急性心肌梗塞的血液粘度变化

用NXE-1型锥板式粘度计测定了11例急性心肌梗塞患者的全血表观粘度和血浆粘度。对其中2例做了动态观察。急性心肌梗塞组低切变率(5.75,11.5 s~1)、全血表观粘度显著增高(P<0.05),血浆粘度、红细胞聚集指数、血浆纤维蛋白原含量、红细胞电泳时间均非常显著增加(P<0.01)。动态观察表明,心肌便塞后第2日全血表观粘度即增高,第4日达高峰,第7日有下降趋势,但仍高于心肌梗塞后第1日的全血表观粘度,急性心肌梗塞后血液流变性质的变化将进一步加重心肌缺血。     

功能性水性氟硅聚合物的制备

在反应温度为85~90°C,反应时间为3.5~4 h,催化剂含量(质量百分数)为反应物总量的0.005%~0.01%以及无溶剂的条件下,采用硅氢加成法将烯丙基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、含氟单体及硅烷偶联剂与低含氢硅油进行接枝共聚,成功地制备了一系列有机氟硅聚合物。通过控制聚合物的投料比,可以通过自乳化法制备得到水性氟硅聚合物乳液。采用红外光谱和透射电子显微镜对有关产物和乳液进行了结构分析,系统地研究了乳液流变性、表面张力等性能,结果表明:w=0.020的水性氟硅水分散物的表面张力降低至20.0~26.0 N/m;从流变曲线可以看出结构对其粘度的影响;偶联剂的引入,对表观粘度及流变性有比较大的影响。     

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-聚四亚甲基醚多嵌段共聚物的Mark-Houwink-Sakurada方程

本文采用了四氯乙烷-甲醇和三氯乙烯-庚烷两组具有不同溶解性能的分级体系,利用交叉分级方法对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-聚四亚甲基醚多嵌段共聚物(PET-PTMG)进行分级。测定了各级分的数均分子量,在氯仿溶剂中,30℃时的特性粘数以及分子量多分散系数(M_W/M_n)。结果表明,在PET含量由14.4%—26.0%,数均分子量由1×10~4—1×10~5范围内,PET-PTMG可近似用一个MHS方程表征特性粘数与分子量关系。[η]=4.60×10~(-2)M_η~(0.09)试样的数均分子量M_n可由下式计算[η]=4.60×10~(-2)(M_W/M_n~(0.58)M_n~(0.69)在订定MHS方程时,考虑了级分试样的分子量多分散性修正。     

碳酸氢钠热分解反应非等温动力学研究

本文提出一个热分析反应动力学的验证方程式。用热重法(TG)结合微商热重法(DTG)与等温实验,从判断固相反应机理入手,研究了常压下碳酸氢钠热分解反应的动力学与机理。实验表明,其反应属于Avrami-Erofeev的核生成与核成长为控制步骤的A_(1.5)机理。动力学方程式为:da/dt=7.57×10~8×e~(-86.6×10~3)J/(RT){3/2(1-a)[-ln(1-a)]~(1/3)}。表观活化能E为86.6kJ·mol~(-1),频率因子A为7.57×10~8s~(-1),两者补偿关系为:lnA=0.287E-4.44。     

N,N''-4,4''-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺的均相合成

以4,4′-二胺基二苯基甲烷和顺丁烯二酸酐为原料,采用均相体系、共沸蒸馏的方法,一步合成了N,N-′4,4′-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BM I),收率为86%。并用高效液相色谱测定出产物的相对含量为98.3%,用红外光谱表征了产物的分子结构,用毛细管法测定了产物熔点为158~160°C。     

N,N-′4,4′-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺的均相合成

以4,4′-二胺基二苯基甲烷和顺丁烯二酸酐为原料,采用均相体系、共沸蒸馏的方法,一步合成了N,N-′4,4′-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BM I),收率为86%。并用高效液相色谱测定出产物的相对含量为98.3%,用红外光谱表征了产物的分子结构,用毛细管法测定了产物熔点为158~160°C。     

抗牛胰岛素McAb的特点及应用

作者在丹麦NOVO公司制备了5种抗牛胰岛素McAb,并对其特点及实际应用进行了初步研究。结果表明,腹水液抗体滴度为2×10~3～2×10~5,免疫球蛋白含量高达10～30mg/ml,除1种为IgG_(2α)外,其余均属IgG1。不同的McAb,其半最大结合~(125)碘-牛胰岛素时间及半离解时间常数相差悬殊,因而与牛胰岛素结合的亲和力也很不一样(Ka为1.8×10~8～3.1×10~9 L/M)。不同种属的胰岛素原、胰岛素及其碎片的置换反应结果表明,5种     

海藻酸钠的含量及分子量测定

海藻酸钠是一种天然多糖,长期来在药物剂型中作为辅料并用于食品工业。其质量要求未见中国药典规定。根据英国准药典BPC的规定,我们对二种国产、一种日本产海藻酸钠进行了研究,结果均符合标准。本文提出一种基于重量分析的含量测定法和一种可了解分子约略大小的重量平均分子量测定方法,增加这两个项目后,可有效区分不同生产工艺的海藻酸钠的质量。本文的样品Ⅲ系用固相交换法制得,经测定其含量(80.38％)、重量平均分子量(1.18×10~5)、特性粘数(2.36),均较沉淀法产品为低。     

颅内星形细胞瘤的磁共振波谱分析

目的:应用磁共振波谱(MRS)成像,对各种代谢产物比值在术前评价星形细胞瘤组织学分级中的价值。方法:41例经病理组织学证实的星形细胞瘤,均在常规MR扫描后,进行MRS成像及普通增强扫描。获得代谢产物曲线,利用分析软件包(function-tool)计算NAA/Cr,Ch/Cr,NAA/Ch,进行统计学分析。结果:高度恶性星形细胞瘤(21例)NAA/Cr,Ch/Cr,NAA/Ch值分别为0.68±0.25(0.24~1.23)、4.87±1.89(2.33~7.99)及0.18±0.11(0.06~0.47)。低度恶性星形细胞瘤(20例)NNA/Cr,Ch/Cr,NAA/Ch值分别为0.97±0.42(0.46~2.30)、2.36±1.22(1.14~6.38)及0.45±0.36(0.16~1.71)。结论:MRS对星形细胞瘤术前分级具有重要价值。     

固相萃取法用于生物样品中头孢克肟浓度测定的样品准备

目的　建立反相固相萃取法 ,用于血浆和支气管肺胞灌流液 (BAL)中头孢克肟 (CFX)浓度测定的准备 ,并以HPLC法测定CFX含量。方法　用Sep pakC18固相萃取柱富集、提取生物样品中CFX ,对固相萃取的上样速度、洗脱用缓冲液pH值、洗脱用甲醇体积对回收率的影响进行了研究 ,并选择了最佳样品处理条件。结果　CFX血浆浓度在 0 .1～ 4.0 μg/ml,BAL中浓度在 0 .0 12 5～ 0 .4μg/ml范围内具有良好线性关系 ;CFX在血浆和BAL中的回收率分别为 ( 99.2± 2 .36 ) %和 ( 97.9± 2 .77) % ;血浆及BAL样品的日内、日间RSD均小于 5 %。结论　本法简单、灵敏 ,适用于生物样品中CFX浓度的测定。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.