陕南水镁石纤维（FB）的物理性质研究

水镁石纤维是天然产出的、罕见的高镁实心纤维。其抗拉强度为９５×９．８１×１０￣６Ｐａ，弹性模量为１．５～２．０×９．８×１０￣９ｐａ，显微硬度为７０～２４０，密度为２．４４～２．４８ｇ／ｃｍ￣３。电阻率为３×１０￣５Ω．ｍ～６．１×１０￣７Ω．ｍ，介电常数为４．７～７．２，磁化系数为１１．５～１５．５ｃｍ￣３／ｇ。耐热区间为４５０～４８０℃，导热系数为０．１３１ｗ／ｍ·ｋ，热膨胀系数为５．７～８．８×１０￣（－７）ｍ／℃，热容为１．２６Ｉ／ｇ，热解焓为１９．６ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ。Ｎｅ＝１．５７５～１．５７７，Ｎｏ＝１．５５２～１．５５６，白度７３．５％。本文还讨论了上述物理性质的各种变化、影响因素及其应用。     

阿坝州牛的种群分布与气候生态环境的关系

对阿坝州气候生态环境与牛的种群分布进行了探讨，确定牦牛、普通牛适宜气候区的综合气候指标分别为：年均气温０．７～１２．２℃，年≥０℃积温为１４３２．２～４４４８，年辐射总量１２２．９～１４７．９ｋＪ／ｃｍ￣２，年日照时数为２１２９．７～２４１７．９ｈ，年降水量≥６１０ｍｍ，生长季干燥度０．０９４～１．０５６，隶尾度：　＝１；年均气温９．０～１３．５℃，年≥０℃，积温为３３６２—１８９２，年辐射总量１０１～１１０．４ＫＪ／ｃｍ￣２，年日照时数为１６３７．５～１７４３．７ｈ，年降水量４９２．７～８３０ｍｍ，生长季干燥度０．５７４～１．４２１，隶属度＝０．两者之间为牦牛、普通牛过度气候生态区，其气候指标为年均气温４．７～５．７℃，年≥０℃积温２１３１～２３９６，年辐射总量１１５．６～１２１．９ＫＪ／ｃｍ￣２，年日照时数为１８２７．５～１８４３．９ｈ，年降水量７２９．７～７５６．１ｍｍ，生长季干燥度０．２１６～０．３５５，隶属度＝０．０６１～０．２２５，为充分利用气候资源和牛的品种资源，发展阿坝州养牛业提供了理论依据。     

R22饱和蒸气在水平双侧强化管外凝结换热的实验研究

对氟里昂制冷工质Ｒ２２在水平单管外的凝结换热性能进行了实验研究．传热管分别采用光管、低肋管及６根不同几何参数的双侧强化高效传热管．试验结果表明：强化管内侧强化换热效果为光管的２倍左右，管外凝结换热系数是光管的５～７倍．在冷凝温度为４０℃、管内冷却水流速范围为０．５～３．２ｍ／ｓ时，各强化管总的传热系数是低肋管的１～２倍，是光管的４～６倍     

几种因素对太平洋纺锤水蚤摄食率的影响

于 １９９３ 年 ３～６ 月对厦门港浮游桡足类优势种太平洋纺锤水蚤（ Ａｃａｒｔｉａ ｐａｃｉｆｉｃａ Ｓｔｅｕｅｒ）的摄食率及其与温度、盐度、食物浓度、食物种类、饥俄、食性等因素的关系进行了研究,为太平洋纺锤水蚤的生态和人工培养研究提供重要理论依据．结果表明：１）太平洋纺锤水蚤对三角褐指藻（ Ｐｈａｅｏｄａｃｔｙｌｕｍ ｔｒｉｃｏｒｎｕｔｕｍ ）的清滤率（ Ｆ, ｍ Ｌ／ｉｎｄ·ｈ）和滤食率（ Ｇ, ｃｅｌｌｓ／ｉｎｄ·ｈ）受温度的影响显著, Ｆ 和 Ｇ 随温度（１０～２５ ℃）升高而增加,但温度达到或超过 ３０℃反而因不适应而降低,最适摄食温度在 ２５ ℃左右（ Ｆ 和 Ｇ 分别为０．０５８ 和 ９．３３×１０４）．２）盐度对 Ｆ 和 Ｇ 也有显著影响, Ｆ 和 Ｇ 随盐度（１３～２６）升高而增加,但盐度达到或超过 ３０～３２,反而降低,最适摄食盐度在 ２６ 左右（ Ｆ 和 Ｇ分别为 ０．０３０ 和 ４．３７×１０４ ）．３）食物浓度从 ６．２２×１０５ 升高至 １．００×１０７ ｃｅｌｌｓ／ｍ Ｌ, Ｆ 有降低趋势,而 Ｇ 则有升高趋势;最大 Ｆ 和 Ｇ 分别为 ０．０３ 和 １１．３７×１０４ ｃｅｌｌｓ／ｉｎｄ·ｈ．４）太平洋纺锤水蚤对 ９ 种常见藻类的     

锥花丝石竹快速繁殖参数的探讨

文中探讨了两个锥花丝石竹品种组织培养快速繁殖过程中激素组成对繁殖倍数、有效苗指数、诱导生根苗指数、年产苗量和生根率的影响。结果表明：激素浓度为６ＢＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ～０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＩＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ～０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的条件下,ｔ值介于６～７之间,ａ／ｋ值小于１,一个芽的年产苗量大约为１×１０４株～１×１０５株。这一繁殖倍数既可达到快繁的目的,又可保证苗的健壮度。锥花丝石竹的生根则以１／２ＭＳ加ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＩＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ最适宜,两个品种的生根率均可达９８％。     

高压汽水两相流内螺纹管壁温与临界热负荷特性的研究

阐述了在西安交通大学高压汽水两相流试验回路上进行的垂直上升内螺纹管内汽水两相流传热特性的试验研究，试验管采用２８ｍｍ×６ｍｍ的内螺纹管，试验管材料为：１２Ｃｒ１ＭｏＶ，试验参数为压力ｐ＝１３．０～２２．０ＭＰａ，内壁热负荷ｑ＝２００～８００ｋＷ／ｍ２，质量流速Ｇ＝２４００～１８００ｋｇ／（ｍ２·ｓ）．试验确定了在上述参数范围内的壁温变化特性，得出了发生传热恶化的临界热负荷和界限质量流速。文中结论对采用内螺纹管的电站锅炉水冷壁的设计具有重要的实用价值。     

厦门东屿白骨壤群落生物量和能量

讨论了厦门岛西海域海沧镇东屿的白骨壤群落的生物量和热值、群落各组分的能量分布状况。结果表明：该群落为单种组成的群落，其生物量现存量为４３４６．０９ｇ／ｍ￣２，各组分分配比是：侧根最多，占３６．０２％；多年生枝次之，占２１．４６％；幼枝较少，为０．３３％；幼苗根最少，仅占０．１１％。群落各组分干重热值相差较大，其中叶最高１８．２７ｋＪ／ｇ；主根居次，为１７．８５ｋＪ／ｇ。幼枝较低，１６．１１ｋＪ／ｇ；幼苗根最低为１３．９０ｋＪ／ｇ．群落的能量现存量为７０５５３ｋＪ／ｍ￣２，其中地上部占４７．５４％，地下部占５２．４６％。     

嘌呤的电化学还原及其动力学参数测定

根据完全不可逆过程的循环伏安理论测定了嘌呤的动力学参数．嘌呤２个峰的电子传递系数α分别为０．５和０．３,标准异相速度常数ｋｓ分别为４×１０－２ｃｍ／ｓ和２×１０－３ｃｍ／ｓ,峰电位处的正向电子传递速度常数ｋ（Ｅｐ）分别为６×１０－３ｃｍ／ｓ和５×１０－３ｃｍ／ｓ．为了估计测定这些参数的误差,定义了电化学还原过程的可逆性因子ｆｒ,并进行定理计算．２个峰的ｆｒ分别为０．６和７×１０－４,ｆｒ的大小说明测定这些参数所引入的误差较小．研究结果表明,α、ｋｓ及ｆｒ与嘌呤浓度（ｃ＊０）、线性电位扫描速度（ｖ）及ｐＨ无关;ｋ（Ｅｐ）、ｃ＊ｏ与ｐＨ无关,而与ｖ有关．动力学参数说明峰Ⅰ是准可逆过程,峰Ⅱ是完全不可逆过程,且峰Ⅰ的电子传递速度比峰Ⅱ大．     

多孔表面池式沸腾传热的研究

本文就电化学腐蚀法加工的多孔表面管的池式沸腾传热性能进行了研究。这种加工方法工艺简单，成本低，在管子内外表面皆可加工，具有明显的优越性。实验结果表明：在相同条件下．沸腾所需的温差可以降低为光滑管的 １／２．４—１／４．５，根据实验数据求出单位面积上的汽化核心数ｎ与温差△Ａ关系式中的系数Ｂ和指数ｍ，它们可以用来判断多孔表面的特性．对加工方法堤出了改进意见．     

化学腐蚀表面多孔管的池沸腾传热研究

本文以水为工质，研究了常压下化学腐蚀表面多孔管的池沸腾传热性能．结果表明，该表面多孔管的沸腾传热性能十分优异，在试验的沸腾温差下，表面多孔管的沸腾传热系数达光滑管的近１０培．同时综合分析了该管强化沸腾传热的机理，预测了工业应用的前景．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-