248例正常妇女骨密度的调查研究

目的小规模调查正常妇女骨密度的情况及变化规律.方法应用双能X线吸收测量仪对本地区248例20～86岁正常妇女进行L2～L4腰椎部(正位)和左侧髋部骨密度测量. 结果正常妇女的骨峰值,腰椎部出现于30～34岁,髋部出现于20～24岁,45岁后腰椎部和髋部均显著下降.绝经后妇女骨密度下降明显,与绝经前比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).绝经初期骨丢失明显,以后随着年龄增长有所缓慢.结论骨峰量的高低存在个体差异,绝经是引起骨丢失的重要原因.     

济南地区1900例门诊女性骨密度结果分析

目的:观察济南地区门诊女性骨密度变化规律,为骨质疏松症(OP)诊断、防治提供参考依据。方法:采用美国LU-NAR公司生产的DPX-NT型双能X射线骨密度仪。选择20～69岁的门诊女性1900例,按每10岁为一年龄组,将其分为5组,测定腰椎(L2～4)和髋部骨密度,分别比较骨密度和T-Score值。结果:腰椎和髋部的骨密度最高值均见于30岁组,40岁以后骨密度随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降,50岁以后骨密度明显降低。腰椎骨量减少和OP检出率明显高于髋部,说明腰椎骨质质丢失较髋部早,而60岁以后髋部骨量减少检出率明显高于腰椎,说明60岁以后髋部骨矿物质丢失加速。结论:骨量减少和OP的防治重点在于预防,尤其是50岁以后的绝经妇女。对于60岁以后的妇女,防治重点应放在髋部。因此在临床上应同时测量腰椎和髋部骨密度做出诊断。     

长沙市郊区女性骨质疏松纵向观察

目的 纵向观察长沙市马王堆乡骨质疏松防治社区女性不同骨骼部位年骨丢失率及其与绝经时间的关系。方法 用DXAQDR4500A型扇形束骨密度仪测量220例年龄36—60岁妇女的腰椎,髋部和桡骨远端的骨密度（BMD）,3．9—4．1年后复测骨密度,求得年骨丢失速率。结果 髋部股骨颈和桡骨远端开始明显骨丢失是在绝经前组;腰椎前后位L1-L4（AP）和髋部大转子在围绝经组已发生明显骨丢失;骨丢失在绝经早期组最快,AP、股骨颈、大转子及桡骨远端年骨丢失率分别为1．70％、2．21％、1．92％和1．56％;骨丢失在绝经晚期趋缓。年龄与绝经后妇女AP、大转子和桡骨远端的年骨丢失率呈正相关（γ=0．223—0．547,P〈0．05～0．01）。绝经年限与绝经后妇女AP、大转子的年骨丢失率呈正相关（γ=0．432～0．569,P〈0．05-0．01）。体重、体重指数与绝经后妇女AP、股骨颈、大转子的年骨丢失率呈负相关（γ=0．239—0．466,P〈0．05-0．01）。结论 不同骨骼部位的年骨丢失速率存在差异。年龄、绝经年限与体重影响不同骨骼部位的骨丢失。     

阿伦膦酸钠对绝经后骨量减少和骨质疏松妇女骨密度变化的影响

目的　观察绝经后骨量减少和骨质疏松妇女在阿伦膦酸钠 (福善美 )治疗和停药后的骨密度变化。方法　 4 0例绝经后骨质疏松和骨量减少的妇女 ,每日口服福善美 10mg和元素钙 5 0 0mg,分为服药 6个月组 2 5例 ,服药 12个月组 15例。停药后仅应用元素钙 5 0 0mg/d。观察服药期间和停药后的骨密度变化。结果　服药 6个月组 :腰椎 2～ 4和髋部的BMD值于服药 6个月时较服药前均有明显升高 ,其中腰椎 2～ 4升高 5 3% (P <0 0 0 1)。停药 13± 4个月后 ,腰椎 2～ 4和髋部的BMD值与服药 6个月时比较未见降低 ,大转子部位的BMD值较服药 6个月还有进一步升高。服药 12个月组 ,服药 6个月时 ,除Wards三角外 ,其他 3个部位的BMD值较用药前明显升高 ,其中腰椎 2～ 4升高4 2 % (P <0 0 0 1) ;服药 12个月时 ,腰椎 2～ 4的BMD较服药前升高 6 1% (P <0 0 0 1) ,而髋部的BMD较服药前未见明显改变。停药 2 3± 7个月后 ,腰椎和髋部的BMD与服药 12个月时相比均无明显变化。结论　阿伦膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨量减少和骨质疏松妇女 ,可以明显升高腰椎及髋部的骨密度 ,以腰椎部位升高更显著 ,停药后骨密度可维持 13～ 2 3个月。     

绝经前后妇女骨密度及其相关因素调查分析

目的：了解绝经前后妇女不同部位骨密度变化规律及绝经后妇女骨密度与绝经年限及体重指数的关系，以期尽早进行干预治疗。方法：收集665例年龄在28—78岁之间的绝经前后妇女，分成3组：月经正常组，绝经过渡期组及绝经组。用美国LunarDPX—NT型DEXA测量腰椎及髋部骨密度。结果：绝经过渡期组腰椎及髋部骨密度较月经正常组明显下降，统计学上有显著差异，绝经组骨密度较绝经过渡期组显著降低，p〈0．01。骨密度随绝经年限增加而下降，绝经后15—25年下降最明显，25年后趋于平稳。与之相反，体重指数小于28时，随体重指数增加骨密度增加。体重指数介于18—22时骨密度增幅最大。结论：妇女进入绝经过渡期以后应监测骨密度变化，绝经后保持适当体重可减少骨量丢失，预防绝经后骨质疏松症。     

卵巢早衰的骨密度评估

目的比较卵巢早衰（POF）与同龄正常妇女及自然绝经妇女的骨密度（BMD）。方法31例卵巢早衰妇女,年龄21～39岁,平均（32．1±3．1）岁;31例同龄健康妇女,平均年龄（33．7±3．5）岁及35例自然绝经妇女,年龄42—52岁,平均（47．3±3．8）岁,应用双能x线吸收测量仪进行L。腰椎部（正位）和左侧髋部（股骨颈）骨密度测定。结果年轻的POF较正常同龄妇女骨密度显著降低（P〈0．01）,其骨密度与自然绝经妇女相近。结论POF骨量丢失多且早,早期诊断和医学干预对卵巢早衰的骨量维持是必要的。     

云南昆明地区正常人群骨矿密度研究(摘要)

目的了解本地区正常人群腰椎、髋部各部位骨密度(BMD)的年龄变化规律;比较高原地区与其它地区正常人群骨密度的变化差别;建立当地骨密度正常值标准.方法测量年龄20～90岁(女523例,男183例)706例正常人腰椎(L1～L4)后前位;股骨近端骨密度值.每10岁为一个年龄组,共分为男女各7个组.用SPSS统计软件包进行分组统计分析.结果(1)男女两性均于30～39岁达到骨峰值;此后随年龄的增长,骨矿密度逐渐开始下降(80岁以上组除外).女性下降较男性明显,尤其在绝经后;(2)第一腰椎的骨峰值较第四腰椎低(P＜0.01);(3)80岁以上组骨密度出现反向增高.结论(1)昆明正常人群的腰椎骨密度明显高于成都.这可能是由于昆明日照时间(平均2 522b/a)较长的缘故;(2)该组值与全国平均水平相近而略低于北方地区,可能是由于云南人的身高和体重普遍较北方人低.此外,昆明平均海拔较高,造成一定的低气压和缺氧环境,也是造成其骨密度均值较低的一个重要因素;(3)80岁以上年龄组骨质的退变、软组织的钙化都会使得骨矿密度假性增高.     

利维爱治疗前后绝经女性骨密度的动态观察

为探讨利维爱治疗绝经后妇女骨质疏松症骨密度的变化规律,将76例绝经后妇女随机分为利维爱组和钙剂组,连续用药6个月,采用QDR2000型双能X线骨密度测定仪,进行腰椎及股骨上端骨密度测定.结果显示利维爱组(45例)治疗6个月后,髋部三角区(ward's)骨密度明显升高与治疗前及对照组比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05);对照组治疗前后骨密度无明显变化(P＞0.05).提示利维爱可有效防止绝经后妇女髋部骨量丢失.     

绝经后妇女血清基质金属蛋白酶-1、-2和组织金属蛋白酶抑制因子-1水平及其与骨密度及骨转换生化指标的关系

目的探讨绝经后妇女血清成骨细胞分泌的基质金属蛋白酶1、2(MMP-1,MMP-2)和组织金属蛋白酶抑制因子1(TIMP1)与骨密度及骨转换生化指标之间的关系。方法用酶联免疫吸附试验测定297名48～80岁女性志愿者的血清MMP-1、MMP-2、TIMP-1、血清骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、血清骨钙素和血清Ⅰ型胶原氨基末端肽(NTX),用双能量X射线吸收测定术测定腰椎正位、L1L4总体、股骨颈、Ward′s区、总髋部的骨密度。结果(1)绝经后妇女血清MMP-1、TIMP-1水平与骨密度、骨转换生化指标无明显相关性。(2)血清MMP-2水平与骨密度呈较弱的负相关,校正年龄与体重指数后,与股骨颈、髋部骨密度的相关性消失。(3)MMP2与BAP、骨钙素、NTX正相关(相关系数分别为0.193、0.231、0.249,均P<0.01)。(4)绝经后骨质疏松症患者血清MMP2水平(1466μg/L±313μg/L)高于年龄匹配的正常对照组(1222μg/L±243μg/L)、低骨量组(1282μg/L±220μg/L)(P<0.01)。结论绝经后妇女血清MMP-2与骨转换生化指标相关联,血清MMP-2水平升高可能为高骨代谢转换过程(如绝经后骨质疏松症)中的一种伴随表现。     

绝经后妇女骨矿含量与雌激素水平的相关研究

目的探讨绝经后妇女骨矿含量与雌激素水平的相关性。方法采用定量CT对268例妇女行腰椎2～4骨密度测量及血清雌酮(E1)、雌二醇(E2)测定。其中未绝经者50例，绝经者218例。结果绝经后妇女骨矿含量与E1、E2呈正相关，并随绝经年限的延长骨矿物质明显丢失，骨质疏松症发病率明显提高。结论绝经后妇女骨矿含量与雌激素水平呈正相关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.