共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 107 毫秒
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Enhancement of Field Emission Properties in La-Doped ZnO Films Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering 下载免费PDF全文
LI Jun WANG Ru-Zhi LAN Wei ZHANG Xing-Wang DUAN Zhi-Qiang WANG Bo YAN Hui 《中国物理快报》2008,25(7):2657-2660
Field emissions (FE) from La-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) films are both experimentally and theoretically investigated. Owing to the La-doped effect, the FE characteristic of ZnO films is remarkably enhanced compared with an undoped sample, and a startling low turn-on electric field of about 0.4V/μm (about 2.5V/μm for the undoped ZnO films) is obtained at an emission current density of 1μA/cm2 and the stable current density reaches 1mA/cm2 at an applied field of about 2.1V/μm. A self-consistent theoretical analysis shows that the novel FE enhancement of the La-doped sample may be originated from its smaller work function. Due to the effect of doping with La, the Fermi energy level lifts, electrons which tunnelling from surface barrier are consumedly enhancing, and then leads to a huge change of field emission current. Interestingly, it suggests a new effective method to improve the FE properties of film materials. 相似文献
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The field emission(FE) characteristics of nano-structured carbon films(NSCFs) are investigated.The saturation behaviour of the field emission current density found at high electric field E cannot be reasonably explained by the traditional Fowler-Nordheim(F-N) theory.A three-region E model and the curve-fitting method are utilized for discussing the FE characteristics of NSCFs.In the low,high,and middle E regions,the FE mechanism is reasonably explained by a modified F-N model,a corrected space-charge-limited-current(SCLC) model and the joint model of F-N and SCLC mechanism,respectively.Moreover,the measured FE data accord well with the results from our corrected theoretical model. 相似文献
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为了满足日益增加的集成光子器件设计的需求,本文研究了一种铌酸锂/钠表面等离子体波导(Li Nb O3/Na surface plasmonic waveguide, LNSPW),并利用LNSPW构成电光可调的定向耦合器(directional coupling,DC).利用有限元方法 (finite element method, FEM)对波导的模式特性和耦合器的耦合特性进行了分析.结果表明,随着波导尺寸的增大,传播长度可达约200μm,归一化有效模场面积小于0.4.通过调节耦合间距(Wgap)、耦合长度(LC)和工作波长(λ)等参数,铌酸锂钠表面等离子体波导构建的定向耦合结构可实现3 d B耦合.当Wgap=100 nm和LC=17μm时, DC在V0=53 V时可实现3 d B耦合,且具有较好的方向性和隔离度.LNSPW的研究为实现可调的DC提供了一种可行的方案,在集成电光可调器件研究领域有潜在的应用前景.除此之外, LNSPW还可广泛应用于非线性光学、光信号处理及光全... 相似文献
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Recent findings of two-dimensional(2D) ferroelectric(FE) materials provide more possibilities for the development of 2D FE heterostructure electronic devices based on van der Waals materials and the application of FE devices under the limit of atomic layer thickness. In this paper, we report the in-situ fabrication and probing of electronic structures of In2Se3–WSe2 lateral heterostructures, compared with most vertical FE heterostructures at present. Through mole... 相似文献
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Enhanced field emission characteristics of thin-Au-coated nano-sheet carbon films 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
This paper reports that the nano-sheet carbon films (NSCFs) were
fabricated on Si wafer chips with hydrogen--methane gas mixture by
means of quartz-tube-type microwave plasma chemical vapour
deposition (MWPCVD). In order to further improve the field emission
(FE) characteristics, a 5-nm Au film was prepared on the samples by
using electron beam evaporation. The FE properties were obviously
improved due to depositing Au thin film on NSCFs. The FE current
density at a macroscopic electric field, E, of 9~V/μ m was
increased from 12.4~mA/cm2 to 27.2~mA/cm2 and the
threshold field was decreased from 2.6~V/μ m to 2.0~V/μ m
for Au-coated carbon films. A modified F-N model considering
statistic effects of FE tip structures in the low E region and a
space-charge-limited-current effect in the high E region were
applied successfully to explain the FE data of the Au-coated NSCF. 相似文献
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通过利用标准简正波程序KRAKEN计算本地简正波解及耦合矩阵, 进一步发展了求解水平变化波导中声场的全局矩阵耦合简正波方法(Luo et al., "A numerically stable coupled-mode formulation for acoustic propagation in range-dependent waveguides," Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron. 55, 572 (2012)), 使得该方法可以处理具有可穿透海底及随深度变化声速剖面等实际问题, 并提供声场的完全双向解. 本文还给出了双层波导中耦合矩阵的解析表达式, 并利用其验证了本方法中耦合矩阵数值算法的精度. 最后, 利用改善后的全局矩阵耦合简正波模型(DGMCM)计算了美国声学学会(ASA)提出的可穿透楔形波导标准问题, 将所得数值解与参考解比较, 结果表明DGMCM方法可以精确处理水平变化波导中声传播实际问题.
关键词:
耦合简正波理论
全局矩阵方法
可穿透楔形波导 相似文献
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Conventional element-based methods, such as the finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM), require mesh refinements at higher frequencies in order to converge. Therefore, their applications are limited to low frequencies. Compared to element-based methods, the wave-based method (WBM) adopts exact solutions of the governing differential equation instead of simple polynomials to describe the dynamic response variables within the subdomains. As such, the WBM does not require a finer division of subdomains as the frequency increases in order to exhibit high computational efficiency. In this paper, the design sensitivity formulation of a semi-coupled structural-acoustic problem is implemented using the WBM. Here, the results of structural harmonic analyses are imported as the boundary conditions for the acoustic domain, which consists of multiple wave-based subdomains. The cross-sectional area of each beam element is considered as a sizing design variable. Then, the adjoint variable method (AVM) is used to efficiently compute the sensitivity. The adjoint variable is obtained from structural reanalysis using an adjoint load composed of the system matrix and an evaluation of the wave functions of each boundary. The proposed sensitivity formulation is subsequently applied to a two-dimensional (2D) vehicle model. Finally, the sensitivity results are compared to the finite difference sensitivity results, which show good agreement. 相似文献
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目标强度特性是海洋生物声学识别与资源量评估的重要依据,其中,基于近似几何体和声阻抗特性的理论模型法是研究海洋生物目标强度的重要手段。由于对几何形态近似处理以及数值求解方法的限制,传统理论模型对声波频率、入射方位以及目标声阻抗、形态尺寸等均有各自不同的适用范围,单一模型难以满足不同种类或同一种类但不同尺寸海洋生物的目标强度求解。本文尝试将逐渐见诸应用的有限元/边界元耦合方法用于海洋生物目标强度特性研究,分别以球形生物、纺锤形鱼类尾明角灯鱼(Ceratoscopelus warmingii)和细长形浮游动物南极大磷虾(Euphausia superba)为例进行仿真计算,并与相适应的经典理论模型进行对比分析。结果表明,对于球形生物,有限元/边界元耦合方法与解析模型的目标强度频响曲线完全吻合;对于纺锤形鱼类,有限元/边界元耦合方法可有效弥补基于模态级数解的形变圆柱体模型在中低频和两端入射时的准确性问题;对于细长形浮游动物,有限元/边界元耦合方法与畸变波玻恩近似模型高度吻合。综上,有限元/边界元耦合方法对多种海洋生物目标强度求解均具有较好的适用性,未来有待进一步结合实验测定进行验证。 相似文献
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L.M. Ruan M. Xie H. Qi W. An H.P. Tan 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》2006,102(2):190-202
Considering the geometrical applicability, a finite element model (FEM) for coupled radiative-conductive heat transfer has been developed which is applicable to enclosures of arbitrary geometry in present research. The present work provides a solution of coupled heat transfer in a rectangular, cylindrical or annulus enclosure with black or gray walls containing an absorbing-emitting-scattering medium. It is also applied to study the influence of conductive/radiation coefficient, albedo and wall emissivity on the temperature distribution in the medium. Compared with the results available in other references, the present FEM has no limitation with respect to geometry and can predict the coupled radiative-conductive heat transfer in participating media accurately. 相似文献
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为了提高中频声振耦合的计算效率,提出了波函数-统计能量法的结构-声学耦合方法,该方法从波动理论的角度出发,将波函数法(WBM)和统计能量法(SEA)结合,通过在耦合面分别施加声压激励和速度边界条件,推导了耦合面参数理论计算公式。将该方法用到长方体声腔和钢板耦合的模型中,并对100~1000 Hz的计算结果进行了实验验证。WBM-SEA模型与参考FEM-SEA模型以及实验模型的频响曲线对比结果表明,WBM-SEA与FEM-SEA以及实验结果吻合很好,验证了混合WBM-SEA的有效性。通过收敛性分析发现混合WBM-SEA方法计算时间比混合FEM-SEA方法更少。从而可以得出结论:混合波函数-统计能量法方法对中频声振耦合预测是有效的,且比FEM-SEA更加高效。 相似文献
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The edge-based smoothed finite element method (ES-FEM) and the face-based smoothed finite element method (FS-FEM) developed recently have shown great efficiency in solving solid mechanics problems with triangular and tetrahedral meshes. In this paper, a coupled ES-/FS-FEM model is extended to solve the structural-acoustic problems consisting of a plate structure interacting with the fluid medium. Three-node triangular elements and four-node tetrahedral elements are used to discretize the two-dimensional (2D) plate and three-dimensional (3D) fluid, respectively, as they can be generated easily and even automatically for complicated geometries. The field variable in each element is approximated using the linear shape functions, which is exactly the same as that in the standard FEM. The gradient field of the problem is obtained particularly using the gradient smoothing operation over the edge-based and face-based smoothing domains in 2D and 3D, respectively. The gradient smoothing technique can provide a proper softening effect to the model, effectively solve the problems caused by the well-known “overly-stiff” phenomenon existing in the standard FEM, and hence significantly improve the accuracy of the solution for the coupled systems. Intensive numerical studies have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the coupled ES-/FS-FEM for structural-acoustic problems. 相似文献
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基于Ginzberg-Landau理论,发展了一个与WBM模型和KKS模型一致的新相场模型.并利用该相场模型与溶质场耦合计算,以Al-65%Cu合金为例模拟了不同过冷度条件下,二元合金凝固过程的等轴枝晶生长过程.研究过冷度对二元合金等温凝固过程的等轴枝晶生长以及溶质场分布的影响.结果表明:随着过冷度的增大,枝晶的二次枝晶更加发达,浓度Peclet数和枝晶尖端的生长速率增大,而枝晶尖端的曲率半径减小,枝晶前沿的溶质富集现象也更严重;另外,计算结果与Ivantsov理论符合较好.
关键词:
相场法
枝晶生长
溶质场
Ivantsov理论 相似文献
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This work illustrates an engineering approach for the analysis of plywood/fibreglass perforated panels, to be used for the linearisation of the frequency response of medium size rooms below 200 Hz. The sound absorption coefficient of these panels is computed, by means of coupled acoustical/structural finite element (FEM) analyses, as a function of the frequency. The comparison between the results given by a complete numerical model of the panel, and those provided by a simplified numerical model, in which only one hole and surrounding material (wood, air, and fibreglass) are described, shows that the second computational approach provides essentially the same results as the former one, at a quite reasonable cost. The FEM results allow us to understand some details about the air motion inside the panel, and to define suitable assumptions for the construction of a simplified analytical model of the panel. Both the numerical and the analytical results are finally compared to experimental data obtained by means of pressure-particle velocity measurements. 相似文献
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Fluid-Structure Interaction in Microchannel Using Lattice Boltzmann Method and Size-Dependent Beam Element 下载免费PDF全文
V. Esfahanian E. Dehdashti & A. M. Dehrouyeh-Semnani 《advances in applied mathematics and mechanics.》2014,6(3):345-358
Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems in microchannels play prominent roles in many
engineering applications. The present study is an effort towards the simulation of flow
in microchannel considering FSI. Top boundary of the microchannel is assumed to be rigid
and the bottom boundary, which is modeled as a Bernoulli-Euler beam, is simulated by
size-dependent beam elements for finite element method (FEM) based on a modified couple
stress theory. The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) using D2Q13 LB model is coupled to the
FEM in order to solve fluid part of FSI problem. In the present study, the governing
equations are non-dimensionalized and the set of dimensionless groups is exhibited to
show their effects on micro-beam displacement. The numerical results show that the
displacements of the micro-beam predicted by the size-dependent beam element are
smaller than those by the classical beam element. 相似文献
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D. X. Wang Edward K. N. Yung R. S. Chen 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2002,23(11):1659-1675
This paper presents a hybrid method, which couples the vector finite element method (FEM) and method of moment (MOM) for analyzing the field and current distribution of the millimeter wave circuits. The FEM is applied to handle the interior region of dielectric bodies and MOM is used to solve surface integral equations. Then, These integral expressions are coupled into the FEM equations through the continuity of the tangential fields across the connection boundaries. Simultaneously, the short-open calibration (SOC) technique is used for predicting accurately the scattering parameters of the circuits. Numerical results are well compared with those published in the previous literatures. 相似文献