狭窄58例,中度狭窄62例,重度狭窄57例,同期选择185名颈动脉未发生狭窄的门诊体检者作为颈动脉无狭窄组。比较不同CAS组患者简易精神状态检查量表（MMSE）评分、各指标变化、合并症发生率及ERP检测结果。结果cAs患者定向力、延迟回忆力、注意计算力、即刻回忆力、语言能力及MMSE评分均明显低于颈动脉无狭窄组（P〈0．05）,且随着颈动脉狭窄程度加重,上述指标评分均明显降低（P〈0．05）;CAS组患者糖尿病、短暂性脑缺血发作、高血压病、脑白质病变及高尿酸血症发生率均明显高于颈动脉无狭窄组（P〈0．05）;随着CAS程度的加重,N2和P300潜伏期逐渐升高（P〈0．05）,而波幅逐渐降低（P〈0．05）。结论CAS是导致认知功能障碍及ERP异常的危险因素,且狭窄程度与病情密切相关。     

短暂性脑缺血发作认知功能与事件相关电位研究

目的：探讨短暂性脑缺血发作（ＴＩＡ）病人事件相关电位（ＥＲＰ）的变化规律及其临床意义。方法：用听觉Ｏｄｄｂａｌｌ刺激序列ＥＲＰ、认知能力筛选试验（ＣＣＳＥ）和简易智力状态试验（ＭＭＳＥ）检测３２例ＴＩＡ病人和３０例年龄、性别、利手和教育程序相匹配的正常人。结果：病人组ＥＲＰ的Ｎ２和Ｐ３峰潜伏期较对照组显著延长，Ｎ２和Ｐ３波幅组均无显著差异、Ｐ３峰潜伏期（Ｐ３ＰＬ）异常率为２５％。病人组ＭＭＳＥ较对     

抑郁症患者的事件相关电位研究进展

本文综述了近年来有关抑郁症患者事件相关电位的一些特点,可能机制的研究进展     

抑郁症患者的事件相关电位研究进展

本文综述了抑郁症患者事件相关电位的一些特点及可能机制     

血管性痴呆神经心理学与事件相关电位的研究

目的 探讨血管性痴呆神经心理学与事件相关电位(P300)的变化规律及临床意义。方法 选取血管性痴呆患者30例，并以与其年龄、性别基本相似的体检健康者为对照组，用认知能力甄别检查法(OCSE)、老年性痴呆评定量表(ADAS)作神经心理学测试后，再用听觉Oddball序列研究血管性痴呆患者事件相关电位(ERPs)的P3成分。结果 血管性痴呆组CCSE、ADAS与对照组有显著差异(P＜0．05)。血管性痴呆组P3峰潜伏期(P3PL)、P3波幅(P3AMP)与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0．05)。CCSE与P3PL呈显著负相关(r＝-0．357，P＜0．05)，ADAS与P2PL呈显著正相关(r＝1．25，P＜0．05)。结论 血管性痴呆的认知功能评分与患者的巴潜伏期长短有明显相关性。     

P300 event-related potentials and cognitive function in social phobia

The aim of the study was to investigate abnormalities of event-related potentials (ERPs) in social phobia patients indicating deficits in speed and amount of perceptual and cognitive resources as well as relationships between ERPs and cognitive functioning. ERPs were recorded from 19 EEG leads in a two-tone oddball paradigm in medication-free patients with DSM-IV social phobia (n=25) and in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Neuropsychological test performance was administered. Compared with the HC group, patients with social phobia showed reductions in N1 at temporal leads, N2 and P300 amplitudes, predominantly centroparietally, and longer P300 latencies. The observed P300 latency prolongation was associated with reduced Non-Verbal Learning Test (NVLT) but not the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) scores. The reduction in N1 amplitude indicates an impairment in perceptual processing. The reduced P300 amplitudes may reflect reduced cognitive resources for the evaluation of relevant information. The increased P300 latency, indicating longer stimulus evaluation time, was correlated to deficits in learning processes as measured by the Non-Verbal Learning Test but not to executive function as measured by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. It may therefore be concluded that social phobia patients show deficits in cognitive information processing as reflected by ERPs.     

Long-latency event-related potentials in the evaluation of cognitive function in children

The endogenous auditory P300 event-related potential (P3) has been used to differentiate functional and organic cognitive disorders in adults. We found that children with organic cognitive impairments (as determined by the Halstead-Reitan [HR] test) had greater P3 latencies than children with normal HR evaluations. The P3 and HR showed 85% agreement in independent assessments of functional or organically based cognitive impairment in children. Mini-Mental-State, IQ, EEG evaluations, and clinical suspicions of "organicity" with respect to cognitive function were similarly associated with P3 latency.     

The relationship between fatigue and depression, and event-related potentials in epileptics

The aim of the present study was to establish the rate of fatigue and the relationship between fatigue, depression, and P300 in people with epilepsy. We compared Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores and event-related potentials (ERPs) of people with epilepsy (n=73) with those of controls (n=31). The rate of fatigue was found to be 42.4%, and fatigue and depression were positively correlated. There was an interaction between fatigue and ERPs, but the effect of ERPs on fatigue was greater. While polytherapy was a major factor affecting ERPs, depression had no effect on ERPs in people with epilepsy. The data suggest that fatigue is an important finding and is strongly correlated with cognitive processes and depression. Polytherapy contributed to cognitive disturbances and, hence, fatigue, whereas depression had no effect on cognitive processes in people with epilepsy.     

颈动脉粥样硬化患者认知功能与事件相关电位的改变及其关系

目的 探讨颈动脉粥样硬化(CAS)患者认知功能与事件相关电位(ERP)的改变及其关系.方法 对65例不同程度CAS患者进行简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)和ERP P300检查及相关性分析;并与对照组进行比较.结果 与对照组比较,轻中度CAS组的注意计算、短程记忆、图形描画评分明显降低(均P＜0.05);P300潜伏期延长、波幅降低 (均P＜0.05);重度CAS组差异更明显(均P＜0.01).与轻中度颈动脉狭窄组比较,重度颈动脉狭窄组在时间定向力、地点定向力、注意计算、短程记忆、言语复述、语言表达、图形描画7个亚项评分方面有显著降低(均P＜0.05);P300潜伏期延长、波幅降低 (均P＜0.05).轻中度、重度CAS患者的MMSE评分与P300潜伏期呈负相关(r=-0.503,-0.589,均P＜0.05),轻中度、重度颈动脉狭窄患者的MMSE评分与P300潜伏期亦呈负相关(r=-0.497,-0.601,均P＜0.05).结论 CAS可导致认知功能障碍和ERP异常,其程度与颈动脉病变程度有关.     

无症状脑梗死患者认知功能障碍及抑郁与事件相关电位变化的关系

目的探讨无症状脑梗死(SBI)患者认知功能障碍及抑郁与事件相关电位(ERP)变化的关系。方法对68例SBI患者采用汉密尔顿抑郁(HAMD)量表、简易精神状态检查(MMSE)量表及ERP检查,并与55例非脑梗死患者(对照组)进行比较。结果SBI组中,31例(45.6%)HAMD≥17分(抑郁亚组),37例(54.4%)HAMD<17分(非抑郁亚组)。SBI组MMSE评分(17.1±1.8)较对照组(25.2±1.6)显著降低,认知功能障碍发生率(52.9%vs 12.7%)显著增高(均P<0.05);与对照组相比,SBI组P3潜伏期显著延长,波幅显著降低(均P<0.05)。SBI组中,抑郁亚组MMSE评分(14.9±1.2)较非抑郁亚组(21.6±2.6)显著降低,认知功能障碍发生率(93.6%vs 21.6%)显著增高,P3潜伏期明显延长和波幅明显降低(均P<0.05)。SBI抑郁亚组MMSE评分与P3潜伏期负相关,与波幅正相关(r=-0.537,r=0.529;均P<0.05)。结论SBI患者存在认知功能障碍,伴抑郁症状者认知功能障碍更显著。ERP检查可早期发现SBI患者的认知功能障碍及抑郁。     

多发性硬化患者认知改变与事件相关电位研究

目的研究多发性硬化(MS)患者认知功能障碍的发生情况,及其与事件相关电位(ERPs)的相关关系。方法对70例MS患者进行韦氏智力量表测查及ERPs检查。结果韦氏智力量表测试发现MS组全量表智商(FIQ)不正常者(<90分)的比率为40%(28/70),与正常组比较差异显著(P<0.01)。MS组N2、P300潜伏期明显延长,与对照组比较差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。脑或脑脊髓型及进展型MS患者P300潜伏期明显延长,P300波幅降低。病程与P300潜伏期呈显著正相关。言语量表智商(VIQ)、FIQ与P300潜伏期呈负相关,与P300波幅呈正相关;操作量表智商(PIQ)与P300波幅呈正相关。结论MS患者存在有认知障碍。ERPs检查对MS认知障碍的判断有一定参考意义。     

The interaction between somatosensory and auditory cognitive processing assessed with event-related potentials.

Event-related potentials induced by somatosensory and after auditory stimulation or bilateral somatosensory stimulation in young adults were studied, aiming to evaluate interactions of cognitive processing of somatosensory and auditory information. In experiment 1, event-related potentials were elicited by four stimulus conditions which were randomly presented with an interstimulus interval of 20 +/- 3 milliseconds: electric stimuli delivered to the right median nerve (Con 1), auditory stimuli delivered to both ears (Con 2), electric and subsequent auditory stimuli (Con 3), and electric stimuli delivered to the bilateral median nerve (Con 4). In experiment 2, Con 2 was changed to electric stimulation of the left median nerve. The subtraction of grand averaged event-related potentials of Con 1 and Con 2 from those of Con 3 demonstrated a positive-negative peak complex with a positive peak at approximately 165 to 170 milliseconds after stimuli and a negative peak with a mean latency of 372 milliseconds in experiment 1. In experiment 2, the subtraction of event-related potentials in Con 1 and 2 from those in Con 4 revealed positive and negative peaks resembling those in experiment 1, but the distribution or latencies of the peaks differed from those in experiment 1. We speculate that the subtracted positive and negative peaks reflect different cognitive processing of bimodal and bifocal sensory information.