转塔气动光学效应时空特性

通过对相同马赫数、相近雷诺数、不同转塔口径(400mm和2000mm)的绕流流场模拟和气动光学效应进行分析,给出了不同发射方向时气动光学效应导致的光束倾斜角和光束质量因子的时间变化特性、统计特性以及时间相关特性。结果指出:多数场景下气动光学效应中平均流场效应占主要部分,平均流场效应的特征频率由绕流流场的特征频率决定。尺寸效应的研究表明:缩比实验可以有效模拟实际飞行状态下气动光学效应的统计特性,但无法准确模拟其时间相关特性。开展了前向发射时发射方向的优化选择,指出发射方向在中轴线上天顶角约为40°时,气动光学效应导致的波前畸变统计值和涨落值最小。分析了前向发射时发射口径的影响,指出发射光束半径增加会导致平均流场效应快速增加,但湍流效应基本不变。     

气动光学平均流场效应时间特性研究

根据气动光学效应定义了绕流流场厚度,分析了气动光学平均流场效应的时间特性与绕流流场厚度的关系,给出特征时间的粗估公式。使用大型流体计算软件SAED模拟计算了机载光学平台绕流流场随时间的变化,计算了绕流流场厚度,研究了气动光学平均场效应随时间的变化规律。计算结果验证了粗估公式的可靠性,表明与湍流效应的特征时间相似,气动光学平均流场效应的特征时间,正比于绕流流场厚度与飞机速度的比值。在给定的计算模型中,特征时间约为5 ms量级,特征频率低于300 Hz;平均流场气动光学效应引起的光程差均方根随时间围绕平均值变化,方差与平均值之比约为8%。     

共形转塔气动光学效应时空特性研究

研究了相同马赫数、相近雷诺数、不同口径(400 mm和2 000 mm)共形转塔的气动光学效应, 系统地给出了发射方向不同时气动光学效应导致的光束倾斜角和光束质量因子的时间变化特性、统计特性以及时间相关特性。发现多数场景下气动光学效应中平均流场效应占主要部分, 平均流场效应的特征频率由绕流流场的特征频率决定。尺寸效应的研究表明,缩比实验可以有效模拟实际飞行状态下气动光学效应的统计特性, 但无法准确模拟其时间相关特性。开展了前向发射时发射方向的优化选择, 指出发射方向在中轴线上天顶角约为40°时, 气动光学效应导致的波前畸变统计值和涨落值最小, 并且发射光束半径增加会导致平均流场效应快速增加, 但湍流效应基本不变。     

共形转塔气动光学效应时空特性研究（英文）

研究了相同马赫数、相近雷诺数、不同口径(400 mm和2 000 mm)共形转塔的气动光学效应,系统地给出了发射方向不同时气动光学效应导致的光束倾斜角和光束质量因子的时间变化特性、统计特性以及时间相关特性。发现多数场景下气动光学效应中平均流场效应占主要部分,平均流场效应的特征频率由绕流流场的特征频率决定。尺寸效应的研究表明,缩比实验可以有效模拟实际飞行状态下气动光学效应的统计特性,但无法准确模拟其时间相关特性。开展了前向发射时发射方向的优化选择,指出发射方向在中轴线上天顶角约为40°时,气动光学效应导致的波前畸变统计值和涨落值最小,并且发射光束半径增加会导致平均流场效应快速增加,但湍流效应基本不变。     

用H-S波前传感器测量穿过超声速流场的激光像差特性

 用Hartmann-Shack(H-S)波前传感器可以准确测量穿过超声速流场的激光波面及其变化过程,进一步计算可以获得光束质心漂移、远场分布等数据。给出了H-S方法测量穿过超声速流场激光波面的原理,采用模式法进行了波前重构,计算了在几种流场条件下的激光波面像差特性PV值,RMS值和Zernike像差系数、Strehl比和环围能量曲线等。结果表明,H-S法可以很好地反映流场建立、稳定和结束过程中Zernike像差的变化。比较无流场和给定参数的超声速流场,激光穿越后产生的最明显的像差变化为离焦和低阶像散的增大。在相同流场参数下,无模型时光束质量好于有模型时光束质量。     

光学总论 其他

O43 2007054007基于周期激励流场的气动光学效应自适应校正=Aero-optics adaptive correction scheme based on periodical excited flowfield[刊,中]/谢文科(国防科学技术大学光电科学与工程学院.湖南,长沙(410073)) ,姜宗福//红外与激光工程.? 2007 ,36(2) .? 270-273通过外加周期激励对气动光学流场中相干结构的发展进行相位调制,从而获得近似周期变化的畸变波前时间序列;通过计算各相位角畸变波前的平均值,并将其共轭波前作为相应时刻的校正信号应用于畸变波前的自适应校正。对比校正前后的近场相位分布以及远场Strehl比发现,该气动光…     

半导体激光束准直系统的研究

根据二维高斯光束的传输与变换特性,从波像差理论出发,合理设计半导体激光束的准直物镜,并利用几何光学方法推导出正确的校正像散及旋转对称化变换的计算公式。     

不同光线入射角度下超声速湍流边界层气动光学效应的实验研究

利用基于纳米粒子的平面激光散射技术获取超声速(Ma=3.0)湍流边界层的密度分布,采用光线追迹方法计算其对应的光程差分布,并结合边界层气动光学相似律验证实验结果的可靠性.着重研究了光线入射角度对超声速湍流边界层气动光学效应的影响,并对其内在机理进行了分析.研究表明,气动光学效应对光线入射角度的依赖性源于光线在流场中的传输路径,传输路径的不同导致了光线在流场中的传输距离以及对应密度脉动互相关结果的差异.光线倾斜入射导致其在流场中传输距离增长,进而气动光学效应出现恶化.光线入射方向与壁面垂直方向之间的夹角越大,气动光学效应越显著,而且不同时刻的差异性增加,气动光学效应校正的难度增加.超声速湍流边界层中大量具有特定方向的涡结构导致了湍流边界层气动光学效应的各向异性.当光线倾斜向下游入射时,光线传播方向与流场中的涡结构具有较好的一致性,体现为此方向上密度脉动互相关系数较大,故气动光学效应比较严重.而当光线倾斜向上游入射时,相关系数较小,故气动光学效应较弱.     

大气湍流波前低阶模式的时间功率谱分析

引入规格化的相位谱,推导了大气湍流波前低阶模式（Ｚ－倾斜和Ｇ－倾斜、离焦、像散以及彗差）的时间功率谱,并就水平大气传输、星体目标观测、空间目标监测等几种情况作了实际的数值计算及分析,此外还给出实验结果,分析结果表明：对于水平大气传输模式,倾斜功率谱曲线的低频阶段的指数下降因子为４／３－６β／１１（β为相位谱空间频率的指数下降因子）,离焦、像散和彗差项的功率谱低频段指数下降因子为０;水平大气传输工作     

非均匀激光辐照下硅镜热变形对光束传输特性的影响

 使用有限元法计算了硅镜在DF化学激光器非稳腔输出的中空非均匀激光辐照下镜面温升和反射面面形随时间变化的特性,使用65阶Zernike多项式对镜面面形进行了曲面拟合,使用光线追迹的方法计算了平行光束经不同数量硅镜反射后的光束波前分布PV值、Strehl比和Zernike像差系数随时间变化的特性。计算结果表明：在典型的DF激光器输出的中空方形光束辐照下,硅反射镜的热变形将使反射光束产生波前畸变,波前畸变中,y方向像散项占据主要地位,其次是离焦项;随着激光系统中反射镜面数量的增加,高阶像差系数将逐渐增大,且波前PV值与反射次数成线性关系。     

Numerical analysis of coherent combination for fiber lasers and application to beam steering

A coherent combination model of fiber lasers has been established. The relative beam quality factor has been introduced and studied as a proper beam quality factor for the combined coherent beam. The disturbance of the phase shift, polarization degradation, distribution characteristic, the wave-front aberration and the tilt error has been numerically studied to investigate their effects on the beam quality. This model has been also used to analyze the control of beam steering. The results have shown that the impact of the phase shift on the combination is more serious than that caused by polarization degradation, and the coherence degradation caused by the phase grating is more severe than that caused by the phase shifter.     

The effect of tilt aberration and astigmatism of turbulent atmosphere on the intensity distribution of a vortex carrying Gaussian beam

The effect of tilt and astigmatism aberration of the turbulent atmosphere on the intensity distribution of a focused vortex carrying Gaussian beam was investigated based on the extended Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction integral and the quadratic approximation of phase structure function. Our results have shown that the intensity distribution on the focal plane in the effect of tilt aberration changes with the turbulent strength, the propagation distance and the topological charge of the initial beam. The propagation distance is larger, the focal spot size will be larger, and the central dip will be less deep. It is also noticed that the intensity distribution of a beam with single topological charge is affected more by tilt aberration in comparison to the beam with double topological charge. The effect of astigmatism on the intensity distribution is quite less than that of tilt aberration. For focused beam propagation in atmosphere, the effect of the tilt aberration on the intensity distribution of optical vortex beam is the main effect of total turbulent aberration.     

腔内倾斜扰动对正支共焦腔本征模式的影响

针对激光器出光过程中腔内像差扰动带来的光束质量下降问题,分析了正支共焦腔腔内不同位置倾斜扰动对本征模式的影响,采用数值迭代法计算了理想状态及腔内不同位置倾斜扰动状态下的本征模式、相位Zernike像差拟合系数.结果表明：对大小给定的扰动,相位相对敏感性从凸面镜到凹面镜逐渐增加,且腔模倾斜像差增大的同时还将导致离焦、像散等高阶像差的增大,因此作腔内补偿时,应使补偿平面尽可能靠近凹面镜.     

Effect of tilt and astigmatism aberration of turbulent atmosphere on the intensity distributions of a LG11 beam

The effects of turbulent aberration such as z-tilt aberration, and astigmatism on the intensity distribution of double ring shaped LG₁₁ beam have been investigated using the Fresnel–Kirchhoff diffraction integral and the quadratic approximation. The effect of turbulent aberration on the intensity distributions at the focal plane with different turbulent strength, and propagation distance is analyzed numerically. It is observed that the effect of tilt aberration gives major effect on the intensity distribution of the LG_(1,1) beam in the turbulent atmosphere.     

像差对星间相干光通信接收系统误码性能的影响

以空间链路方程为基础,详细推导了具有不同像差时的星间相干光通信接收系统信噪比表达式。以通信距离为60000km、速率为2Gb/s的2PSK零差同步轨道接收系统为例,通过数值仿真,全面比较了接收天线的倾斜、离焦、彗差和像散等像差对接收系统误码率(εBER)的影响。结果表明,不同像差单独作用时,倾斜像差的影响最大,象散的影响最小;不同像差相互作用时,它们中的某些能部分实现相互校正,从而降低误码率。以εBER≤10-6为比较标准,当彗差W31/λ≤1.00时,调整倾斜像差能实现它们之间的部分校正;当像散W22/λ≤0.53时,调整离焦能对像散进行部分校正。因此,在设计接收系统时,接收天线的像差所产生的影响不容忽视。这将为设计星间相干通信接收系统提供必要的理论依据。     

光学系统辅助装调技术研究

光学系统装调技术是高功率激光工程中的关键支撑技术之一。对光学系统装调中影响系统光束质量的误差来源进行了分析,并根据像差的装调方式进行了分类。对这两类像差的辅助装调方式进行了比较和仿真模拟。针对第一类像差,在装调模型中代入失调系统检测得到干涉图,利用计算机辅助装调模型计算出失调量的大小和方向,确定出系统的装调方案。仿真结果显示,对系统调整工作有较好指导作用。针对第二类像差,利用元件加工面形之间波像差的互补性,优化调整光学元件的装校姿态。仿真结果显示,系统的光束质量口由预期的4．916优化为1．187,提高了多元件光学系统的光束质量。     

Orbital angular momentum crosstalk of single photons propagation in a slant non-Kolmogorov turbulence channel

We analyze the orbital angular momentum (OAM) crosstalk of single photons propagation through low-order atmospheric turbulence. The probability models of the orbital angular momentum crosstalk for single photons propagation in the channel with the non-Kolmogorov turbulence tilt, coma, and astigmatism and defocus aberration have been established. It is found, for α = 11/3, that the turbulent tilt is the dominant aberration which causes the orbital angular momentum crosstalk, the coma is second and the astigmatism is third, but the defocus aberration has no impact on OAM. The results also indicate that the regularities of orbital angular momentum crosstalk caused by the tilt, the coma and the astigmatism are almost the same, respectively. The crosstalk probability of the orbital angular momentum increases as the azimuth mode index p of Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam increases, the turbulent strength C_n² enhances, the orbital angular momentum quantum number rises, the diameter of circular sampling aperture D and the channel zenith angle θ increase.     

Effects of low order atmosphere-turbulence aberrations on the vortex carrying Gaussian beam

The normalized intensity distributions at the focal plane of a vortex carrying Gaussian beam propagating in weak/middle turbulent atmosphere channel with z-tilt aberration, defocus aberration, astigmatism aberration or total turbulent aberration are discussed by numerical calculation. Our results show that the effect of z-tilt aberration on the intensity distribution of optical vortex beam is main effect of total turbulent aberration. In weak turbulent region, the effects of defocus and astigmatism aberration on the intensity distribution of a vortex carrying Gaussian beam can be ignored. In middle turbulent region, the effect of z-tilt aberration is still the most significant, but the effects of defocus and astigmatism aberrations, specially the effect of astigmatism on the center dark core of the intensity distribution at focal plane, can no longer be disregarded. Our results also show that for three low order aberrations, the beam with values of the topological charge, the beam have larger beam-radius and undergo smaller effects of z-tilt turbulent aberration on the doughnut distribution. For defocus aberration, the radius of the center dull of beam intensity increases with the values of topological charges increasing. And for astigmatism aberration, the beam with odd number topological charges, the center dull speck of beam intensity becomes to the bright speck. But for even number topological charges, the center dull speck of beam intensity maintains the dull one.