氧化石墨烯(GO)修饰的TiO_2纳米管阵列光阳极的制备及其在染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)中的应用

文章采用二步阳极氧化法在纯钛片上制备了TiO2纳米管阵列,并用GO溶液修饰与其形成GO/TiO2纳米复合薄膜,修饰后的复合薄膜光电化学性能增强,组装成DSSC提高其光电转换效率,短路电流密度为13.2 mA·cm-2,光电转换效率为6.22%,相对于基于TiO2纳米管的DSSC电池分别提高了53%和30%。     

用于敏化太阳能电池的二氧化钛光阳极材料

敏化太阳能电池是当前清洁能源领域的研究热点之一,有望成为第三代太阳能电池。二氧化钛作为敏化太阳能电池的光阳极材料之一被广泛研究。主要综述了近20 a来二氧化钛光阳极材料的结构进展,并从电子注入效率、电子传输和基底电荷收集效率方面评述了各种结构的应用特点。另外,描述了当代三明治状二氧化钛工作电极的超薄保形覆盖层、工作层和阻挡层。然后,重点介绍了用于电子传输工作层的二氧化钛一维纳米阵列的制备方法及特点。最后,展望了光阳极结构与合成方法的未来发展趋势。     

高度有序非晶TiO2纳米管阵列的制备及其锂电性能研究

采用阳极氧化法制备了高度有序的TiO2纳米管阵列,借助XRD、TEM、SEM、EDX以及恒流充/放电方法以及循环伏安法研究了其微观结构、形貌及脱/嵌锂性能,并与锐钛矿型进行了比较研究.结果表明:阳极氧化法制备的TiO2纳米管阵列为无定形的非晶相结构,且沿垂直于钛片表面的方向定向排列;450℃热处理2h可促使TiO2纳米管由非晶相结构转变成锐钛矿型晶体,但并没有明显影响纳米管阵列的形貌;与锐钛矿型TiO2纳米管阵列电极相比,非晶态电极表现出了较高的脱/嵌锂容量,因为非晶态电极中的无序结构和缺陷为Li+脱/嵌提供了更多的空间和空位.     

具有三维多孔结构钛箔表面上液相沉积法制备柔性DSSCs光阳极

用双氧水氧化法将钛箔表面氧化为三维多孔结构,以其为基板,用液相沉积法在氧化后的钛箔表面生长一定厚度的氧化钛膜,并用于柔性染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)光阳极.60℃沉积、烧结、敏化、组装电池后,AM1.5模拟太阳光照下柔性DSSCs的光电转换效率达2.56％.沉积工艺对电池有明显影响,先在80℃沉积再于60℃沉积制备的具有梯度结构的光阳极,其DSSCs光电转换效率达3.09％.     

A maskless synthesis of TiO2-nanofiber-based hierarchical structures for solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with improved performance

TiO₂ hierarchical nanostructures with secondary growth have been successfully synthesized on electrospun nanofibers via surfactant-free hydrothermal route. The effect of hydrothermal reaction time on the secondary nanostructures has been studied. The synthesized nanostructures comprise electrospun nanofibers which are polycrystalline with anatase phase and have single crystalline, rutile TiO₂ nanorod-like structures growing on them. These secondary nanostructures have a preferential growth direction [110]. UV–vis spectroscopy measurements point to better dye loading capability and incident photon to current conversion efficiency spectra show enhanced light harvesting of the synthesized hierarchical structures. Concomitantly, the dye molecules act as spacers between the conduction band electrons of TiO₂ and holes in the hole transporting medium, i.e., spiro-OMeTAD and thus enhance open circuit voltage. The charge transport and recombination effects are characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. As a result of improved light harvesting, dye loading, and reduced recombination losses, the hierarchical nanofibers yield 2.14% electrochemical conversion efficiency which is 50% higher than the efficiency obtained by plain nanofibers.     

TiO2–BaTiO3 nanocomposite for electron capture in dye‐sensitized solar cells

Different compositions of TiO₂–BaTiO₃ nanocomposites are synthesized with various weight ratios for dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications. TiO₂ and BaTiO₃ nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized by sol‐gel and solvothermal methods, respectively and are employed as the photoanode electrodes. BaTiO₃ NPs have pure cubic perovskite crystal structure with an average size of 20‐40 nm, while TiO₂ NPs show pure anatase phase with 15‐30 nm size. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) enhancement of the cells is first attained by controlling the thickness of the films for light harvesting improvement. The fabricated DSSC composed of pure BaTiO₃ NPs with an optimal thickness of 25 μm shows efficiency of 6.83%, whereas that made of pure TiO₂ NPs with 14 μm thickness has cell efficiency of 7.24%. Further improvement of cell efficiency is achieved by preparation of binary oxide nanocomposites using TiO₂ and BaTiO₃ NPs with various weight ratios. The highest PCE of 9.40% is obtained for the nanocomposite with TiO₂:BaTiO₃=85:15 (wt%). The enhancement is assigned to less recombination of photo‐generated electrons and higher incident photon to current conversion yield as a result of rapid charge collection and higher dye sensitization.     

Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous anatase TiO2 nanostructures via organic acid precursor process for dye-sensitized solar cells applications

Titania (TiO₂) nanoparticles have been synthesized using organic precursor technique. The titania nanoparticles were characterized. The results indicated that the prepared titanium oxalate and citrate precursors were transformed to anatase TiO₂ phase at temperature 400 °C for 2 h. Dye-sensitized solar cells were assembled using the prepared nanocrystalline TiO₂ with large surface area. The specific surface area S_BET was 80.9 and 78.6 m²/g using oxalic and citric acids, respectively. The power efficiency was 3.5 and 2.4%. A brief discussion on the possible reasons behind the low power conversion efficiency observed for these type of solar cells was reported.