CeO2对Al2O3基陶瓷涂层耐蚀性的影响

通过优化Al2O3基陶瓷涂层配方和工艺,并加入适量的稀土氧化物CeO2,对陶瓷涂层的界面形貌、组织结构、结合力和耐蚀性进行了研究。结果表明,添加适量的稀土氧化物CeO2,使Al2O3基陶瓷涂层致密性、结合力和耐蚀性得到提高。     

TiB2 coating formed on nickel substrates by electroplating in molten salt of fluoride

The TiB2 coatings deposited over nickel substrate by electroplating was investigated, which is in molten salt of a fluoride mixture involving KF, NaF, K2 TiF6 and KBF4. Effects of temperature, cathodic current density (Jc) and duration on the coating's formation were examined. The composition, morphology and structure of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the coatings, with black, smooth and uniform appearance, are composed of predominating TiB2 and small amounts of nickel titanium oxide (Ni0.75 Ti0.125 O). The coatings show a nodular morphology and the grain size is dependent on the Jc and ranges about 1 - 10 μm. There is a linear relationship between the coating's thickness and the time of electrolysis within certain duration range. The reduction of the potassium can take place simultaneously with the electrochemical synthesis of TiB2 as the Jc is in excess of certain level. The hardness of the TiB2 coatings is likely to be deteriorated due to the presence of potassium and Ni0.75Ti0.125 O in the coatings.     

纯钛表面微弧氧化TiO2-B4C复合陶瓷膜耐磨耐蚀性研究

采用微弧氧化工艺,并掺杂B4C颗粒来制备耐磨耐蚀性优异的复合陶瓷膜,系统研究掺杂B4C含量对陶瓷膜微观形貌、物相组成、与基体结合力、显微硬度、粗糙度、耐磨性与耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:相比TiO2陶瓷膜,掺杂B4C颗粒的复合陶瓷膜更均匀致密,且由金红石型TiO2、锐钛矿型TiO2和B4C组成。随B4C浓度增大,陶瓷膜的膜层结合力、耐磨性与耐蚀性均先增强后减弱。由于具有最致密的表面形貌,TiO2-0.9B4C复合陶瓷膜的膜层结合力最大,为22.6 N。TiO2-0.9B4C复合陶瓷膜的破损时间最长,磨痕宽度最小,分别为19.24 min和384.53μm,耐磨性最好,其磨损机理为磨粒磨损与疲劳磨损。其自腐蚀电位与极化电阻最大,腐蚀电流密度最小,分别为-213.38 mV、5.47×10^4Ω·cm^2和2.37×10^-6A·.cm^2,耐蚀性最好。由Bode相图可知,陶瓷膜均由致密内层和疏松表层组成。     

TA2纯钛酒石酸钠溶液阳极氧化膜层微观形貌对腐蚀性能的影响

选择酒石酸钠环保电解液,用恒电势法在不同浓度条件(1,5,15,30和50 g/L)下制备TA2纯钛阳极氧化膜。采用原子力显微镜分析膜层的微观三维形貌,使用电化学工作站研究试样在3.5%NaCl溶液低电位下的极化曲线和电化学交流阻抗谱,探讨微观三维形貌对耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:15 g/L浓度时,氧化膜层细小均匀,生长完整,粗糙度较低,具有宽广的钝化区,最大的极化电阻值,较小的致钝电流值和自腐蚀电流值,耐腐蚀性能最佳。     

等离子喷涂YSZ/NiCrAlY涂层及抗熔融Al-Si腐蚀性能研究

热浸镀Al-Si合金涂层是一种高效的耐蚀技术.然而,其生产过程中与Al-Si熔液直接接触的部件存在严重的Al-Si熔蚀问题.采用大气等离子喷涂(APS)制备了YSZ/NiCrA1Y涂层,研究了主气流量对YSZ(Y-Si-Zr)涂层微观组织结构、力学性能的影响规律、涂层的高温稳定性和耐Al-Si熔液腐蚀行为.结果表明,随...     

氧化钪在nNaF·AlF_3ScF_3熔盐体系中的溶解

通过三因子三水平正交实验设计, 研究了Ｓｃ２Ｏ３ 在ｎＮａＦ·ＡｌＦ３ＳｃＦ３ 熔盐体系中的溶解度与熔盐成分及温度的关系。结果表明, 冰晶石的分子比与ＳｃＦ３ 的含量是影响溶解度的主要因素,ＳｃＦ３ 含量的增加与分子比的降低有利于Ｓｃ２Ｏ３ 的溶解。随温度的升高,Ｓｃ２Ｏ３ 的溶解度增大, 但温度影响显著性相对较小。在冰晶石分子比为２ ．１ 、ＳｃＦ３ 含量９ ％ 时,Ｓｃ２Ｏ３ 的溶解度可达５ ％ 以上。     

Comparison of corrosion resistance between Al2O3 and YSZ coatings against high temperature LiCl-Li2O molten salt

In this study, the high-temperature corrosion resistance of plasma-sprayed ceramic oxide coatings has been evaluated in a LiCl-Li₂O molten salt under an oxidizing environment. Al₂O₃ and YSZ coatings were manufactured by atmospheric plasma spraying onto a Ni alloy substrate. Both the plasma-sprayed Al₂O₃ and YSZ coatings had a typical splat quenched microstructure which contained various types of defects, including incompletely filled pores, inter-splat pores and intra-splat microcracks. Corrosion resistance was evaluated by the thickness reduction of the coating as a function of the immersion time in the LiCl-Li₂O molten salt at a temperature of 650 °C. A linear corrosion kinetic was found for the Al₂O₃ coating, while no thickness variation with time occurred for the YSZ coating. The ceramic oxide coatings were reacted with LiCl-Li₂O molten salt to form a porous reaction layer of LiAl, Li₅AlO₄ and LiAl₅O₈ for the Al₂O₃ coating and a dense reaction layer of non-crystalline phase for the YSZ coating. The reaction products were also formed along the inside coating of the porous channel. The superior corrosion resistance of the YSZ coating was attributed to the formation of a dense protective oxide layer of non-crystalline reaction products on the surface and at the inter-splat pores of the coating.     

铁酸镍基金属陶瓷的强化烧结与熔盐腐蚀行为

采用气氛烧结方法制备NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷材料,并进行960℃的铝电解腐蚀实验.通过分析烧结体的显微结构和物相组成、电解试样的表层形貌与成分以及电解质和阴极铝的杂质含量等,研究BaO、Yb2O3和CoO的添加以及金属相的组成对NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷烧结性能的影响;表征J该金属陶瓷强化烧结体作为铝电解惰性阳极的电解腐蚀性能;并对材料强化烧结机制和熔盐腐蚀行为进行探讨.结果表明烧结过程中,BaO和Yb2O3与该金属陶瓷中的陶瓷相反应生成新的物相,CoO与陶瓷相形成固溶体,并加快烧结致密化进程;以Cu-Ni取代纯Cu和纯Ni作为金属陶瓷的金属相,可提高材料的相对密度;NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷的高致密度可抑制电解过程中金属相的流失和陶瓷相的腐蚀,阳极表层也转变为致密的NiFe2O4相.     

TiAlCr涂层对TiAl金属间化合物抗熔融硫酸盐热腐蚀的影响

研究了溅射ＴｉＡｌＣｒ 涂层对ＴｉＡｌ 金属间化合物抗硫酸盐热腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,８５０ ℃时,９０ ％ Ｎａ２ＳＯ４ ＋ １０ ％ Ｋ２ＳＯ４ 中Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ 和Ｔｉ２４Ａｌ１４Ｎｂ３Ｖ 都遭受严重热腐蚀。ＴｉＡｌＣｒ 涂层能大大改善ＴｉＡｌ 金属间化合物的抗热腐蚀性能。带Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ１０Ｃｒ 涂层的Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ 表面形成一层完整致密的Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 膜, 涂层与基材之间无明显互扩散。带Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ１０Ｃｒ 涂层的Ｔｉ２４Ａｌ１４Ｎｂ３Ｖ 表面虽然也形成Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 膜, 但在其上面长出一些ＴｉＯ２ 瘤。这可能是涂层与基材之间的互扩散导致涂层中Ｔｉ 含量增加,Ａｌ 含量减少而生成ＴｉＯ２ 的结果。将涂层成分调整为Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ２０Ｃｒ 后, 带Ｔｉ５０Ａｌ２０Ｃｒ 涂层的Ｔｉ２４Ａｌ１４Ｎｂ３Ｖ 表面生成了连续的Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 膜, 其抗热腐蚀性能良好。     

化学转化膜上沉积镍对镁合金耐腐蚀性能的影响

将化学转化和化学镀镍结合在一起,先对铸态AZ91D合金进行锡酸盐转化处理,然后在转化膜上进行化学镀镍.研究了转化膜及化学镀镍涂层的成分、结构和耐腐蚀性能.结果表明:锡酸盐转化处理后合金表面形成了以MgSnO3*H2O为主要成分的转化膜,可对合金起到一定的防护作用; 转化膜由细小的球形颗粒密积而成,颗粒之间存在间隙,它可以为化学镀镍的前处理过程提供良好的吸附条件; 转化膜上的化学镀镍层组织致密、无缺陷,MgSnO3*H2O转化膜在镀镍层与基体之间起到过渡作用,镀层的磷含量达到9%,与基体结合良好; 在3.5% NaCl (pH=7)溶液中的动电位极化测试表明,镀镍以后的合金在阳极极化过程中发生了明显的钝化,耐腐蚀性能进一步提高,对基体起到了较好的防护作用.     

Effect of boron concentration on the corrosion resistance of cast B‐bearing steel in molten zinc

The microstructures, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in molten zinc of five kinds of cast B‐bearing steels containing X wt% B ‐ 0.8 wt% Si ‐ 1.0 wt% Mn ‐ (1.0～2.0) wt% Cr ‐ (0.3～0.5) wt% C (X = 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50) were studied. The effects of boron concentration on microstructure and mechanical properties of cast B‐bearing steels have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness and impact tester. The evaluation of corrosion resistance in molten zinc of cast B‐bearing steel is calculated from the slopes of mass loss versus dipping time and surface area of sample at 480 °C. The results showed that boride volume fraction and hardness increased and the impact toughness of cast B‐bearing steel decreased with the increase in boron concentration. The corrosion rate of cast B‐bearing steels decreased and corrosion resistance in molten zinc increased with the increase in boron concentration. Moreover, the corrosion rate of cast B‐bearing steels decreased with the increase in temperature of molten zinc.     

6063铝合金碱性化学镀镍耐腐蚀性能研究

针对6063铝合金不耐碱腐蚀的问题,对其表面进行了碱性化学镀镍处理以提高其在碱性溶液中的耐腐蚀性能.采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分别分析了镀镍层的表面微观形貌、成分和物相结构;采用电化学和全浸蚀腐蚀试验方法测试了铝合金化学镀镍前后在w(NaOH)=4%的NaOH溶液阳极极化曲线和腐蚀失重.研究结果表明,铝合金化学镀镍处理后其表面获得了致密的非晶态高磷镀镍层,化学镀镍后的铝合金阳极极化电位达到析氧过电位时,镀层依然没有破坏,并且该镀层在w(NaOH)=4%的NaOH溶液中基本不发生腐蚀.     

纯钛表面辉光放电W-Mo共渗层的耐磨及耐蚀性能

采用等电位空心阴极辉光放电技术对纯钛进行W-Mo二元共渗,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、显微硬度计对试样的结构形貌、渗层成分分布及相组成、硬度进行研究.利用摩擦磨损试验仪对试样的摩擦学性能进行研究,利用电化学腐蚀工作站,研究了W-Mo合金渗层在常温静态条件下,在3.5％ NaCl腐蚀介质中的耐蚀性能.结果表明,经W-Mo共渗处理后纯钛表面形成了一层均匀致密的W-Mo改性层,渗层最大厚度达到16.6 μm,最大硬度达到1196HV0.1,是基体的6.85倍.W-Mo共渗后改性层主要由W、Mo、MoTi、TixW1-x相组成.由于表面硬度的大幅提升,试样表面的耐磨性也显著提高,最低摩擦系数仅为0.23,较原始试样的0.516明显减小.测得的试样最低腐蚀速率为0.0016 mm/a,是原始试样的1/230,耐蚀性能也显著提高.     

Sulfate-induced hot corrosion of nickel

Nickel specimens with layers of Na₂SO₄ deposited on the metal surface have been reacted in O₂+4% SO₂ in the temperature range 660–900°C. At temperatures from 671°C (the eutectic temperature of Na₂SO₄+NiSO₄ liquid solutions) to 884°C (the melting point of Na₂SO₄), molten Na₂SO₄+NiSO₄ is formed in the scales above critical pressures of SO₃, and the molten sulfate causes accelerated hot corrosion of nickel. The rapid hot corrosion is preceded by an incubation period during which Na₂SO₄+NiSO₄ solid solutions and eventually molten sulfate are formed. The critical SO₃ pressures for formation of molten sulfate as a function of temperature have been delineated through experimental observations, and these are in agreement with theoretical estimates. When only solid solutions of Na₂SO₄+NiSO₄ can be formed, the reactions are slower than specimens with no Na₂SO₄ layer. The reaction mechanism is concluded to involve inward transport of SO₃/NiSO₄ and of oxygen through the molten sulfate distributed as a network in the NiO layer of the outer part of the scale. Beneath the NiO/molten sulfate layer, the scale consists of NiO with a network of Ni₃S₂. Sulfur, present as (Ni-S)_liq, is enriched at the metal/scale interface. Nickel diffuses outward through the Ni₃S₂ network in the inner layer to the boundary of the NiO/molten sulfate layer, where it reacts with the inwardly diffusing oxygen and SO₃/NiSO₄. The enrichment of sulfur next to the metal is concluded to be due to inward sulfur transport in the NiO+Ni-sulfide layer.     

杯突变形对热镀锌合金化镀层耐腐蚀性的影响

测试了不同变形量热镀锌合金化镀层在3.5wt%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,并用SEM观察了镀层腐蚀前后的表面形貌。结果表明,在杯突变形初始阶段,阻抗值下降幅度较大,随后趋于平缓;当变形量为5 mm时,GA镀层表面的腐蚀电流达到最大值,腐蚀最严重。此时,浓差极化效应最弱,镀层表面裂纹缝隙内的各相和基体发生阳极反应,裂纹外部边缘镀层发生阴极反应。随着变形量的增加,阳极和阴极反应同时在裂纹内的各相和基体上进行。腐蚀产物粘附在裂纹内部,增大了溶液的扩散阻力,降低了腐蚀速率。     

Influence of Yb2O3 addition on microstructure and corrosion resistance of 10Cu/（10NiO-NiFe2O4） cermets

10Cu/(10NiO-NiFe₂O₄) cermets doped with Yb₂O₃ were prepared by conventional powder metallurgy technique. The effects of Yb₂O₃ content and sintering temperature on the relative density, phase composition, microstructure of the sintered cermets and the corrosion resistance to Na₃AlF₆-Al₂O₃ melts were investigated by sintered density test, XRD analysis and SEM. YbFeO₃ phase, which distributes in the ceramics grain boundary as particles or film, is produced by the reaction between Yb₂O₃ and ceramics. The addition of Yb₂O₃ accelerates the sintering process of ceramics matrix, eliminates pores in the boundary and results in coarsened crystalline grain. The relative density of the cermets with about 1% (mass fraction) Yb₂O₃ sintered at 1275 °C increases to above 95%. Addition of about 1.0% Yb₂O₃ can inhibit obviously the corrosion of NiFe₂O₄ grain boundary and Cu phase in Na₃AlF₆-Al₂O₃ melts.     

镁合金表面新颖多层的耐腐蚀Mg-Al金属间化合物涂层(英文)

通过AlCl3-NaCl熔盐扩散表面改性,在镁合金表面制备多层的Mg-Al金属间化合物层。熔盐扩散的处理温度为400 °C,此温度低于纯铝粉扩散的处理温度。熔盐扩散处理后,在镁合金表面形成 Al12Mg17、Al0.58Mg0.42和Al3Mg2多相层的金属间化合物涂层。通过电化学阻抗实验将表面改性和未经表面改性的镁合金的耐蚀性进行比较,发现镁合金表面经过熔盐扩散处理的极化电阻远大于未经表面改性镁合金的。这是因为在镁合金表面形成均匀的多相金属间化合物层。     

激光熔覆Ni-Si金属硅化物复合材料涂层显微组织与耐蚀性

以Ni,Si,Cr元素粉末为原料 ,利用激光熔覆技术在A3钢表面制得了Ni Si金属硅化物复合材料涂层。分析了该涂层的显微组织 ,采用测定阳极极化曲线的方法评价了该涂层在 0 .5mol/LH2 SO4 及 3 .5 %NaCl水溶液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明 :激光熔覆Ni Si金属硅化物复合材料涂层组织由Ni2 Si初生胞状树枝晶及枝晶间少量FeNi/Ni31Si12 共晶组成 ,涂层表面平整、组织细小、与基体间为完全冶金结合 ;涂层组织显微硬度在HV80 0～ 95 0之间且沿层深分布均匀 ;由于涂层组织组成相Ni2 Si和Ni31Si12 等本身均具有很好的耐蚀性并具有快速凝固细小均匀的显微组织 ,激光熔覆Ni Si金属硅化物复合材料涂层在 0 .5mol/LH2 SO4 及 3.5 %NaCl水溶液中均表现出优良的耐蚀性能。激光熔覆Ni Si金属硅化物复合材料涂层可望成为一种很有发展前景的耐蚀涂层新材料。     

合金元素Al对Ni-10 wt. % Fe基合金在熔融NaCl中腐蚀行为影响研究

NaCl及其混合盐作为太阳能中高温相变储热介质具有很多优点,但熔融氯化盐对金属储热容器材料具有强烈腐蚀性。研究了Al添加量分别为0 wt. %、5 wt. %和10 wt. %的三种Ni-10 wt. % Fe基试样（分别为1#、2#和3#）在850℃熔融NaCl中的腐蚀行为,分析了试样表面腐蚀产物和腐蚀残盐成分,对比了试样横截面腐蚀特征和元素变化趋势,探讨了腐蚀机制。结果表明,三种试样的腐蚀动力学曲线均满足线性腐蚀规律;添加Al的试样平均质量损失率大幅降低,2#和3#试样腐蚀速率分别为1#试样的12%和20%。原子量较小的Al优先于Fe、Ni被氧化和生成高温稳定性好的Al2O3,是腐蚀速率降低的两个主要原因。但Al含量较高（如本文中的10 wt. %）时,基体中Al原子向试样表面扩散较为容易,氧化膜较厚,且易于脱落,又导致腐蚀速率增大。本研究对研发耐熔融氯化盐腐蚀的新型合金奠定了基础。