拟线性抛物方程组第一边界问题的有限差分法

本文利用有限差分法来作出拟线性抛物方程组u_t=(-1)^M+1A(x,t,u…,u_x^M-1)u_x^2M+F(x,t,u,…,u_x^2M-1) (1)具有齐次边界条件u_xk(0,t)=u_xk(l,t)=0 (k=0,1,…,M-1) (2)与初始条件u(x,0)=φ(x) (3)在矩形区域Q_T={0≤x≤l,0≤t≤T}上的解,其中u=(u₁,…,u_m),φ(x)与F为m维向量值函数,A为m×m正定矩阵。证明了问题(1),(2)与(3)的一类相当广泛的有限差分格式的解的收敛性。所得向量值极限函数u(x,t)∈W₂^2M,1(Q_T)是问题(1),(2),(3)的唯一广义整体解。     

Hilbert空间上线性算子广义逆A(2)T,S的存在性及其表示式

设H₁和H₂是两个Hilbert空间, B(H₁,H₂)表示从H₁到H₂的所有有界线性算子的集合, T和S分别是H₁和H₂的两个闭子空间. 如果存在线性算子X ∈ B(H₂,H₁)满足XAX=X, R(X)=T, N(X)=S,则称X为线性算子$A$的具有指定像空间T和零空间S的外逆,记为A⁽²⁾_T,S. 该文进一步研究了线性算子广义逆A⁽²⁾_T,S存在的若干等价条件及其性质,建立了算子广义逆A⁽²⁾_T,S的表示形式.     

Banach空间上有界线性算子的Drazin逆的扰动分析

设X为一复域C上的Banach空间,设T:X→X为一有界线性算子,其指标为k且R(T^k)闭.记T的Drazin逆为T^D.设T=T+δT,则在一定条件下,T^D有简明分解式T^D=T^D(I+δTT^D)^-1=(I+T^DδT)^-1T^D,从而导出了相对误差‖T^D-T^D<     

拟线性抛物方程组第一边界问题的有限差分法 ——Ⅲ.稳定性

讨论如下拟线性抛物组第一边值问题的显式、弱隐式和强隐式差分解u_t=(-1)^M+1A(x,t,u,…,u_x^M-1)u_x^2M+f(x,t,u,…,u_x^2M-1(x,t)∈Q_T={O<x<l,0<t≤T.}，u_x^k(0，t)=u_x^k(l，t)=0 (k=0，1，…，M -1)，0<t≤T，u(x，0)=φ(x)，0≤x≤l，其中u，φ和f是m维向量值函数，A是m×m正定矩阵，u_t=∂u/∂t，u_x^k=∂^ku/∂x^k.在以下意义下证明了该问题的一般有限差分格式的稳定性：即离散向量解在W₂^(2M，M)(Q_T)中的离散范数是连续地依赖于初始数据的H^M离散范数，以及矩阵A与自由项f的相应的离散范数.     

对称群表示的既约分解

S_n是n个文字的对称群,T^d为C[x₁,x₂,…,x_n]中d次齐式所成的子空间.T^d做为S_n模所确定的S_n的表示记为ρ^d.π(α)为与分析α相对应的既约表示.记N^d_α为,π(α)进入ρ^d的重数,做为文献[1]的继续,本文简化了幂级数所满足的递推公式,并具体求出了母函数的表达式。     

规范场对偶荷的主丛结构

在电磁场的规范理论中,磁单极g(电荷的对偶荷)周围的电磁场的性质,可以用以S²为底的非平凡U₁主丛P_D(S²,U₁)(D=2eg为整数)来描写。本文讨论了非平凡主丛P_D(S²,U₁)的拓扑性质,及其作为Riemann流形的几何结构。证明了P_D(S²,U₁)同构于Hopf丛S³/Z_D;在适当引入度规后,静止的单个磁单极的主丛P_D(S²,U₁)本身成为S³/Z_D。 此外,以SU₂规范场为例,考察了如何将对偶荷的概念推广到非Abel规范场的问题,讨论了相应的主丛的拓扑分类。基于球上主丛的同伦分类理论,文中指出,第二陈类可用来表征S⁴≈E⁴上的SU₂整体规范场的拓扑分类(规范型),因而定义第二陈类为SU₂对偶荷。文中还证明了,最小SU₂对偶荷的主丛P_D(S²,U₂)同构于Hopf丛S⁷,适当引入度规则构成七维球S⁷;相应的规范势恰好就是资料[7]的O₅不变的SU₂磁单极势,或者资料[8]中的Yang-Mills类粒子解。 我们采取的对主纤维丛的拓扑分类方法具有普遍性,可以推广到其它非Abel规范场的情形。     

对合的分解

Using the notion of biconnected sum we define the biconnected sum (T₁, M₁)§(T₂,M₂) of two involutions (T1M1) and (T2,M2) which is an involution on the biconnected sum M₁,§M₂. A connected involution is said to be reducible if it can be expressed as a biconnected sum of two connected involutions.Theorem Each connected involution (T, M) can be decomposed into a bi-connected sum of connected irreducible involutions (T, M)=(T₁, M₁)§…§(T_q,M_q),and (?) where the coefficients of H_{n_1}(M) are in Z/2 Z if M is unoriented, in Z if is oriented .     

n阶泛函微分方程边值问题

本文研究下列n阶RFDE边值问题:x⁽ⁿ⁾(t)=f(t,x_t,x(t),x′(t),…,x^(n-1)(t)),　t∈［0,T ］,x(t)=φ(t),t∈［-r,0］;x′(0)=η,x″(0)=η₂,…,x^(n-2) (0)=η_n-2,x^(j)(T)=A,其中j∈I={0,1,2,…,n-1},得到了解的存在性和唯一性新的结果.     

n × n 上三角算子矩阵的单值扩张性以及应用*

设X_i是无穷维复Banach空间, L(X_j,X_i)是X_j到X_i上的有界线性算子全体.考虑 n × n 上三角算子矩阵T=(T_ij)_1≤j≤n, 其中T_ij L(X_j,X_i),1≤j≤n; T_ij=0, i>j.本文研究了T的单值扩张性, 通过考察集合S(T)={λ∈C}: T在点λ没有SVEP},证明了S(T)在i=1 ? nS(T_i)中退化,进而给出等式S(T)=i=1 ? n S(T_i)成立的条件. 同时, 考察了T的单值扩张性扰动,得到了S(T)保持对角稳定时T_i所需的条件并予以证明, 同时举例说明这些条件的合理性.最后, 给出单值扩张性关于谱σ(T)和局部谱σT (x)的应用, 得到了谱扰动和局部谱扰动不变的新条件.     

多元Szász—Mirkjan算子的一致逼近

本文研究了多元Szása—Mirakjan算子在C_2B(T)中的逼近性质,利用K—泛函,建立了等价的逼近定理.主要结果如下 定理设f∈C_2B(T),0a) ;(ii)‖S_n,m(f)-f‖_∞ =0(n^-a);(iii)a)‖f(x+tφ(x),y)-2f(x,y)+f(x-tφ(x),y)‖_∞ =0(t<     

Operator and matrix representation for the generalized inverse AT,S(2)A_{T,S}^{(2)}

This paper presents the matrix representation for extension of inverse of restriction of a linear operator to a subspace, on the basis of which we establish useful representations in operator and matrix form for the generalized inverse A_T,S⁽²⁾A_{T,S}^{(2)} and give some of their applications.     

Maps Between Uniform Algebras Preserving Norms of Rational Functions

Let A, B be uniform algebras. Suppose that A ₀, B ₀ are subgroups of A ⁻¹, B ⁻¹ that contain exp A, exp B respectively. Let α be a non-zero complex number. Suppose that m, n are non-zero integers and d is the greatest common divisor of m and n. If T : A ₀ → B ₀ is a surjection with ||T(f)^mT(g)ⁿ - a||_￥ = ||f^mgⁿ - a||_￥{\|T(f)^{m}T(g)^{n} - \alpha\|_{\infty} = \|f^{m}g^{n} - \alpha\|_{\infty}} for all f,g ? A₀{f,g \in A_0}, then there exists a real-algebra isomorphism [(T)\tilde] : A ? B{\tilde{T} : A \rightarrow B} such that [(T)\tilde](f)^d = (T(f)/T(1))^d{\tilde{T}(f)^d = (T(f)/T(1))^d} for every f ? A₀{f \in A_0}. This result leads to the following assertion: Suppose that S _A , S _B are subsets of A, B that contain A ⁻¹, B ⁻¹ respectively. If m, n > 0 and a surjection T : S _A → S _B satisfies ||T(f)^mT(g)ⁿ - a||_￥ = ||f^mgⁿ - a||_￥{\|T(f)^{m}T(g)^{n} - \alpha\|_{\infty} = \|f^{m}g^{n} - \alpha\|_{\infty}} for all f, g ? S_A{f, g \in S_A}, then there exists a real-algebra isomorphism [(T)\tilde] : A ? B{\tilde{T} : A \rightarrow B} such that [(T)\tilde](f)^d = (T(f)/T(1))^d{\tilde{T}(f)^d = (T(f)/T(1))^d} for every f ? S_A{f \in S_A}. Note that in these results and elsewhere in this paper we do not assume that T(exp A) = exp B.     

The smooth Banach submanifold B*(E, F) in B(E, F)

Let E,F be two Banach spaces,B(E,F),B+(E,F),Φ(E,F),SΦ(E,F) and R(E,F) be bounded linear,double splitting,Fredholm,semi-Frdholm and finite rank operators from E into F,respectively. Let Σ be any one of the following sets:{T ∈Φ(E,F):Index T=constant and dim N(T)=constant},{T ∈ SΦ(E,F):either dim N(T)=constant< ∞ or codim R(T)=constant< ∞} and {T ∈ R(E,F):Rank T=constant< ∞}. Then it is known that Σ is a smooth submanifold of B(E,F) with the tangent space TAΣ={B ∈ B(E,F):BN(A)-R(A) } for any A ∈Σ. However,for ...     

A quadratic approximation for protein sequence to structure mapping

The existence and representations of some generalized inverses, includingA _{T, *} ⁽²⁾ ,A _{T, *} ^(1,2) ,A _{T, *} ^(2,3) ,A _*,S ⁽²⁾ ,A _*,S ^(1,2) andA _*,S ^(2,4) , are showed. As applications, the perturbation theory for the generalized inverseA _T,S ⁽²⁾ and the perturbation bound for unique solution of the general restricted systemAx=b (dim (AT)=dimT,b∈AT andx∈T) are studied. Moreover, a characterization and representation of the generalized inverseA _{T, *} ^Emphasis>(2) is obtained.     

A generalization of peripherally-multiplicative surjections between standard operator algebras

Let A and B be standard operator algebras on Banach spaces X and Y, respectively. The peripheral spectrum σ_π (T) of T is defined by σ_π (T) = z ∈ σ(T): |z| = max_w∈σ(T) |w|. If surjective (not necessarily linear nor continuous) maps φ, ϕ: A → B satisfy σ_π (φ(S)ϕ(T)) = σ_π (ST) for all S; T ∈ A, then φ and ϕ are either of the form φ(T) = A ₁ TA ₂ ⁻¹ and ϕ(T) = A ₂ TA ₁ ⁻¹ for some bijective bounded linear operators A ₁; A ₂ of X onto Y, or of the form φ(T) = B ₁ T*B ₂ ⁻¹ and ϕ(T) = B ₂ T*B ⁻¹ for some bijective bounded linear operators B ₁;B ₂ of X* onto Y.      

Biorthogonal systems based on {2}-inverse with prescribed range and null space

In this paper, the transformations of generating systems of Euclidean space are examined in connection with the 2-inverseA _T,S ⁽²⁾ , S which has prescribed rangeT and null spaceS of their Gram matrices. The biorthogonal systems of the Moore-Penrose inverse and the Drazin inverse are extended to the {2}-inverseA _T,S ⁽²⁾ .     

Generating orthogonal matrix polynomials satisfying second order differential equations from a trio of triangular matrices

The method developed in [A.J. Durán, F.A. Grünbaum, Orthogonal matrix polynomials satisfying second order differential equations, Int. Math. Res. Not. 10 (2004) 461–484] led us to consider matrix polynomials that are orthogonal with respect to weight matrices W(t) of the form , , and (1−t)^α(1+t)^βT(t)T^*(t), with T satisfying T^′=(2Bt+A)T, T(0)=I, T^′=(A+B/t)T, T(1)=I, and T^′(t)=(−A/(1−t)+B/(1+t))T, T(0)=I, respectively. Here A and B are in general two non-commuting matrices. We are interested in sequences of orthogonal polynomials (P_n)_n which also satisfy a second order differential equation with differential coefficients that are matrix polynomials F₂, F₁ and F₀ (independent of n) of degrees not bigger than 2, 1 and 0 respectively. To proceed further and find situations where these second order differential equations hold, we only dealt with the case when one of the matrices A or B vanishes.The purpose of this paper is to show a method which allows us to deal with the case when A, B and F₀ are simultaneously triangularizable (but without making any commutativity assumption).     

Expansion of Analytic Functions in Series of Floquet Solutions of First Order Differential Systems

In this paper we study boundary eigenvalue problems for first order systems of ordinary differential equations of the form \[zy'\left( z \right) = \left( {\lambda A_1 \left( z \right) + A_0 \left( z \right)} \right)y\left( z \right),\,\,y\left( {ze^{2\pi i} } \right) = e^{2\pi iv} y\left( z \right)\] for z ? S^log, where S is a ring region around zero, S^log denotes the Riemann surface of the logarithm over S, the coefficient matrix functions A₁(z) and A₀(z) are holomorphic on S, and v is a complex number. The eigenfunctions of this eigenvalue problem are the Floquet solutions of the differential system with v as characteristic exponent. For an open subset S₀ of S, the notion of A₁-convexity of the pair (S₀, S) is introduced. For A₁-convex pairs (S₀, S) it is shown that the expansion into eigenfunctions and associated functions of holomorphic functions on S^log, satisfying the monodromy condition y(ze^2πi) = e^2πivy(z), converges regularly on S^log₀ and is unique. If S is a pointed neighbourhood of 0 and A₁(z) is holomorphic in SU{0}, it is shown that there is a pointed neighbourhood S₀ of 0 such that (S₀, S) is A₁-convex. It follows from the results of this paper that many expansions of analytic functions in terms of special functions can be considered as eigenfunction expansions of this kind.